Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

UVAŽOVAŤ S BLANCHOTOM O PRIATEĽSTVE

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Jacquemond O.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2009

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tom 64

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nr 8

748-756

EN

When considering friendship Maurice Blanchot refers to the statement: 'Ah, my friends, there is no friend', ascribed to Aristotle. By Auschwitz it is impossible to look at a friend without certain distrust and the friendship finds its 'true name' in the core of this aporetic tension and invincible contradiction. For Blanchot the 'true name of friendship' is a faceless friendship beyond the notion of friend, which after the holocaust could reintroduce the infinite into our thinking.

2

Friendship in anthropological fieldwork: some ethical doubts

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Nowicka E.

Lud

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2012

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tom 96

109-122

EN

Friendship is a relationship and at the same time a sort of feeling, which may take on a permanent character. This article shows that it can be and often is something else, namely a tool in anthropological fieldwork. The author tries to answer the following questions: 1. whether a certain emotional relationship called “friendship” between researcher and researchee is necessary as a cognitive tool in the process of anthropological fieldwork, 2. whether it is possible to reconcile the procedure of intellectual and empirical insight into social reality – which requires considerable distance, impartiality, the descriptive “objectivist” attitude that sees the researched reality, including the researched people, as objects – with friendship which is engaged and not at all impartial, and 3. whether friendship between researcher and researchee is morally neutral. I discuss the story of the friendship between a poet and writer, the first specialist in Roma culture in Poland and an excellent fieldworker, Jerzy Ficowski, and a Gypsy (Polska Roma) woman, Bronisława Wajss (Romani name: Papusza), as an instructive example. The fate of Papusza, unfortunately, was tragic. Ostracized by her tribe and banned as a disloyal person, transgressing the most important norms of romanipen, lonely and sick, she ended her life. Her case demonstrates the way in which ethical sensitivity in research is a hard exigency.

3

LET'S PLAY FRIENDS! ON STRANGE NEW GAME BETWEEN COUNSELOR AND COUNSELEE IN COUNSELING SITUATION AIMED AT FIGHTING HELPLESSNESS IN POSTMODERN SOCIETY (Polish title - below)

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Siuta M.

Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów / Adult Education Discourses

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2010

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tom 11

201-213

EN

(Title in Polish - 'Zagrajmy (w) przyjaciól ! O dziwnej nowej grze miedzy doradca a radzacym sie w sytuacji poradniczej konstruowanej przeciwko bezradnosci w postmodernistycznym spoleczenstwie'). The paper describes one of the categories of social relations that may occur in counseling situations. It is an exchange/purchase-based relation. Despite the apparent similarity to friendship, this relationship is only a substitute because it violates the three main attributes of friendship, namely the voluntary character, permanence, and reciprocity. The paper also describes the probable reasons why the counselor and the counselee engage in this 'friendship' game. These include: lower costs than those of true friendship, minimal risk of being hurt, and, finally, the possibility to combine the personal dimension with the non-personal (specialist) one. The authoress also argues that this relationship could be an example of how the society imparts an entirely new quality to an old type of social relation.

4

(POST)ČLOVEK (POST)ČLOVEKU VLKOM: PROBLÉMY PRIATEĽSTVA AKO KOHÉZNEHO PRVKU V SPOLOČNOSTI POSTĽUDÍ

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Dudíková P.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2022

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tom 77

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nr 8

626 – 640

EN

The paper examines the possibilities of friendship in transhumanist ideas of society of posthumans. Some transhumanists claim that human enhancement through technologies will also lead to a better and more cohesive society. The presented article challenges this claim by showing that transhumanist theories rather omit the social aspects of humans and their expectations about posthuman society are not really convincing. In the article, I focus on a specific type of transhumanism – so called extropianism, which emphasizes individual’s own responsibility, autonomy and motivation for self-improvement. The article itself is divided into three parts. In the first part I present extropianist ideas of posthuman as a result of human enhancement. In the second part I think about those ideas in the context of the whole society of posthumans. The third part focuses on friendship as a phenomenon that can bring individuals close together and increase the degree of solidarity and cooperation. I consider the possibilities of existence of such relationship in a future society of posthumans.

5

FRIENDSHIP DURING ADOLESCENCE: THE NECESSITY FOR QUALITATIVE RESEARCH OF CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS

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Zurko M.

Polish Journal of Applied Psychology

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2011

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tom 9

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nr 1

21-38

EN

The article deals with theoretical and methodological problems related to research on friendship during adolescence. It presents methods used in psychological research for determining the specificity and essence of friendship and its applied measurement A review of such completed studies includes not only the results and views showing the developmental advantages of friendship but also indicates the negative influence of a close friend (the so-called 'friend effect'). The reason for such resultant ambiguity may be the lack of a uniform and comprehensive theory of friendship and/or the specificity of applied methods (questionnaires) and research procedures (quantitative research with the use of large samples). The proposed concept is one developed by Aelred of Rievaulx, which introduces different kinds of friendship and connect its essence to a transcendental dimension. The paper also includes the specificity of qualitative methods and some research results from their application. Pursuant to her own research experience, the author has formulated the rules of research on friendship with the use of qualitative methods.

6

LONELINESS, FRIENDSHIP, AND FACEBOOK INTRUSION. A STUDY IN POLAND, SLOVAKIA, SYRIA, MALAYSIA, AND ECUADOR

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Błachnio A. , Przepiórka A. , Wołońciej M. , Bassam Mahmoud A. , Holdoš J. , Yafi E.

Studia Psychologica

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2018

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tom 60

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nr 3

183 – 194

EN

With the increasing popularity of Facebook, a new social phenomenon connected with its extensive use has appeared: namely, Facebook intrusion. The main aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of loneliness in the relation between friendships and Facebook intrusion. We analysed data from five countries: Poland (N = 399), Slovakia (N = 266), Syria (N = 475), Ecuador (N = 327), and Malaysia (N = 241). The total sample consisted of 1731 participants who had Facebook accounts; 61% of the participants were women. We administered the Facebook Intrusion Scale, the Loneliness Scale, and the Friendship Scale. The results indicated differences in the role of loneliness and friendship in Facebook intrusion, depending on the country. Among young Polish people, friendship decreases loneliness and loneliness decreases Facebook intrusion. Whereas among Ecuadorians friendship decreases loneliness, while loneliness increases Facebook intrusion.

7

IS A FRIEND IN NEED ALWAYS A FRIEND INDEED? ATTITUDE TOWARDS EMOTIONAL SUPPORT IN FRIENDSHIP: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY

100%

Wisniewska Z.

Psychological Studies

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2008

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tom 46

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nr 2

5-18

EN

The present study investigates similarities and differences in perception of emotional support in friendship. Ecuadorians (N = 87) and Poles (N = 60) completed a questionnaire constructed in two cultural versions. The questionnaire consisted of five conversation vignettes between two women. Participants evaluated women's behaviours varied by: level of intimacy; reason for self-disclosure and type of emotional support. Burleson's (1994) typology of emotional support was a theoretical framework for the study. The findings indicated that comforting messages low in person centeredness were evaluated lower by Poles in comparison to Ecuadorians. Additionally, low person centeredness of a supporting actor had a significant effect on the evaluations of the person who was seeking for a support. There were no differences between Poles and Ecuadorians in their perception of high person centered emotional support. The results indicated that intimate conversations between close friends were evaluated higher in a Polish sample in comparison to the daily conversations. The opposite result was observed in an Ecuadorian group.

8

Przyjazny nieznajomy. Esej o kulturze społecznej

88%

Skudrzyk P.

Świat i Słowo

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2011

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tom Świat i Słowo 2011, nr 1 (16)

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nr Świat i Słowo 2012 nr 2 (17)

17-32

EN

To begin with, the author introduces features of private life friendship. From that perspective, he observes “friendly” elements of social life. He describes a continuous spectrum of communities – from the ones which are united by the highest number of positive ties to those full of fight and hatred. The author points out that even in a fight to death one feels some remnants of positive ties with an enemy as a human being. He calls this phenomenon “a friendship with an enemy”. Even a little experience of “the friendship with an enemy” gives power to use possibilities of friendly relations with a stranger – the most common type of human we meet in social life. The author points out that high culture, as well as social climate are the conditions of developing positive ties.

9

Dojrzewanie do przyjaźni w roli członka grupy nieformalnej

88%

Fudali M.

Rocznik Lubuski

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2010

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tom 36

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nr 1

215-226

EN

The paper is part of research carried out by the author in 2007 in relation to the dynamics of the functioning of informal groups within middle schools. The information obtained from the research regarding group norms biding in informal communities, which include the examined middle scholars, allowed determining the group member model which they prefer. It can be considered an element of the group's normative control, determining the behavior of its members, as well as a kind of pass for the candidates, exhibiting character traits preferred in the group. From the obtained results it follows that the analyzed youth values most traits that make a good friend (extending help, possessing positive character features, straightforwardness, friendliness, honesty). Having one's own opinion, a serious attitude towards education and social activity help fulfilling the tasks related to school obligations and are highly valued by over 50% of the examined students in their informal groups. Slightly fewer middle scholars declared to prefer traits helping an individual to function within a group (courage, strength, lack of fear, good mood, anti-social activities-theft, cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol). It appears that knowing the traits that middle school students would like to observe in their peers from the informal group can be perceived as a factor helping teachers to understand many of group mechanisms and optimize their educational influence, making it more adequate.

10

DERRIDOVA „FILOPOLEMOLOGIE“

75%

Lambert G.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2017

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tom 72

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nr 7

505 – 514

EN

The paper focuses on the fact that, in recent political philosophy, we have witnessed a critical overturning of an earlier philosophical idealism that invoked friendship as the destination of the political and, in its place, of what the author will call a non-philosophical understanding that has determined a certain war (pólemos), and the “friend-enemy” relation, as the permanent ground from which any critical or strategic understanding of the political must now depart. This tendency can most clearly be illustrated by Jacques Derrida’s commentaries on the German jurist Karl Schmitt and the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. In this article, the author will address Derrida’s overt polemic and/or Auseinandersetzung with these two thinkers in his later writings. First, she will discuss his polemic with Schmitt from The Politics of Friendship (1990), and will conclude with some preliminary remarks on the culmination of this polemic in his reflections on Heidegger from the same period.