Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Granice państw Europy. Zróżnicowanie cech i funkcji

100%

Kałuski S.

Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs

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2015

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nr 3

9-30

EN

The aim of the article is to present differentiated features and functions of the contemporary Europe countries’ borders. We can notice an explicit dualism of forming their current course and meaning. The maps from va¬rious time periods in Europe are entirely different images. What contributed to it are changes of borders as a result of conquests, wars, separatist movements, disintegration of some countries and uniﬁcation of the others. There remained marks in the landscape: fortiﬁcations, bunkers and watchtowers. The idea of European integration was born in this area. There is even a popular saying “Europe without borders”. Right after the end of World War II, an idea of the United States of Europe was postulated and a few years later arose The Iron Curtain – a chain of heavily guarded borders that divided Europe into the two different political units. Its collapse started an age of diminishing obstacles regarding border barriers and ﬁnished up in a world phenomenon – Schengen area. These two trends indicated in the article are exempliﬁed with roles of spatial barriers as well as cross-border cooperation.

2

TATRA EUROREGION - A NEW QUALITY IN THE POLISH-SLOVAK COOPERATION (Euroregion Tatry - nowa jakosc wspólpracy polsko-slowackiej)

100%

Lewkowicz L.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2010

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nr 36

213-225-

EN

The Tatra Euroregion is a non-governmental organization which has actively and professionally implemented various trans-frontier operations in the shared Polish- Slovak borderland for the last 15 years. The Euroregion has well-functioning organizational structures. Since 1999, the Euroregion has managed European funds for the development of the Polish-Slovak borderland, enabling the implementation of the constitutional aims and assignments of the Euroregion. Cooperation in social and cultural fields is constantly among the prominent activities of the organization. This kind of collaboration is crucial for the borderland's evolution. It provides an effective environment for economic growth and pro-ecological activities, which are still not sufficiently developed here. An important step in the modernization of the Euroregions is the establishment of the 2008-2015 strategy. An organizational transition into the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation is planned for the near future.

3

CONFLUENCES: ON THE POSSIBILITY OF DESCRIBING A TRANSCULTURAL HISTORY OF THE (MICRO)LITERATURE – THE UPPER SILESIAN PERSPECTIVE

100%

Pospiszil-Hofmańska K.

World Literature Studies

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2022

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tom 14

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nr 3

60 - 78

EN

Any attempt to fully describe the history of a particular literature is doomed to fail. Such a description requires simplifications and generalizations, and necessitates selection. The same is true for literatures of contact zones, which are transcultural in their nature. The history of such literatures should reflect their character and accommodate their transcultural dimension. By using the example of Upper Silesian micro-literature, the author presents the challenges a researcher would be confronted with even while approaching literatures of small range, both geographically and in the number of recipients (micro-literatures), referring to the theory of polysystems and transcultural studies. She discusses the nodal points of the postulated transcultural history of Upper Silesian micro-literature, namely: 1) works in the Silesian language, 2) works in dominant languages, 3) translations, and 4) proposals for its literary canon. Concurrently, she argues that Upper Silesian literature cannot be examined in isolation from its transcultural context, the confluences of German and Slavic cultures, as well as the history of the cultural melting pot in which it was developed and the character of which is still noticeable today.

4

THE PAST, ROMANTICISM, LITERATURE

100%

Kasperski E.

Przegląd Humanistyczny

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2006

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tom 50

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nr 1(394)

11-24

EN

The article opens a discussion with two Stefan Kozak's works: 'Ukrainian Preromanticism', published in Ukrainian in 2003 and the book 'The Polish and the Ukrainian. In the Circle of Borderline Thought and Culture. Romanticism', published in 2005. It underlines the positive role of comparative literature in the studies on Polish-Ukrainian relationships. Furthermore, it indicates the new situation of Ukrainian Studies, which appeared after Ukraine had gained its independence. Being critical about certain Kozak's suggestions, the article advocates the need to preserve the name Borderland, referring to eastern land of the First Polish Republic, as well as to the situation until 1945, i.e. the moment when Borderland was wiped out of the Polish who had lived there since the 14th century. As far as the beginning of Ukrainian romanticism, the article finds the arguments inefficient, shifting the moment to the 1820s or even further, towards the end of the 18th century.

5

Uwarunkowania dialogu międzykulturowego na pograniczach

100%

Sadowski A.

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

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2013

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tom 21

89-106

EN

In this article the author tries to answer the question what are the internal and external conditions for intercultural dialogue are, with particular emphasis on the fringes of the Podlaskie region. As part of the introduction the author introduces and defines a new concept, cultularisation. Then, on the basis of the concept of intercultural dialogue as social dialogue, the author sets out the basic conditions of illustrating examples of the Podlaskie region.

6

CULTURE AND IDENTITY IN POLAND'S EASTERN BORDERLAND (Kultura i tozsamosc wschodniego pogranicza Polski)

100%

Szwed R.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2010

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nr 36

51-76

EN

The article deals with the compound nature as well as the territorial, political and cultural diversity of eastern Poland. Particular emphasis is put first on the historical rivalry of the Poles and the Russians, who both had strong national cultures and the will to exert great influence on the identity assumed by the population of eastern Poland. This political rivalry was accompanied by cultural rivalry. It was all later summed up in the unique cultural heritage and social and cultural separateness of the region. Today this region is composed of compact settlements of Lithuanians, Belarussians, and Ukrainians. The author discusses in detail the specific designates of the area still existing in its architecture, and in the languages and ethnic identity of the local people. His conclusion is that what we have here is not just one borderland of eastern Poland, but several different borderlands. Local buildings, dialects and local feelings of identity cannot be currently understood without narrations about their past, as well as a cultural revitalisation. Only then can the culture and identity be regained in the eastern region of Poland.

7

Wielokulturowość, dialog, pogranicze. Krzysztofa Czyżewskiego koncepcja etosu pogranicza w kontekście teorii wielokulturowości i dialogu

100%

Pawlus S.

Euro-Facta

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2010

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tom 2. Kultura a komunikacja

211-269

EN

In today’s world we can observe a considerable rise of society’s cultural diversity. Western societies are more and more internally differentiated and the word multiculturalism has become a part of our glossary for good. This phenomenon is, by many, seen as a threat to their own identity and integrity. A xenophobia, a fear of strangers appears. The alternative for this seems to be to blur diverse identities and efface differences between various groups. In connection with the emergence of these phenomena rise a need for a theoretical reflection aiming to resolve these problems. The matters of multiculturalism, dialogue and alterity call for explanation. The purpose of this article is to take into consideration dilemmas connected with the phenomenon multiculturalism by reaching into the fields of arts that are concerned with these problems – especially social sciences, philosophy of dialogue, and also Krzysztof Czyzewski’s conception. At first, the article reaches into the beginnings of the European reflection on the variety of cultures: deals with the issues of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism, examines the European culture’s way to dispose of its own ethnocentric closure and takes into consideration difficulties related with accepting a purely relativistic model of perceiving other cultures. Afterwards this work presents various conceptions and definitions of the term multiculturalism, as learning to know them helps to understand this phenomenon better. After outlining this background, the article reaches to the philosophy of dialogue, to seek, in the concepts of Buber, Rosenzweig, Levinas, and Tischner, answers to the dilemmas related to the necessity of living in modern, diversified communities. Philosophers of dialogue teach how to properly understand dialogue and the meeting with the other. In the philosophical perspective, they outline new thinking, which demands to see the essence of humanity in relation I-You, I-Other. The article tries to show how they emphasize, in different ways, the need to respect the autonomy of the other, which can not be rejected during the meeting. They interpret any attempt to blur the difference of the other, as a camouflaged way to convert what is strange and foreign to something mine and accepted. This leads thereby to identification of the other with me and to violation of its otherness. The work ends with Czyzewski’s concept of the ethos of the borderland. It becomes like a buckle that closes all previous considerations, showing how to solve the dilemmas of identity and otherness in multicultural areas. Ethos of the borderland, a kind of code of life at the intersection of cultures, religions and nations, sets the path of mutual recognition of each other’s identity in order to build agreement. It is not afraid of differences, and instead of removing them, it affirms them, to erect above them a bridge of meeting. The ethos teaches to perceive the existence of different cultures as a chance of mutual enrichment of various others. Forgotten, but present through the ages in the lands of Central Europe, the ethos of the borderland, rediscovered by Czyzewski, seems to be the answer to many of the numerous questions that increasingly multicultural Europe asks itself.

8

POLISH-SLOVAK TRANS-FRONTIER COOPERATION IN THE TATRA MOUNTAIN REGION AFTER 1918 (Polsko-slowacka wspólpraca transgraniczna w regionie Tatr po 1918 roku)

100%

Lewkowicz L.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2011

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nr 38

195-207

EN

The aim of this article is to analyse the most significant forms of trans-frontier cooperation on the Polish-Slovak common borderland since 1918. The analysis is presented chronologically, divided into stages. Polish-Czechoslovak trans-frontier cooperation is discussed in the first part of the article, including such issues as the original protected common areas, for example the Pieniny Mountains, and the convention on tourism signed in 1925. Between 1945 and 1993 the majority of the national parks in the Tatra and Sub-Tatra regions were established, and in 1956 a second Polish-Czechoslovak convention on tourism was signed. The last part of the article discusses the Trans-frontier Union of the Tatra Euroregion as a contemporarily institutionalised form of Polish-Slovak cooperation. The newest legal institution of the European Union, the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation, is also presented. The Euroregion's final goal is to be converted into this grouping in the near future.

9

Antropologia, historia a sprawa ukrainska. O taktyce pogranicza

88%

Zowczak M.

Lud

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2011

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tom 95

45-66

EN

There is a clear rift between actual aims and the potential of cultural anthropology, as the discipline directed at critical and reflexive study of contemporaneity, and its place in university structures and state institutions in Poland. This phenomenon is accompanied by the stereotype of ethnology and anthropology in common sense, inherited from ethnography, which in the past time was entangled in the politics of “folk”. The author discusses the reasons for the classification of anthropology as an auxiliary science of history, asks questions about scientific politics and emphasises the significance of an academic ethnographic laboratory as an original educational project. The author describes two examples presenting her experience of cooperation with historians. One is cooperation between the historians and the anthropologist at the Expert Committee of the Ministry of Education for the improvement of history and geography textbooks. The other is the cooperation between the anthropologist and the historian during the research project on contemporary cultural practices in the Polish-Ukrainian borderland. Both types of cooperation are linked by interest in the borderland, the concept which opens up a space for negotiations between anthropology and history. This concept has many meanings and is metaphorical, which could be a methodological trap. Therefore it was presented as the key category of those two specific projects. In the end the author describes her own research project as an attempt at the implementation of the critical anthropology of the borderland.

10

LISTY OSMANSKÝCH HODNOSTÁROV ADRESOVANÉ MIKULÁŠOVI PÁLFFYMU 1588 – 1594

88%

Celnar M.

Historický časopis (Historical Journal)

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2022

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tom 70

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nr 2

193 - 216

EN

The theme of the study is the relations and communication between Hungarian and Ottoman representatives in the Ottoman-Hungarian border region in the second half of the 16th century. The importance of these interactions is presented through the example of Ottoman letters addressed to the captain of Komárno and Nové Zámky, Mikuláš Pálffy. A total of 46 documents dating from 1588 till 1594 recount the everyday life in the border area. This communication aimed to resolve various matters, which were in the competences of afore mentioned Hungarian commander and Ottoman dignitaries. The common themes included prisoners and their ransom, litigations, providing protection and transportation across the border, trade and solving private matters.

11

TRANSGRESJA LOKALNOŚCI JAKO WYNIK MIGRACJI NA OBSZARZE POGRANICZA

88%

Wojakowski D.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2013

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tom 39

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nr 1(147)

129-147

EN

This article is devoted to analyzing how lifestyles typical in the modern world, related to migration and work, modify one's perspective on the local space in the context of a bor¬derland and become the basis for constructing a specific concept of locality. Such a concept, recognized in the researched cities of southern Poland, seems to be a regional (i.e. Central European) form of circumstances identified by R. Robertson as glocalization. The analysis of empirical material is preceded by a description of the theoretical sociological context of the researched phenomena, i.e. different ways researchers have framed space, with special attention given to relational concepts of space (M. Castells, J. Urry), which find their analogies in the empirical material. The analysis of individual interpretations of local space focuses on the issue of such representations of physical space, which underline its relational, network character. Next, the consequences of such an understanding of space for the interpretation of locality, i.e. all that can be described as close, homely, related to place, are analyzed. These consequences, termed as the extension and transgression of locality, do not follow solely from the assumptions concerning the nature of space made by the respondents. A factor responsible for reshaping their representation of locality is, first of all, migration in all its aspects and forms, i.e. emigration from the researched communities, immigration from the outside, internal and international migration, from rural to urban areas. In the specific conditions of the borderland it is possible to see that locality in the eyes of the respond¬ents crosses national and state boundaries. A vision of locality is reflexively confronted with an absolutist understanding of national and state space. In the testimonies there are visible attempts at lifting the border, contesting such an understanding of space. The choice of a relational, postmodern narration resembles the specific situation of borderland-ness of migrating persons.

12

PROCESSES OF NEGOTIATION AND CHANGE OF SOCIAL MEMORY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE VILLAGE OF PURDA WIELKA (Procesy negocjowania i zmiany pamieci spolecznej na pograniczu kulturowym na przykladzie wsi Purda)

75%

Margiela D. , Pazderski F. , Rogowski L.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2011

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nr 1(338)

177-201

EN

The article is a reflection on the social memory of the inhabitants of cultural borderlands. The text is based on the results of empirical studies carried out in the village of Purda Wielka in 1948 and 2005, and consists of three parts. Each part shows the mutual relations between the macro- and micro-cultural (macro- and micro-historical) perspective, describing how major social and historical events affected everyday life. Particular parts concern the following topics: 'everyday commemoration', forms of commemorating past events, and the impact of changes of the educational system on everyday life.

13

Powojenne osiedlanie pogranicza ziem czeskich po drugiej wojnie światowej i jego nowy kształt

75%

Capka F.

Rocznik Lubuski

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2009

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tom 35

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nr 1

124-134

EN

The settlement of the borderland after World War II was the biggest internal migration of people in the history of the Czech land. The process (including the forced migration) covered more than five million people. From the point of view of timing as well as organization the settlement was conducted simultaneously with the forced migration of the German population from Czechoslovakia, particularly from the Czech region, Moravia and the Czech Silesia. These were two sides of the same coin, two phases of the same process which were interrelated and conditioned each other. They were two integral elements of one phenomenon: reorganizing the ethnic structure of the Central and Eastern Europe after World War II and the extent of migration, particularly in the Czech area was unprecedented. Hence it is surprising that the research on this problem in the Czech historiography is delayed, compared for instance to the Polish historiography. The phenomenon triggered far-reaching changes which exerted a significant influence on the lives and thinking of millions of people over the following dozens of years.