Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Emotional Functioning of Polish Managers and Employees

100%

Trzebiatowska I. A. , Dabrowska-Kaczorek M.

Pieniądze i Więź

|

2006

|

tom 9

|

nr 4(33)

29-34

EN

According to the recent National Chamber of Economics' research, Polish managers encounter many barriers impairing their activity. They complain on unstable law and tax system, as well as on the labour law incompatible with economic conditions. Many economic actors have stopped their market activity. It is difficult to answer the question what factors are responsible for the failure. In the analyses it is worth-while to concentrate not only on the features of the economic environment but also on the owner's personality. The authoresses in their own research concentrate on the question if the emotional condition of Polish managers differs significantly from the employees' emotional condition.

2

Impact of International Trade on Employment in Polish Industrial Sector

100%

Grotkowska G.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

|

2008

|

nr 20

26-50

EN

In this article the authoress is trying to address the question of impact of international trade on employment and its skill structure in the Polish secondary sector. After presenting stylized facts concerning changes in employment and wages in the years 1994-2003, she estimates elasticity of employment versus international trade flows. Both direct and indirect effects (impact of trade through changes in labour productivity) are taken into account. The elasticity appears to be positive in the case of exports and negative as far as imports is concerned, but is much higher - as for absolute value - in the case of outflow of goods from Poland. What's more, the sensitivity of employment for international trade appears to be much higher in the case of blue-collar workers than in the case of white-collar workers. Using estimated parameters and relative changes in trade in the analyzed period, the quantitative effects of trade are estimated: in spite of high dynamics of import penetration, higher elasticity of employment versus exports results in positive general effect of trade for employment (about 1.6 million workers as for secondary sector except for mining). It seems therefore that there are different factors that lie behind fall of employment in manufacturing (changes in demand structure, industry structure, technological shocks) and the main effect of trade was a changes of both skill and branch structure of employment.

3

ANALÝZA VÝVOJA AUTOMOBILOVÉHO PRIEMYSLU NA SLOVENSKU

80%

Nemcová E.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

|

2005

|

tom 53

|

nr 10

1009-1022

EN

In recent years the largest and most important manufacturing sector in Slovak Republic has been the transport equipment industry. Its share is expected to grow in the next years too above all due to an expanding automotive industry as well. This industrial branch has been the engine of positive changes and has contributed to improved performance of supplier branches as well. At the same time there are several risks resulting from this excessive dependency of Slovak economy from one dominating sector. The main objective of the submitted article, is to provide an analysis of the development of Slovak automotive industry during recent years.

4

Employment and education

80%

Rimler J.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

|

2004

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tom 51

|

nr 12

1172-1187

EN

Significant changes in the Hungarian labour market occurred in the 1980-2001 period, with a change in the employment structure as an expression of demand for labour. The proportion of direct production occupations (in industry and agriculture) significantly decreased, and producer and consumer service occupations came to the fore. Meanwhile the average level of education was rising, especially the years of schooling completed by the lowest education groups. Turning to presumed reasons for this, no significant correlation could be shown between technical development and labour-market changes, while the correlation between these effects and years of schooling was negative, so that their effect it was not great. There is no proof for the assumption that the rise in education level can be explained either by technical development or by structural change. It seems rather to be an autonomous process independent of these.

5

Paperless and Jobless: The Undocumented Status and Access to Employment among Latino Youth

80%

Goździak E. M. , Russell-Jenkins J.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

|

2019

|

tom 45

|

nr 1 (171)

25-39

EN

This paper is based on a study on the effects of unauthorized migration on Latino children and youth’s access to education, healthcare, and livelihoods. The research project aimed at improving understanding of the many nuanced effects of undocumented status on employment and livelihood prospects of Latino youth. Research involved ethnographic fieldwork in three neighborhoods in the larger Washington, DC metropolitan area: Chirilagua, VA, a neighborhood on the border of Alexandria and Arlington in northern Virginia; Langley Park, MD; and Columbia Heights, in DC. In this article we attempt to explore the circumstances faced by Latino youth as they transition into adulthood and analyze the effects of unauthorized status of the young person or other family members on incentives to work and access to the labor market. We argue that while these youth are often pressured to choose waged employment over education in order to contribute to the family’s income, their lack of legal immigration status is an incentive to stay in school for the relatively safe legal environment it affords. Once the decision to work has been made, or graduation from high school has forced them out of the safety net, the limited options for work available to these youth create difficult decisions wherein some seek work in safe environments for less compensation while others choose more formal, higher-paying positions that come with exposure and high risk.

6

ATYPICAL FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT IN SMES: CASE STUDY OF NITRA REGION

80%

Korcsmáros E.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

|

2021

|

tom 69

|

nr 5

534 – 556

EN

The basic objective of the research was to map the employment forms made use of in the small and medium enterprises operating in the Nitra region, with an emphasis on so called atypical employment forms which provides new possibilities for small and medium-sized enterprises; they introduce the possibility to reduce social contribution costs. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 513 randomly selected and addressed SMEs and 320 fully completed questionnaire forms served as the basis for a data analysis. The data collection was carried out in the first half of the year 2017. The atypical employment forms are applied not only in enterprises operating in the agricultural sector but also in other economy sectors. Micro enterprises use atypical employment patterns mainly when it comes to their active workforce, which fact is not surprising when considering the general characteristics of the enterprises included in this group.

7

ŠTRUKTÚRNA ADAPTÁCIA ZAMESTNANOSTI NA RECESIU A JEJ PREKONÁVANIE V SLOVENSKEJ EKONOMIKE

80%

Morvay K.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

|

2012

|

tom 60

|

nr 2

130 – 145

EN

Effects of recession on the structure of employment have been different in each phase of recession (and revival after the recession). It seems likely correct the assumption of our earlier analysis that in the initial phase of the recession was already noticeable structural changes in employment, but they were far from its final form. In later stages, the shape and intensity of structural changes has changed significantly. Recession strengthened the position of highest-educated workers, penalizing the segment of youngest workers, in their early stage have necessitated further expansion of self-employment to the prejudice of dependent work. Recession in some cases reinforced the structural changes in employment, which were already present even before the recession (expansion of self-employment, share increase of the tertiary educated employed persons), in other cases, the recession has brought new structural changes (increase in the proportion of part-time work). Seem to be more important the cases, when the recession reinforced the structural changes that were in milder form present even before the recession. The recession has added new momentum to them.

8

CHANGES IN EMPLOYMENT IN POLAND AND ABROAD AMONG THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE OPOLSKIE VOIVODESHIP IN 2008 AND 2010 (Zmiany w zakresie zatrudnienia w kraju i zagranica mieszkancow obszarow wiejskich wojewodztwa opolskiego w latach 2008-2010)

80%

Jonczy R. , Rokita-Poskart D.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

|

2011

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nr 4(26)

23-29

EN

The existence of considerable gaps in knowledge on employment and international migration, as well as the effects and determinants of the phenomena, became the primary reason for conducting the research on international migration in the Opolskie voivodeship. Apart from the important information about the state of employment, the key issue seemed to be changes in migration that was observed during the recent period in the Opolskie voievodeship. The changes which have occurred due to the macroeconomic situation, such as the economic crisis in Europe and changes in the labor market, determine the profitability of a job abroad. The article presents the results of the research that indicated some positive trends in employment in the country and abroad in the period 2008-2010. Firstly, it shows a significant drop on the scale of emigration in the past two years and a contemporary increase in employment in the country of the Opolskie voivodeships' inhabitants. On the other hand, the research shows a decrease in the number of people who are economically inactive. Changes in employment were not similar in the various population groups - the most pronounced differences in the change in employment abroad have been associated with the groups of citizenship.

9

The minimum wage impact on employment levels in Poland

80%

Ruzik A.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2007

|

tom 34

|

nr 1(394)

5-9

EN

The study is focused on an impact of the minimal wage changes on employment in Poland in years 2002-2003. It starts with the review of both theoretical and empirical literature for different countries. Then individual data from the labour force survey was used to show impact of different variables on probability of outflow from employment. The results of the research show that among others increase in the minimum wage could be significant for an increase in probability of loosing job in the described period.

10

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION, THE EMPLOYMENT AND THE MOBILITY IN VARYING REGIONS (Az iskolazottsag, a foglalkoztatottsag es az ingazas teruleti osszefuggesei)

80%

Forray-R. K. , Hives T.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

|

2009

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

42-59

EN

The autors' aims were to reveal the correlation between employment data and the level of education, as well as with the economic nature in the sub-regions of Hungary. They examined the phenomenon of commuting to work, and its relationship with the educational level. The social and economic conditions widely vary in the sub-regions, counties and regions, and the composition of the employed and unemployed also differ: even those with the same qualification have different chances to find a job in the various regions. Employment and thus, unemployment is impacted by geographical location and economic potentials rather than the education level. An exception to this rule is the situation of those holding a university and college degree, whose employment level is high even in the disadvantaged sub-regions. The number of commuters has considerably increased in the past 15 years. In the suburbia of Budapest there is a clear correlation between the rate of commuters and the slowing rate of migration from the capital. The rate of those commuting to work from disadvantaged sub-regions is much lower than elsewhere. The highest rate of commuting is measured among the population with elementary school education. Typically, commuting remains within the boundaries of the countries.

11

The German Model of Flexicurity

80%

Zawadzki K.

Polityka Społeczna

|

2006

|

tom 33

|

nr 8(389)

21-26

EN

The paper contains characteristics of the flexicurity-based approach in the employment and labour market policy. The fields of flexibility and security, that can co-exist within it, are defined. The set of 'Modern labour market acts' (called 'Hartz's reform'), introduced in Germany since 2003 to 2005, is analyzed, regarding its convergence with the flexicurity concept. Results of changes in functioning of the public employment services in Federal Republic of Germany, as well as the consequences of modification of the active and passive labour market measures for the security and flexibility level, are pointed out.

12

ZHODNOTENIE VÝVOJA TRHU PRÁCE NA SLOVENSKU V ROKU 2005 A JEHO KRÁTKODOBÝ VÝHĽAD

80%

Morvay K.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

|

2006

|

tom 54

|

nr 5

457-467

EN

In the previous years, the development of the macroeconomic parameters was favourable, except the labour market. The trends in an unemployment rate, as well as a development of the real wages seemed not to be in the accord with the high economic growth. In 2005, the development on the labour market was different, and more favourable than in the previous the other kinds of imbalance - higher growth of the real wages compared with lower growth of a productivity. This article explains changes in the development trends in the year 2005, makes statements to some discussed topics (risks of imbalance between wage growth and productivity growth or the scope of tax wedge) and indicates the possible development projections in the years 2006 and 2007.

13

CHANGES IN LABOUR RESOURCES IN INDIVIDUAL FARMING IN THE YEARS 2000-2005

80%

Chmielinski P. , Karwat-Wozniak B.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

|

2007

|

nr 3(312)

61-80

EN

The aim of the study is to present the changes in the number and social and demographic features of the population connected with farming, as well as to show the specificity and complexity of employment issues in individual farming, and the discussion of changes in relations within the scope of labour force in peasant farming and the influence of hired labour in family farm on the rural labour market. The years 2000-2005 were the period in which farming families limited their own labour effort, although the relations within the scope of labour in individual farms still have remarkably family nature. In general, one can observe small influence of employment possibilities in farms on easing imbalance on the rural labour market as in 2005 individual farming created permanent job possibilities for 30 thousand people and seasonal and temporary jobs for the group of app. 470 thousand people. At that time, the open unemployment rate in Polish farming families may be determined at 369 thousand and the hidden unemployment rate at app. 500 thousand people.

14

SIMULOVANÝ PRÁVNY ÚKON AKO ACTUS CONTRA LEGEM V PRACOVNOM PRÁVE

80%

Frťalová A.

Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)

|

2014

|

tom 97

|

nr 6

570 – 583

EN

The author analyzes the simulation and dissimulation, the effects of these two factors and the possibility of substitution with other labour law tasks. In the introduction the author presents historical origin of the employment contract and follows the legal concept of dependent work. In the interpretation of the essential characteristics of dependent work examines the distinction between essential characteristics of dependent work and its consequences. Subsequently author analyzes the simulation of legal acts and its legal consequences depending on the type of simulation as unilateral and mutlilateral simulation. It is explained the process of dissimulation and the particular conditions under which the act is recognized as valid. Finally the author proposes improvements of employment legislation.

15

The employment of the Roma at the end of the 20th century

80%

Kertesi G.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

|

2005

|

tom 15

|

nr 2

57-87

EN

The paper is based on individual data of the 1993 and 2003 representative Roma surveys as well as for national controls on the individual files of the 1992-2003 national labor force surveys. A detailed account is given on the relative employment chances and the stability of employment of the Roma by the end of the 20th century. The important role of the public work programs is emphasized in maintaining the instability of the Roma employment.

16

Czynniki wpływające na bezpieczeństwo zatrudnienia z perspektywy kobiet

80%

Zieliński G. , Szymańska-Brałkowska M.

Zarządzanie i Finanse

|

2012

|

tom 4

|

nr 1

69-80

EN

The paper presents the main factors that have an effect on employment safety for women. Interviewed women from Pomorskie Voivodeship indicate job stability as one of the most important factors that is understood as a stability of work-place and company’s stability on the market. The results presented in the paper show that job qualifications give female employees the highest satisfaction, while the lowest score among women has internal communication in the company.

17

The Impact of Business Mergers and Takeovers on Employment - Selected Topics

80%

Walczak K.

Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi

|

2004

|

tom 4

|

nr 3-4

33-40

EN

The comments presented in this article obviously do not exhaust the whole of the subject matter. What remains is the broad sphere of collective labor relations that apart from the requirement that the provisions of collective labor agreements be observed for one year have, to date, not found their reflection in Polish legal standards. However, this in no way belittles the fact that, in general, Polish regulations are in line with the overall requirements of European law. Nevertheless, it will be court decisions issued on the basis of regulations in force as of January 1, 2004 that will show if this agreement is only formal in nature or if the standards have actually been introduced into business practice.

18

Employment and educational attainment in Hungary.

80%

Kertesi G. , Varga J.

Kozgazdasagi Szemle (Economic Review)

|

2005

|

tom 52

|

nr 7/8

633-662

EN

The study looks at reasons behind the low employment level in Hungary that have to do with educational attainment. The starting point is an international comparison of the educational attainment structure of the population. The comparison is impeded by uncertainties about how to classify certain levels in the Hungarian school system. There are strong substantive reasons for saying that a qualification from a skilled worker or vocational school should be placed in a category lower than the upper secondary level. If that classification is applied, the educational attainment of Hungary's population in 2001 fell significantly short of the average for the EU countries, despite the large scale expansion of education in the 1990s. The still high proportion of ill educated can be attributed mainly to a break in the mid-1980s in a long term trend: the proportion of each cohort attaining a very low level of schooling had been falling steadily since the beginning of the 1970s. The expansion of schooling stopped short at the poor strata. Most of the shortfall in employment derives from the problems with employing labour with low educational attainment: there are too many of them compared with the EU average and they are less employable. Finally, the study draws on earlier evidence and some new arguments to dispel concerns that the excessive education is being provided in Hungary in secondary schools offering a school-leaving certificate and in higher education.

19

THE IMPACT OF MANUFACTURING BRANCHES ON REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

80%

Gašparíková J. , Nemcová E. , Pálenik M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

|

2006

|

tom 54

|

nr 3

266-280

EN

The main aim of the paper is to map regional employment differentiation in Slovak Republic according to the high-tech and low-tech manufacturing sectors. To achieve this aim the authors worked with recent statistical regional data. They concentrated on a question if there exists a substantial relation between the location of the high-tech manufacturing and the employment growth in the selected regions. According to their survey, the high-tech sector did not prove a very strong impact on the total employment. However, considering the changing structure of manufacturing in the future it will represent one of the most decisive issues of the competitive growth.

20

REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE LOW WAGES SECTOR IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

80%

Nyklewicz K.

Olsztyn Economic Journal

|

2010

|

tom 5

|

nr 2

242-257

EN

The share of low wage employment in the Federal Republic of Germany has increased significantly during the recent years. Because of considerable disproportions in the size of wages between the western and the eastern Lands it was necessary to introduce two different thresholds of low wages. The conducted studies show that the size of the low wages sector depends on its assumed definition and on the groups of employees included in the study. Its regional differentiation is influenced by numerous factors that are both the consequence of historical happenings and the result of the contemporary transformations taking place within the borders of the united German State.