Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Poet as an anthropologist

100%

Telicki M.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2007

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nr 3(105)

153-171

EN

Modern anthropology has shifted accents - from analysing primitive societies, it switched into the researcher's own society, viewed from the standpoint of an external observer. Poetry makes use of this current of thoughts on 'man creating culture', and, when constructing its texts, it constantly makes itself subject to astonishment with the world (the latter not getting 'disenchanted' at all). Anthropology and literature almost in each case get closer to each other on the anthropologist's initiative. On the other hand, the poetic quality of language, as well as the possibility to regain a subject by the poet, seemingly speaks in favour of anthropological analyses effected by literary scholars and being an imminent part of modern lyrics. Such analyses are supported by the imagination which cannot possibly be studied empirically (this making imagination different from a scientific view), whilst not losing a cognitive dimension.

2

O významech sloves typu »jít« a typu »chodit« v češtině (Pohled kognitivní)

80%

Římalová L. S.

Bohemistyka

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2009

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tom 9

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nr 3

161 - 176

EN

The author carries out an analysis of the Czech verbs of movement, such as: jít/chodit, běžet/běhat, nést/nosit etc. with the use of cognitive methods of linguistics. She investigates different uses of a particular verb which form a radial structure of the prototype. This enables to allocate the particular “knots” which are also characterized by the radial structure. The author concludes that semantic structures, of the analyzed by her verbs, coincide with several semantic fields.

3

Certains aspects cognitifs et extralinguistiques de la création lexicale en latin médiéval

80%

Rzepiela M.

Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

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2008

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tom 131

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nr 3-4

455-468

EN

The present paper discusses some cognitive and some extralinguistic aspects of word-formation in medieval Latin. It is inspired by the works of Michele Fruyt (1996 and 2000: see notes 2 and 3 respectively in the article) on the same aspects of word-formation as observed in ancient Latin. Our point of departure was the M. Fruyt's distinction between the 'sens fonctionnel' - the meaning of the words in everyday communication, which could also be described as 'the normal meaning', - and the 'sens parallele', the meaning given to the lexemes by the speaking subjects when subjecting them to metalinguistic analysis. If it is possible to decompose the lexemes morphologically, then this kind of meaning may also be called the 'sens compositionnel'. The distinction described is to some extent inspired by the cognitive ideas. The 'parallel meaning' then reflects an individual understanding (sometimes erroneous according to a norm) and (re)interpretation of the words produced by the speaking subjects. The most spectacular manifestation of the 'parallel meaning' is taken to be the variety of etymological reinterpretations commonly called 'folk etymology'. We give some examples of these reinterpretations taken from the 'Dictionary of Polish Medieval Latin' (Lexicon mediae et infimae Latinitatis Polonorum). Another group of vocabulary analysed here is that of the deminutive formations, particularly where these represent the connotative meanings. Finally we discuss some extralinguistics factors, such as historical and social changes in the Middle Ages, which can have a notable influence on the process of word-formation. By comparing the same formations as they occur in both ancient and medieval Latin, one can sometimes establish a significant difference in their productivity during the two ages arising from this type of cause. The phenomenon can be illustrated very well by derivatives such as feminines ending in -trix, names of offices ending in -atus and others.

4

SELECTED METAETHICAL ASPECTS OF PHILIPPA FOOT’S MORAL PHILOSOPHY

80%

Chabada M.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2023

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tom 78

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nr 1

1 – 13

EN

There are two main positions in metaethical discussions. The first, cognitivist, position is that moral evaluations may be true or untrue, and the second, internalist, position is that these evaluations guide actions such that the agent is internally motivated to act based on the content of that evaluation. These two positions conflict. Cognitivism has to deal with the problem of moral motivation, and internalism has to explain the relevance of moral evaluations. In this article we will explore the moral philosophy of Philippa Foot as presented in her Natural Goodness. Our aim is to reconstruct and explain Foot’s arguments in favour of cognitivist and externalist views. Hence the final part proffers a summary of the metaethical aspects of Foot’s moral philosophy, and thereby highlights both the originality and contribution it makes to contemporary ethical thinking, and sketches a constructivist interpretation of Foot’s moral philosophy that emphasises the function of practical reason in constituting moral normativity.

5

DISTINCTIVE RATIONALITY OF INTENTIONS

80%

Botting D.

Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu

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2013

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tom 20

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nr 4

507 – 526

EN

In this paper the author intend to defend Broome’s cognitivist view that reduces practical normativity to theoretical normativity, but argue that this leaves unaccounted for distinctively practical norms that the author seeks to capture as a system of local obligations to have particular intentions. The krasia requirement dictates what obligations we have relative to the normative beliefs that we have but does not tell us what intentions it is rational to have all-things-considered.

6

NÁVRAT PSYCHOLOGIZMU: PANDORINA SKRINKA, ALEBO NOVÉ INŠPIRÁCIE PRE FILOZOFIU?

80%

Sedová T.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2010

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tom 65

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nr 8

738-749

EN

The paper deals with the historical and systematic aspects of psychologism. The historical aspect is examined on the background of the rise of psychology as an independent science. The systematic-analytical aspect, on the other hand, is seen as connected with normativity and the empirical contingency of facts. These issues are analyzed with regard to the so called Psychologismusstreit in German post-Kantian philosophy. The comeback of psychology is rendered as related to the project of naturalized epistemology. The paper also points out the challenges, which philosophy faces due to the claims of cognitivism.

7

Cognitive Powers of Poetry

80%

Nasilowska A.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2007

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nr 3(105)

6-10

EN

There is a similiarity beetwen the approach of a Phenomenologist on the one hand and the general cognitive principles of the modernist poetry on the other. This sort of poetry follows the rule of removing the previous assumptions in order to return to the epistemologically primal situation in which the object and the subject are brought together. The works of Julian Przybos constitute the most eminent example of this approach in Polish poetry.

8

LITERARY EXPERIENCE IN THE MASS-MEDIA CULTURE ERA. COGNITIVISTIC PREMISES OF COMMUNICATION (Przezycie literackie w dobie kultury medialnej)

80%

Konicka H.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2008

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nr 3(111)

166-174

EN

This article is an account of the emerging revision of views on peculiarity of thinking processes and interpersonal communication acts. The authoress comes to the conclusion that perhaps, it is high time now to reject some highly systemic concepts in favour of intuitive and more commonsensical research/scholarly attitudes, particularly in the area of investigations in reader response.

9

CREATIVITY FROM THE COGNITIVIST PERSPECTIVE (Kreatywnosc z perspektywy kognitywistycznej)

70%

Bremer J.

Horyzonty Wychowania

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2011

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tom 10

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nr 20

61-80

EN

The following article begins with the presentation of several short definitions of creativity and an outline of the main characteristics of selected theories of creativity. Next, the interdisciplinary range of cognitivist research into creativity is described. It encompasses philosophy and psychology of creativity on one hand, and on the other hand - the research conducted in neurosciences as well as in research on artificial intelligence. In addition, possible applications of the theoretical analyses of creativity in pedagogical (educational) practice are indicated.

10

INTERSUBJECTIVITY AND LITERATURE (Intersubiektywnosc i literatura)

70%

Rembowska-Pluciennik M.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2009

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nr 1-2

215-227

EN

This article is a preliminary proposal of how to redefine basic narratological notions in reference to issues and analytical methods of cognitive narratology. In light of the latter, literary narrative constitutes an experiment in accepting and representing someone else's perspective (cognitive, emotional, perceptual). This fact has to do with the properties of one of the basic forms of human consciousness - namely, the functioning of intersubjectivity as a permanent orientation of consciousness toward presence of other people being perceived as intentional and mental subjects. The possibility of taking into consideration another person's perspective is one of the most important features of human cognition, one being of great importance to cooperation and communication. The authoress' original creation of a character and the reader's mental representation of the latter can be considered to be an act of imaginary simulation of somebody else's perspective. Making use of the cognitive model of intersubjectivity in the theory of narrative enables a new interpretation of phenomena related to literary communication, literary character, and reception of literature. It also allows for extending the issues of consciousness in literature beyond the limits of conventions of presenting the character's internal speech.

11

SEEING, IMAGINING, AND THINKING-ABOUT (Widziane, wyobrazone, pomyslane)

70%

Lapinski Z.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2009

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nr 1-2

45-56

EN

The vivacity of poetic images and their impact being greater than ordinary sensations have been the object of permanent interest of poetry readers. However, the instruments of scientific psychology have not provided literary scholars with means of analysis which would enable them to give an account of those features. Cognitive science, providing a whole new array of concepts, models, and experimental techniques, enabled to interpret the poetic images from a new perspective. Interpretations of one of Cyprian Norwid's poems (the advice-to-a-painter poem) and of some modern lyrics serve as an example of this new perspective.

12

Klejnot na szyi kobiety. o nazwach damskich perfum

70%

Saniewska D.

Białostockie Archiwum Językowe

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2012

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nr 12

215-224

EN

Experiential linguistics, which is focused on the description of sensual sensations, has emerged from cognitive sciences. The author undertakes the issue of verbalized smells, that is the names of perfume, by the author’s choice – the female ones. The discussed examples of perfume naming show the attempts of smell narrativization by applying names conveying great semantic and metaphorical (mini-metaphors) capacity that evoke “Proust eﬀect”. As a exponent of the content richness, we may treat sensual synesthesia and imagery (cultural constructs, ﬂoral and geographical names, names connected with the cinema, entertainment, lifestyle, dissemination of a certain brand’s style, abstracts yielding to aestheticization, names connected with altered states of consciousness, names poetizing and additionally deﬁning the image of a woman). The proposed categories of names allow to distract from their symbolic layers the most frequent connotations, due to which the name becomes a germ by (self)narration each time updated by a female user.

13

ŠPIRÁLA POZNANIA ALEBO FUNKCIONALIZMUS A KOGNITIVIZMUS (V LEXIKOLÓGII) CEZ OPTIKU DVOCH KONGRESOVÝCH JUBILEÍ

70%

Jarošová A.

Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)

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2018

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tom 83

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nr 2

123 - 142

EN

On the occasion of the 20th Congress of Linguists, which was a manifestation of the dominance of the socio-cognitive paradigm, we compare the functionalist approach and the cognitive approach to understanding the nature of lexical meaning. Both theoretical frames have a strong explanatory dimension and are significantly compatible. Within a certain methodological synthesis, we examine the internal consistency as well as mutual compatibility of aspects of some models of meaning outlined or developed in the literature (V. Mathesius, J. Filipec, J. Dolník, D. Geeraerts, P. Hanks, J. Kořenský, M. Nagy). As a theoretically primary model, we find the one reflecting the processual character of language, i.e. meaning in actual speech and the assumptions of this process in the form of the meaning potential – the dynamically and probabilistically organized cognitive base, semantic-pragmatic network. Word represents a unilateral sign in this model. The compatibility of cognitivist interpretations with psychological and neurobiological knowledge should be regarded. The secondary model, i.e. a user-oriented presentation model (such as a lexicographical entry), has a more static character. It uses the presentational inventory of functional structural linguistics and “discretizes” the cognitive continuum into the form of bilateral units. This model is usage-based, so its basis is a large volume of the evidence of language usage that can be pre-processed by corpus tools into contextual patterns, i.e. “units” larger than the word, which is the characteristic feature of corpus approaches.

14

ANGER: EXPRESSING FEELINGS THROUGH IDIOMS AS AN EXAMPLE OF LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION OF REALITY (La colere: la manifestation des sentiments au moyen des expressions figées comme un exemple de la LRR)

60%

Lazarczyk M. , Wojciechowska A.

Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny

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2010

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tom 57

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nr 3

335-351

EN

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the world of feelings from the cognitive linguistics perspective. The authors have used more than 400 idioms from French, English and Polish to examine anger and its occurrence in language. Selected cognitive issues are sketched in the article and basic properties of idioms are defined and described. The authors compare syntactic schemes, study equivalence, metaphors, search for similarities and dissimilarities. As idioms are an integral part of each language, the analysis permits to discover linguistic representation of reality (LRR). Although anger is a common feeling, the studied material shows that the variety of idioms cause differences in the LRR.

15

Internalizm w wersjach de dicto i de re w kontekście sporu o kognitywizm metaetyczny

60%

Kuźniar A.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

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2011

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tom 39

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nr 4

5 - 24

EN

The present paper is devoted to a critical analysis of the de dicto internalist cognitivism (DDIC) theory presented by Jon Tresan. The result is not only a rejection of DDIC, but above all the strengthening of de re internalist non-cognitivism (DRIN) as the most adequate metaethical concept consistent with the position of internalism. DDIC makes the belief that something is morally good/wrong concepts distinctive far beyond necessity. This is due to the rejection of the that-clause, whereby, if a state of mind that a p concept applies to something, it necessarily applies to it, and the attribution to belief that something is morally good/wrong concepts of the status of further entailers, although the propositional content of each state of mind is its intrinsic and non-relational, and not extrinsic and relational, characteristic. Tresan does not notice the advantage of DRIN over his approach because in the course of the argument he confuses the level of concepts with that of terms. The advantages of DRIN are also linked to the ability to explain the source of metaethical disputes. The most important advantage of this approach, however, is its consistency with naturalistic moral realism, which deprives DDIC of the monopoly on being a theory compatible with both internalism and realism, devoid of metaphysical extravagance with regard to the ontological status of moral facts and properties.

16

Teoretyczne konteksty projektowania dydaktycznego kursów e-learningowych

51%

Neczaj-Świderska R.

Rocznik Andragogiczny

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2011

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tom R. 2011

94-106

EN

Learning technologies offer new opportunities to meet the rapidly growing demand for new, constructivist ways of learning (such as competency-based, collaborative or adaptive learning). The article discusses the fundamentals of use educational theory (behaviorism, constructivism, humanistic psychology, cognitivism) in instructional design e-learning courses. The author presents the role of pedagogical aspects of interaction design in online asynchronous distance education.