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EN
Paper is devoted to the anthropology of a gardener regarded within the context of metonymic and metaphoric activity of a postmodern subject; in theoretical perspective it discusses Gellner’s conception of the “symmetrical” and “asymmetrical” cultures. A set of photographs by Wojciech Prażmowski is a direct object of analysis (Ogrody polskie, Exhibition in the City Galery of Art, Częstochowa 2001, documented also in a book edition). Photographic conceptualization of Prażmowski is an outstanding testimony of the change within anthropological and artistic paradigms of considering the topic of garden and gardener, which enables the construal of a wider social and communicational diagnosis of the changes within contemporary culture.
EN
Presented topic includes following issues: 1) hidden dictatorship of the attitudes of ‘nasty people’ (‘diminishers’) and its influence on social relations; 2) strategies of depreciation that are used by ‘nasty people” (sowing incertitude, projections, generalizations, adjudications, psycho manipulations, hidden attacks, conflicting signals, provocations, creating illusory situations without exit); 3) verbal and extraverbal manifestations of the archetypes of ‘tormentor/victim’, ‘hunter/ hunted’, ‘attack/escape’ within the activity of ‘nasty people’; 4) long-term violation of the rules of symbolic interactionism by ‘diminishers’. In terms of methodological contexts there are taken mainly concepts of Jay Carter, Eric Berne, Herbert Blumer and Jean Baudrillard. Among historical contexts there is reference to the concept of neurotic personality (Freud, Horney) within the anthropological framework of seduction attitudes and communication play of evident/hidden. The analysis is proceeded on a set of artifacts that constitute oppressive ‘daily practices’.
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Content available Pojęcie pola metaforycznego w poetyce kognitywnej
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EN
The paper presents basic conceptualisations of the metaphoric field in the views of N. Babuts, G. Lakoff, M. Johnson, M. Turner, R. W. Gibbs, and R. Tsur. In the course of considering these views the following problems are discussed: differentiation of the conceptual from linguistic metaphors, hypothesis of a cognitive base for linguistic creation of poetical tropes, creation of poetical figures in relation to standard metaphors in natural language, dynamics of the processes of conceptual and linguistic métaphorisations, categories of the mental image and of the vantage point. The whole discussion is placed within a context of the two basic paradigms of cognitive science - mental and empirical.
EN
While reconstructing the subject of fairy-like borderland I consecutively discuss the problems of literary topography as a spatial figure of experiencing evil, next releasing the conflict and creation of domesticated seats and internalization and projection of fairy-like evil. In the conclusion I emphasize the tension between internal and social maturation of the hero and the semantics of the threshold and transgression as a special way of lexical organization of the fairytale form referring these problems onto theoretical and analytical contexts of postmodern culture. Because while being on the borderland fairytale characters experience evil of mainly situational character I accept in my analysis the basic assumptions of the phenomenological-existential philosophy of Gabriel Marcel dealing with the situation in which evil is encountered and experienced by specific subjects.  
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