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ERCEPTIONS OF DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE AND SYSTEM JUSTIFICATION: A CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON OF TWO POST-SOCIALIST COUNTRIES (A disztributiv igazsagossag eszlelese es a rendszerigazolas: kulturkozi osszehasonlitas ket volt szocialista orszagban)

100%

Berkics M.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

2009

tom 64

nr 1

229-252

The present paper investigates attitudes and beliefs about social justice in two Eastern European post-socialist countries, Poland and Hungary. A comparison between such countries is especially interesting because it can provide at least a partial answer to the question whether dissatisfaction with the new, democratic-capitalist system (as revealed by previous studies done in Hungary) can be attributed to the stresses and strains associated with systemic change in Eastern Europe. Results show a general similarity between responses obtained in the two countries. The cross-cultural applicability of Likert-scales measuring system justification and justice beliefs is also considered

O uniwersalności teorii psychologii społecznej

100%

Dymkowski M.

Psychologia Społeczna

2007

tom 2

nr 3-4(5)

249-261

According to social constructionism, social psychologists do not formulate universal theories because people conform to culturally and historically changeable influences, and the phenomena and processes investigated by social psychology are specific and unique. In opposition to this position, a case of a fully universal theory is analyzed, as well as examples of several other theories that are - in the light of research outcomes, especially of the cross-cultural comparisons - only historical generalizations, or their universality is incomplete. Possibilities are discussed of separating time and space limitations from the theories with the help of: (1) identification of the described commonalities’ universal determinants; (2) ad hoc formulation of more general assertions; (3) indication of new relations between theories.

RELIGIOSITY AND WELL-BEING IN SLOVAK AND HUNGARIAN STUDENT SAMPLES: THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY TRAITS

63%

Halama P. , Martos T. , Adamovova L.

Studia Psychologica

2010

tom 52

nr 2

101-115

The paper deals with the relationship between religiosity and different aspects of well-being in samples of Slovak and Hungarian university students and raises the question of whether this relationship is moderated by personality traits. Francis Scale of Attitude towards Christianity, Diener's Satisfaction with Life Scale, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Purpose in Life test, Steger's Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Bipolar Big Five Markers were administered to 274 Slovak and 249 Hungarian university students. The results of bi-variety comparisons showed that religiosity correlated positively with meaning in life in both samples, but higher religiosity was associated with satisfaction and happiness only in the Hungarian sample. A series of moderated regression analysis testing three-way interaction models (religiosity x personality trait x nation) showed no support for an overall moderation effect of personality traits. Only weak interactions were found for agreeableness and openness in the Slovak sample when predicting meaning in life. The authors emphasize the need to take the cultural context of the religiosity/well-being relationship into account and suggest the need for further research on the question of whether religiosity could be considered as a universal source of meaning in different cultures.