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1

Interannual fidelity to roosting habitat and flight paths by female western barbastelle bats

100%

Hillen J. , Kiefer A. , Veith M.

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2010

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tom 12

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nr 1

EN

The roost area selection of reproductive female western barbastelles was examined throughout four study seasons (2004–2007) via radio-tracking and automated acoustic monitoring. We specifically analysed the spatial structure of the roosting habitat and roost fidelity including a flight path connecting the roosts. We radio-tracked 13 colony members to 46 natural roosts, mainly dead oaks with large pieces of loose bark. Simultaneous tracking of four pairs of females revealed the existence of subgroups and fission-fusion-behaviour in Barbastella barbastellus. The colony displayed fidelity to the roost area rather than to single roost trees, although some trees were reused in two or three study seasons. Bimodal activity patterns obtained from acoustic monitoring indicated that the flight path connecting two core roosting areas functioned as a commuting corridor.

2

A new species of long-eared bat (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from Sardinia (Italy)

100%

Mucedda M. , Kiefer A. , Pidinchedda E. , Veith M.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2002

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tom 04

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nr 2

EN

We describe a new species of long-eared bat, genus Plecotus, from the island of Sardinia (Italy). The new species is clearly distinguishable from other European Plecotus species by its mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene (4.1-9.6% sequence divergence) as well as by a unique combination of morphological characters such as brownish colour of dorsal pelage, a relatively large thumb and thumb claw, an almost cylindrical form of the penis and the characteristic shape of the baculuin. The most important morphological diagnostic character is a relatively long (> 18 mm) and wide (> 6 mm) tragus. The new species is currently known from three localities on Sardinia. In addition to the new species we discovered a lineage of P. auritus, which is substantially differentiated from continental P. auritus at subspecific level (1.2-2.7% of sequence divergence of the 16S rRNA gene). The existence of these two endemic bat taxa on Sardinia highlights the island’s importance in the conservation of the European bat community.

3

Echolocation signals of the plecotine bat, Plecotus macrobullaris Kuzyakin, 1965

88%

Dietrich S. , Szameitat D. P. , Kiefer A. , Schnitzler H.-U. , Denzinger A.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2006

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tom 08

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nr 2

EN

Plecotus macrobullaris was recorded in an alpine region in Switzerland. Like other species of the genus Plecotus, P. macrobullaris emitted multiharmonic, downward frequency-modulated signals consisting mostly of the 1st and the lower part of the 2nd harmonic. Signal structure depended on the distance to the background. The shortest signals (0.8 ms) were recorded close to the background. The first harmonic began at about 46 kHz and ended around 23 kHz. Signals were emitted in groups. The longest signals (up to 7.3 ms) were recorded above a meadow, far from background targets. These signals, which were more shallowly modulated, started at about 42 kHz and ended around 15 kHz. They occasionally lacked the 2nd harmonic and were often emitted only every 2nd or 3rd wing beat cycle. In short signals of up to 4 ms, the 1st and 2nd harmonic did not overlap, whereas overlap was prominent in longer signals. Although P. macrobullaris is genetically more closely related to P. auritus, its signal structure is closer to that of P. austriacus. Taking further evidence from morphological data, signal structure, and flight behaviour into account, we conclude that P. macrobullaris occupies a similar niche in mountainous areas as P. austriacus does in the lowland.

4

Cryptic Diversity in Mongolian Vespertilionid Bats (Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera, Mammalia). Results of the Mongolian-German Biological Expeditions Since 1962, No. 299

63%

Datzmann T. , Dolch D. , Batsaikhan N. , Kiefer A. , Helbig-Bonitz , Zophel U. , Stubbe M. , Mayer F.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2012

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tom 14

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nr 2

EN

In contrast to the Eastern Palaearctic region a high degree of cryptic diversity was discovered among temperate bats of the Western Palaearctic region in the last ten years. Climatic oscillations caused severe changes in the distribution of species throughout the Palaearctic region during the Pleistocene. Exploring multiple taxa can help to understand general evolutionary differentiation processes. In the present study genetic variation within and among 94 Mongolian vespertilionid bats of six genera (Hypsugo, Eptesicus, Vespertilio, Myotis, Plecotus, and Nyctalus) was screened by sequencing a 798 bp fragment of the mitochondrial ND1 gene and then subsequently compared with those of Western Palaearctic taxa. This allowed first insights in the differentiation among a wide range of bats across the Palaearctic region. A total of 16 distinct mitochondrial lineages were found in Mongolia. Thirteen lineages differed by at least five percent sequence divergence from Western Palaearctic species. Only three lineages (Eptesicus nilssonii, Vespertilio murinus, and Nyctalus noctula) showed lower divergence values. Our data demonstrate a substantial differentiation between most Western and Eastern Palaearctic vespertilionid bats. Estimations of divergence times showed that most divergence appeared prior to the Pleistocene, but current distributions of bats were most likely shaped by the usage of multiple refugia during glaciations.