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EN
An article analyzing the new Czech translation of the Bible published last year entitled The Bible: A Translation for the 21st Century. The passage chosen for the analysis and evaluation of the translation is that of the Decalogue (Exo. 20:2-17 and Deut. 5:6-21). The study starts by characterizing the basic issues involved in translating traditional and authoritative texts which are firmly rooted in the cultural memory of each language region, and then goes on to examine the role played by the correct identification of the genre (literary type) of the Decalogue in the context of biblical legislative texts and their forms. It criticizes the choice of the imperative (vetitive) as the dominant mode for the verb forms in the main clauses of the individual commandments. In terms of terminology and phraseology, the analysis shows that the Translation for the 21st Century does in places introduce original interpretations in its paraphrases of the original text and comes up with some innovative formulations, but this is usually at the cost of a significant shift in the meaning of the statement, usually with a tendency to generalize and decontextualize the original meaning of the statement. In other parts of the Decalogue text, on the contrary, the translation reveals the influence of the Kralice Bible (the classic Reformation translation into Czech, made in the 16th century), with a return to the Kralice diction, so that in some places elements are preserved of a more conservative diction than is usual with other translations of recent decades. Thus overall the translation, while noteworthy, is somewhat inconsistent, and on a number of points it clearly lacks a firm grounding in the issues relating to the interpretation of the text.
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EN
The concept of the normative system as a partially ordered set of norms is defined in the paper. Certain principles of deduction over norms and claims regarding the consistency of the normative system and the mode of the elimination of a contradiction are formulated. The problems of the consistency of normative systems are demonstrated with the example of the Decalogue, in particular the Fourth Commandment.
EN
The article “From allegory to eschatology in Jan Karafiat’s Broučci: Pro male i velke děti” discusses the subject of the first authorial book for children from the second half of the 19th century, written by a Czech Evangelical pastor. In this literary piece of art we will find strong autobiographical influences and innovative literary trends, references to children’s way of perceiving the world on the psychological, linguistic and literary grounds. The article shows how the author managed to reflect the spiritual sphere of human life in an allegoric world of insects. The miniaturized world of fire flies is an allegoric tale on man’s way to God. Eschatology in Jan Karafiat’s book is understood as unconditional commitment to God in hope of eternal life. A theocentric character of this book is presented from the perspective of the Evangelical Reformed Church, promoting a harsh Calvinist notion of faith. The book, besides its theological implication, raises also transreligious values. For it is a literary Decalogue – a set of basic ethical principles, worth of every human being’s attention, regardless of the religion they practice, if any.
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