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2 Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL

2 Miłek K.

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Miłek K.

Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL

2008

tom 4

nr 1 Prawo

251-268

The article is devoted to the issue of criminal penalty. This problem has been the subject of investigation of a antique representatives of various sciences, in particular, Philosophy and Law. During the development of philosophical and legal thinking on the nature of criminal punishment, there are two opposite views that exist today under the name of the absolute theory of punishment and the relative theory of punishment. The concepts of absolute theory proceed from the assumption that punishment is primarily an act of retribution by the state for offenders to be made by the offense. The relative theories recognize that punishment is an instrument that is designed to meet specific goals: improving the criminals, crime prevention, education of the public. In the face of these extreme concepts it seems the most appropriate to combine the elements of both theories of punishment (concepts mixed), with a focus on the issue of retribution for the offender's conduct detrimental to the applicable standards of law. This approach combines the philosophical considerations with practice. The attainment of apenalty, in particular by improving the offender, is difficult to reach, and in many cases even impossible, and the best proof to that is the phenomenon of recidivism.

Szacunek i uznanie dla służb penitencjarnych jako warunek efektywnego wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności

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Miłek K.

Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL

2009

tom 5

nr 1 Prawo

69-83

The article is devoted to the problem of execution of incarceration and the organs responsible for it. The author points to differences in views of punishment for crime and to the question of inflicting it; he also stresses that one of the most important conditions for effective execution of incarceration is respect and recognition for the work of the Prison Service. The low pay that prison officers receive, shortage of personnel in penitentiaries, shortcomings and faults of the prison infrastructure that in many cases is obsolete and does not meet modern standards, are some of the many problems that the Polish prison system has to tackle. All these negative facts, in consequence, very unfavorably influence rehabilitation effects in the prisoners.