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3 Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

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K obratu v zahraniční politice Sovětského svazu a Kominterny na počátku 30. let

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Litera B.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

2009

tom 95

nr 4

471-482

The study analyses circumstances, conditions and progress of radical reappraisal of the Soviet Union's foreign policy at the end of 1933 and its connections with no-less dramatic change of the Communist International's (CI) policy two years later. Transformation of the Comintern's policy, which resulted in creation of people's fronts, is connected with J. Dimitrov. Dimitrov was rescued from a German prison by J. V. Stalin, who put him in charge of the Communist International and discussed all issues concerning changes of the Comintern's policy with him. These changes are documented in decrees issued by top CI's organs, which regard the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia between 1933 and 1935.

Britská politika Kominterny a problém loajality britských komunistů

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Kolenovska D.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

2009

tom 95

nr 3

305-317

The Communist International prioritized executing its erratic international strategy over national interests of foreign communists. The British communists, whose substance came from the Fabian Society, were thus unable to offer the British public competent topics and remained on the edge of interest despite a relatively strong intellectual foundation and financial support from the Russian Bolsheviks. The traditional trade union movement, which managed to maintain control over the 1926 strike movement, together with consistent action of the British security organs against even the smallest acts performed by assumed or real Soviet agents, also contributed to this situation. The British communists only succeeded in utilising their prevailing educational and publishing activities in the mid-1930s thanks to Moscow's relaxed anti-Fascist policy. Through Friends of the Soviet Union, i.e. a British branch of the Moscow All-Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries and by organising journeys to the Soviet Union, the communists gradually won sympathies of influential British persons. The Left Book Club, established in May 1936 by the publisher Victor Gollancz, became their most successful project. For a short time the communists acquired further political capital by supporting the Spanish leftists against Franco. Soon afterwards, however, Moscow's controversial tactic towards the Spanish Civil War, signature of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and Comintern's refusal to support British patriots in the air war against Hitler marginalised the British communists once again.

Sovětská politika ve Španělské občanské válce

88%

Kolenovska D.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

2011

tom 97

nr 3-4

329-341

The Soviet Union decided to intervene directly in the Spanish civil war in spite of its weak international position. Moscow became the only foreign ally of the republican government. Not only diplomats, but also the Red Army soldiers and weapons were employed to achieve the Soviet objectives. Interests of the republican government were only secondary within these aims. The Soviets' international contacts with left-wing intellectuals were used to set the tone for the worldwide newspapers. The Spanish Communist party was weak and its members had not reached expectations of the Comintern until 1936. From 1936, they were under total control of Moscow. The Comintern was in charge of organizing the Interbrigades, but all the Soviet military, political and commercial operations in Spain were supervised by the NKVD. Essential elements of the Stalinist terror and the theme of Trotskyist conspiracy were transferred to Spain in this way, thus discrediting the idea of the Popular Front. By September 1938, an attempt to include the Soviet Union in the system of the Great Powers had failed and the Soviet struggle for collective security was pulled out. Moscow stopped developing plans concerning Spain and stepped off the Spanish internal conflict.