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1

MAIN AND SECONDARY FUNCTIONS OF DERIVED VERBS IN ARABIC

100%

Zaborski A.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2006

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tom 48

165-189

EN

The aim of the paper is to give an overview of different functions of derived verbs in Arabic. 'Qattala' and its historical variant 'qatala' are multiplicative or pluractional with originally plural object (secondary functions: iterative, habitual, durative, progressive, intensive) as well as causative, including factitive.'Conative' function of 'qatala' verb is a secondary feature of lexically perfective verbs conditioned by the main multiplicative function which conditions also the 'comitative' feature. Many 'qattala' and 'qatala' verbs have the same meaning as their class I counterparts or do not have class I forms - some of them are remnants of the original Present corresponding to 'Akkadian iparrasu'. Some 'taqattala' and 'taqatala' as well as 'iqtatala' (< *itqatala) and 'istaqtala' forms are not only mediopassive or simply middle/reflexive but also transitive with the same meaning as corresponding forms No. I, II, III and IV since they are remnants of ancient periphrastic constructions with the auxiliary *ta- 'to become, to be', viz. Present '*yataqattalu/yataqatalu' (preserved in Berber) and Present Perfect '*yaptarisu' (a cognate of 'Akkadian iptarasu'). Also 'inqatala' verbs continue ancient periphrastic construction with nV- 'to be'. Denominative verbs common in the II, III and the IV and X class are at the origin of 'declarative', 'estimative', 'benefactive', 'directional' (e.g. 'sa'ada' 'to go to upper Egypt', 'aymana' 'to go to Yemen') and other values conditioned by either factitive function or by inherent lexical meaning not to mention context. 'Aqtala' class contains not only causative and denominative verbs but also simple transitive verbs which are remnants of a conjugation with 'yuqtilu' Imperfect which have been reinterpreted as members of this class and attached to 'aqtala' Perfect. Some 'istaqtala' verbs go back to '*it(a)saqtala'. Classes No. II, III, IX, XI–XV are related.

2

NAMES OF DISEASES IN CLASSICAL ARABIC

80%

Michalski M.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2006

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tom 48

67-83

EN

The aim of the paper is to comment on different strategies of coining the names of the diseases in classical Arabic and on their semantics. Every language has its own means of naming diseases. To some extent, ways of understanding the nature of pathological states are encoded in each language in a manner specific to it. This question was approached by the Classical Arab grammarians together with the rise of the linguistic thinking in this civilization. Sibawayhi is interested mainly in the morphological aspect of words that denote diseases wheras Al-Ta'alibi represents a lexicographer's point of view. Two principal verbal patterns expressing pathological states, KaTiBa and KuTiBa, must be taken into consideration when speaking of naming diseases in Classical Arabic. Some interesting semantic implications result from formal affinities with other verbs which do not denote diseases. Also adjectives can be informative of how Arabic speakers conceive of diseases. There are numerous strategies of coining names of diseases in this language, many of which are based upon interesting metaphors.

3

A SEARCH FOR SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTIONS IN ARABIC

80%

Drozdík L.

Asian and African Studies

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2008

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tom 17

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nr 1

3-16

EN

The study aims at providing a short summary of issues associated with verb sequencing and, more specifically, verb serializing in some of the world languages, and to confront them with the linguistic situation of Arabic. Since the analytic structures stand relatively closer to the process of sequencing than fully inflected synthetic ones, the evidence gathered from the colloquial varieties of Arabic will constitute the chief material basis for the present inquiry.

4

THE ARABIC LOANS IN DANGALEAT

80%

Baldi S.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2007

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tom 49

7-38

EN

Dangaleat is a Chadic language that has enough documentation, considering the other languages of this group (Newman 1996: 149). We have the chance to use two dictionaries: one for the two main dialects. In a paper read at Third Biennial International Colloquium on the Chadic Languages held at Villejuif (Baldi 2005), there were some considerations about Arabic loans in western Dangaleat, based on Father Fédry's dictionary, because at that time the author did not have access to Father Montgolfier's dictionary. After having had access to the latter, it was possible to compare the influence of Arabic on both dialects of Dangaleat, examining all Arabic loans collected in both dictionaries. Words were considered of Arabic origin in spite of any information given by the authors, sometimes misleading (i.e.: lokomo 'dromadaire' considered of Arabic origin by Fédry and not from Berber) or not recording the entry as of Arabic (i.e. dahiye 'fete musulmane' in Montgolfier's dictionary). Another particularity about Dangaleat (for both dialects) regards the fact that many of Arabic loans arrived through Dajo, that forms a linguistic group of eight sections geographically distinct and spread in Sudan and Chad and they are: mongo, sila, nyala, bego, nyalgulgule, lagawa, shatt et liguri (Thelwall 1981: 1). Dajo is characterised by affixes to adjectives and possessive and demonstratives pronouns which follow nouns. These affixes are incorporated in loans from Arabic and are found in loans that arrived in Dangaleat via Dajo. Unfortunately we do not have a Dajo dictionary to be able fully to study this aspect of the lexicon.

5

THE STRUCTURE OF NON-FINITE RELATIVE CLAUSES IN ARABIC

70%

Drozdik L.

Asian and African Studies

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2009

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tom 18

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nr 2

210-231

EN

The function, played by the non-finite relative clauses (RCs), is not free from ambiguous interpretations oscillating between attributive modification and predication. The same holds true of the syntactic contexts where these disputed linguistic constructions operate: simple sentences with embedded attributive phrases or complex sentences with autonomous RCs? The following text aims to show that the difference between these two interpretations results from arbitrary criteria and the duality of finite and non-finite RCs is a matter of different relative-clause-forming strategies.

6

NÁVRH NA VEDECKÝ SYSTÉM PREPISU Z ARABČINY PODĽA SPISOVNEJ NORMY A ČIASTOČNÚ VOKALIZÁCIU. 3. DIEL ČIASTOČNÁ VOKALIZÁCIA

60%

Lacináková M.

Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)

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2021

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tom 86

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nr 3

279 – 291

EN

This paper is the third part of the three part’s study presenting recommendations for the transcription of Arabic texts into Latin script in Slovak scientific – mainly linguistic works, based on the author’s own experience. When transcribing Arabic words into a different sign system for the purposes of such works, one often considers it useful that their transcribed forms be accompanied by the original ones. In most Arabic texts, orthographic and orthoepic signs are usually not written. The system of partial vocalization of Arabic texts suggested here (for the cases where it is needed or helpful) was mainly inspired by the author’s own experience with the problems stemming from a lack of such a system, which would (and hopefully will) enhance the work of an editor, linguist, as well as that of a teacher of Arabic concerning its written form.

7

AGREEMENT IN THE ARABIC RELATIVE CLAUSES

60%

Drozdík L.

Asian and African Studies

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2006

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tom 15

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nr 2

113 - 132

EN

Agreement patterns are analyzed in the relative clauses which we classify as disjunctive, i.e. clauses with co-referential terms Ant(ecedent) and Rel(ative pronoun) co-occurring as the independent entities. The Ant-Rel agreement in the syntactic context examined, by transferring the government-imposed status of Ant from the main to the subordinate (relative) clause, fails to display the syntactic position of the Rel-represented Ant from the perspective of the relative clause. From this point of view, the conflict between Ant-Rel agreement and Rel-centred government will be studied on the case representation, real or virtual, with the linking operator 'allauá'.

8

NÁVRH NA VEDECKÝ SYSTÉM PREPISU Z ARABČINY PODĽA SPISOVNEJ NORMY A ČIASTOČNÚ VOKALIZÁCIU. 2. DIEL: ARABSKÝ TEXT VO VZŤAHU K SLOVENSKÉMU SYNTAKTICKÉMU OKOLIU

60%

Lacináková M.

Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)

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2021

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tom 86

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nr 2

173 – 191

EN

This paper is the second part of the three part`s study presenting recommendations for the transcription of Arabic texts into Slovak in scientific – mainly linguistic works, based on the author`s own experience. The present part focuses on the transcription – or rather adoption and adaptation of Arabic words and expressions to be incorporated into the Slovak system of declination for the purposes of usage in Slovak syntactic surroundings. The task may seem easy but this premature impression proves to be precarious mainly but not only when dealing with personal proper names.