In the essay various ways of time experience and differences in time perspective at the end of the Century are presented. The thesis is that our époque creates temporal framework in which personal and inner time ordering become more important than patterning time in external sources. Some predictions concerning opportunities and threats in personality development were formulated in the context of time psychology.
In the theory of scientific cognition most neglected side are individual differences in cognitive preferences and mind types. Specifically this differences can be described on the basis of Jung’s theory of two basic pairs the functions of consciousness (sensing versus intuition; thinking versus feeling). In the context of this theory the consciousness isn’t a kind of neutral operator in functioning of human mind. This simple and complete typology create the four mind types with characteristic tendency to discovering, defining and solving the definite scientific problems. In the article each type is described in the terms of specific cognitive preferences and aversions. The general line of argumentation is that interaction between problem space (in the objective meaning) and mind type are important for more complete and psychologically valid description of scientific cognition.
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W artykule podjęto próbę połączenia komponent doświadczenia religijnego w formie numinosum (koncepcja Rudolfa Otto) z cechami poznania B (cognition of Being Abrahama Maslowa). Zwraca się uwagę na komplementarność tych koncepcji. Doświadczenie numinosum (misterium tremendum) obejmuje emocje i uczucia, a poznanie B wiąże się z harmonijnym dążeniem do ujmowania całości oraz respektowania prawdy, piękna i dobra jako wielkiej trójki wartości. Różnice indywidualne w drogach religijności, łączących numinosum z poznaniem B, charakteryzuje się jako różnice zdeterminowane typami świadomości (teoria Carla Junga). Analizuje się cztery podstawowe drogi religijności.
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This article attempts at integration of the basic components of the concept of numinosum (as understood in the theological theory developed by R. Otto) and the attributes of cognition of Being (as understood in A. Maslow's theory). It must be stressed that the both theoretical frameworks are complementary. Experience of numinosum (misterium tremendum) represents an invariant in terms of the manifested emotions and feelings, while cognition of Being involves the tendency to searching for, capturing and evaluation of a whole from the context of personal values. Four ways to religion (experience of numinosum) are described as related to different types of consciousness according to Jung's theory of psychological types.
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