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1

Bratrská šlechta v Čechách a na Moravě v 16. a 17. století a nové možnosti jejího výzkumu

100%

Just J.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2018

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tom 33

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nr 1

5-28

EN

The study concentrates on a group of the Unity of Brethren nobility that played the role of patrons and protectors of minority confessional community of the Unity of Brethren in Bohemia and Moravia in the 16th and 17th century. It strives to describe new research possibilities in the area of its territorial concentration and its relation towards book culture.

2

Výchova a vzdělávání českobratrské šlechty : příspěvek ke konfesionalizaci nobility v 16. a raném 17. století

100%

Holý M.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2018

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tom 33

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nr 1

29-45

EN

Based on an analysis of official, private and literary sources, the presented study deals with various forms of education of the Unity of Brethren nobility during the period preceding the Battle of White Mountain, namely from its beginning in the so called fraucimor (women’s quarters), through school education both in the Czech Lands and abroad, up to the grand tours which were the conclusion of the educational process of the nobility. Attention is paid not only to boys but also to girls. The last part of the study deals with the links between the upbringing and education of the Unity of Brethren nobility and their confessional identity. It focuses mainly on various influences that could affect the children and youth. However, at the same time, it maintains that the influence of personal and other factors on the creation of confessional identity of individuals from the noble ranks of the 16th and early 17th century is rather difficult to decipher.

3

Vrchnostenská privilegia pro sbory Jednoty bratrské na základě knihy fundací

84%

Růčková M.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2018

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tom 33

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nr 1

97-124

EN

Property basis and economic security of congregations of the Unity of Brethren were not based only on their own property; their economic development was enabled also thanks to favors of religiously allied nobility who provided the Unity of Brethren with means - in the form of various movable endowments and intangible support - for their activities. The provision of tangible and intangible gifts and other privileges, the aim of which was the benefit of the congregations of the Unity of Brethren as well as the actual donors’ benefit, was certified by legal acts, either in the form of a deed or in the form of commemorative entries in town, mayors’ and other types of official books kept in the town or nobility office. Transcriptions of nobility privileges for the congregations of the Unity of Brethren from the territory of southern and south-eastern Moravia are captured in the book of foundations which is deposited in the Akta Braci Czeskich Fund in the State Archive in Poznań. The study addresses diplomatic and content analysis of 89 privileges from the period 1507-1593 that are recorded in the above mentioned book of foundations.

4

Mezi luteránstvím, utrakvismem a jednotou bratrskou : Konfesní profilace rodových větví Valdštejnů na přelomu 16. a 17. století

84%

Hrbek J.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2018

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tom 33

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nr 1

69-95

EN

Using an example of the Czech noble Waldstein family, the article addresses an important issue of whether a confession could serve as an element unifying members of a certain noble family or its ancestral branches in the multi-confessional environment in Bohemia in the period preceding the Battle of White Mountain. Based on an analysis of fates and confessional profiling of the individual members of the Waldstein family the article offers a coherent picture of the religious history of the family in the second half of the 16th century and at the beginning of the 17th century. It thus strives to find factors that can, also at the general level, reveal whether a given nobleman professed Catholicism, conservative Utraquism, Utraquism, Lutheranism or the teaching of the Unity of Brethren.

5

První československá pozemková reforma jako faktor zahraniční politiky : příspěvek k málo známému aspektu československo-rakouských vztahů v letech 1918-1938

84%

Horčička V. , Županič J.

Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)

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2019

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tom 26

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nr 4

449-471

EN

The authors analyze the course of the Czechoslovak land reform carried out in the interwar period and affecting farmsteads owned by citizens of the Austrian Republic. Based mainly on documents from Czech and Austrian archives, the study proves that the land reform had, for many reasons, a potential to have an adverse impact on relations between Czechoslovakia and Austria. First and foremost, Austrians, in particular noble families, owned vast land holdings in Czechoslovakia, the total area of which was approximately 200,000 hectares, and the Austrian government was not in a position to ignore potential losses. The owners were facing a substantial reduction of their land holdings and hefty financial losses. The compensation which the Czechoslovak state paid for the expropriated land was below the market price and, at the same time, large farmsteads were suffering from high property duties. Attempts of the Austrian owners to force the government in Vienna to decisively defend their interests were ultimately unsuccessful. As a matter of fact, problems associated with the land reform, their unquestionable gravity notwithstanding, were of minor importance for it. The interest of the governments in Vienna and Prague was focusing mainly on huge economic, trade and financial problems of Austria which had to rely on the assistance of the victorious powers. The Austrian diplomacy was therefore evading any land reform-related conflict with Prague and was attempting to influence its course by peaceful means. However, the authors have presented concrete examples showing that the accommodating attitude of Vienna did not result in any tangible benefits for the landowners; compared to landowners in other countries, including Germany, they received less in financial compensations and tax reliefs in the interwar Czechoslovakia.

CS

Autoři věnují analýze průběhu československé pozemkové reformy, která byla prováděna v meziválečném období, na statcích vlastněných občany Rakouské republiky. Studie, založená především na materiálech z českých a rakouských archivů, prokazuje, že reforma měla z více důvodů potenciál negativně ovlivnit československo-rakouské vzájemné vztahy. V prvé řadě Rakušané, zejména příslušníci aristokracie, v Československu vlastnili velký pozemkový majetek o celkovém rozsahu zhruba dvě stě tisíc hektarů, takže eventuální ztráty na něm nemohla rakouská vláda ignorovat. Majitelům hrozilo nejen podstatné zmenšení rozlohy velkostatků, ale i nezanedbatelná finanční újma. Státem vyplácená náhrada za vyvlastněnou půdu nedosahovala tržní ceny a současně byly na velkostatky uvaleny citelné majetkové dávky. Pokusy rakouských vlastníků přimět vládu ve Vídni k rozhodné obraně jejich zájmů však nakonec nebyly úspěšné. Problémy spojené s pozemkovou reformou totiž pro ni byly přes svou nespornou závažnost přece jen vedlejší záležitostí. V centru zájmu vlád ve Vídni i v Praze ležely především obrovské hospodářské, obchodní a finanční problémy Rakouska, které bylo odkázáno na pomoc vítězných mocností. Rakouská diplomacie se tak v zásadě vyhýbala střetu s Prahou kvůli pozemkové reformě a snažila se její průběh ovlivnit smírnými prostředky. Jak ale autoři doložili na konkrétních příkladech, vstřícné vystupování Vídně nepřineslo postiženým velkostatkářům hmatatelné výhody, když ve srovnání s pozemkovými vlastníky jiných států včetně Německa v meziválečném Československu získali za vyvlastněný majetek nižší finanční náhrady a daňové úlevy.