Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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A cognitive-grammaticalization model of the BE NAA... LA construction i Basse Mandinka

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Andrason A.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2013

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nr 1(9)

65-114

EN

The present paper provides a detailed description and analysis of the meaning of the BE NAA…LA form in Basse Mandinka within the cognitive and grammaticalization framework. On the one hand, the author designs the exact range of the semantic potential of the BE NAA…LA form by enumerating all possible senses which this construction can convey. On the other hand, he demonstrates that the considerable polysemy offered by the BE NAA…LA form may be networked, holistically grasped and dynamically explained by making use of two chaining templates based upon two distinct evolutionary paths, viz. the future perfect path and the venitive path. As a result, the meaning of the BE NAA…LA form is viewed as an amalgamation of two semantic spaces organized along two different paths. This amalgamation has its roots in a formal merger of the two underlying input expressions, which constitute the conceptual and diachronic sources of the two paths, and in a partial semantic overlap of the semantic domains available along these two evolutionary templates.

2

From Coordination to Verbal Serialization – The PÓJŚĆ (Serial Verb) Construction in Polish

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Andrason A. , University of Stellenbosch , andrason@sun.ac.za

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EN

The present paper studies the PÓJŚĆ gram in Polish – a construction composed of the verb pójść ‘walk’ and another inflected verb. The author demonstrates that the PÓJŚĆ can be represented as a set of stages on the path linking bi-clausality/bi-verbiness and mono-clausal/mono-verbiness. Specifically, it spans the section ranging from a non-canonical, less cohesive instantiation of a serial verb construction (SVC) (in which it overlaps with asyndetic coordination) to a canonical instantiation of SVC (in which it complies with the SVC prototype to a large extent). Accordingly, the study corroborates the view that SVCs may derive from asyndetic coordination and, by accumulating properties associated with different parts of the clausality/verbiness continuum, gradually develop towards SVC. This gradualness is not only diachronic, but may also be observed synchronically.

3

CONTRIBUTION TO MANDINKA DIALECTOLOGY – BASSE MANDINKA VERSUS STANDARD GAMBIAN MANDINKA

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Andrason A.

Asian and African Studies

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2014

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tom 23

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nr 1

110 – 139

EN

This article provides a detailed overview of the most distinctive features of Basse Mandinka (a Mandinka variety used in Basse, the capital of the Upper River Division in the easternmost part of Gambia) as compared with Standard Gambian Mandinka (a normalized Mandinka language, widely employed in Gambia). Based upon his own original fieldwork dedicated to Basse Mandinka, the author lists all the dissimilarities between the two tongues, whether they concern phonetics and phonology, lexicon, morphology and morphosyntax, as well as the usage (i.e. an exact range of functional and semantic properties of certain grams). The author concludes that despite the profound similarity of the Mandinka varieties in question, their differences are not insignificant and span across all the levels of the two systems, from the referential vocabulary to the core grammar.

4

Semantics of the ta construction in Basse Mandinka

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Andrason A.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2011

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nr 2(6)

223-246

EN

The present paper provides an analysis of the meaning conveyed by the ‘ta construction’ – a verbal category derived by means of the suffix -ta in a regional variety of Gambian Mandinka spoken in Basse and neighboring villages. The evidence demonstrates that the formation may be employed as a present, past and future perfect, a definite past tense (perfective, simple and durative), a stative and a present tense. The form in -ta is likewise used in conditional protases with a modal shade of meaning. In such cases, it conveys the idea of real future possibility or introduces unreal counterfactual hypothetical situations. As far as text linguistic properties are concerned, the construction appears both in discourse (dialogues) and narration (written and recited). It is a principal form of the narrative foreground, being nevertheless able to introduce background information.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia dogłębną analizę znaczeń charakteryzujących konstrukcję czasownikową języka mandinka, tworzoną przez dodanie do tematu czasownika przyrostka -ta (tzw. ta construction). Przedstawione dane - zebrane podczas prac badawczych na terenie miasta Basse i jego okolic we wschodniej Gambii pozwalają stwierdzić, że formacja ta może funkcjonować jako perfektum (czasu teraźniejszego, przeszłego oraz przyszłego), czas przeszły (dokonany, prosty - tzw. praeteritum - oraz duratywny), statyczny (właściwy i z implikacjami rezultatywnymi) oraz czas teraźniejszy prosty. W użyciu pasywnym opisywana konstrukcja ma zarówno znaczenie dynamiczne, jak i statyczne. Forma na ta jest ponadto używana w poprzedniku (protasis) zdań warunkowych, gdzie - będąc silnie nacechowana walorem modalnym - wprowadza wydarzenia przyszłe, ewentualne i możliwe bądź też sytuacje hipotetyczne, nierealne i kontrfaktyczne. Ponadto w odniesieniu do wartości tekstowych formacja pojawia się zarówno w dyskursie, jak i w narracji (pisanej lub recytowanej). We fragmentach narracyjnych badana konstrukcja wprowadza zwykle wydarzenia należące do pierwszego planu (foreground) historii, będąc jednak w stanie dostarczać informacji drugoplanowych (background).

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PERFECTIVE FORM IN ARUSA – A COGNITIVE-GRAMMATICALIZATION MODEL

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Andrason A. , Karani M.

Asian and African Studies

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2017

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tom 26

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nr 1

69 – 101

EN

The present paper studies the semantics of the so-called perfective (PFV) form in Arusa (Maasai), using the model of the dynamic (one- and two-dimensional) semantic maps. The analysis demonstrates that PFV is a broad, semi-advanced resultative-path gram. It spans large sections of the two sub-paths of the resultative path: the anterior path (present perfect, perfective and non-perfective past, as well pluperfect and future perfect) and the simultaneous path (present stative). However, the PFV form is incompatible with the input sense of the resultative path (a resultative proper present) and the most advanced stages of the two sub-paths (non-stative present and progressive past). If the information related to prototypicality is included, the map adopts the shape of a wave with the prototypicality peaks located in the area of a perfective past and, to a lesser degree, a present perfect. The senses of a non-perfective past and a stative present are less prototypical. Other senses (pluperfect, future perfect and counterfactual irrealis) are non-prototypical, contributing minimally to the gram’s semantics.

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Affordances perspective and grammaticalization: Incorporation of language, environment and users in the model of semantic paths

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Andrason A. , Visser M.

Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching

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2015

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tom 5

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nr 4

663-696

EN

The present paper demonstrates that insights from the affordances perspective can contribute to developing a more comprehensive model of grammaticalization. The authors argue that the grammaticalization process is afforded differently depending on the values of three contributing parameters: the factor (schematized as a qualitative-quantitative map or a wave of a gram), environment (understood as the structure of the stream along which the gram travels), and actor (narrowed to certain cognitive-epistemological capacities of the users, in particular to the fact of being a native speaker). By relating grammaticalization to these three parameters and by connecting it to the theory of optimization, the proposed model offers a better approximation to realistic cases of grammaticalization: The actor and environment are overtly incorporated into the model and divergences from canonical grammaticalization paths are both tolerated and explicable.

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Materials for the Vilamovicean Dictionary – the letter Z

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Andrason A. , Król T.

Annales Neophilologiarum

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2013

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nr 7

5-29

EN

This paper introduces the reader to the results of the lexicographic project entitled Dictionary of the Vilamovicean Language, carried out by Alexander Andrason and Tymoteusz Król from 2008 to 2011. The project aimed at providing the Polish and international public with a trustful comprehensive description of the lexical potential of the Vilamovicean idiom in its contemporaneous state. The authors first explain the sources of the collected evidence as well as the methodology of the research that underlay the composition of the glossary. Next, the organization of entries is explained in detail. After that, an exemplary portion of the dictionary dedicated to words beginning with the letter z is presented.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki leksykograficznego projektu badawczego pt. Słownik języka wilamowskiego, prowadzonego przez Alexandra Andrasona i Tymoteusza Króla od roku 2008 do 2011. Projekt ów miał za zadanie opracowanie dogłębnego opisu współczesnego słownictwa języka wilamowskiego, który byłby dostępny zarówno dla czytelnika polskiego jak i angielskiego. Autorzy rozpoczynają swą pracę od wyjaśnienia zródeł zebranych słów, metodologicznych zasad badań nad słownikiem oraz sposobu jego organizcji, przestawiając następnie przykładowy fragment leksykonu, mianowicie część zawierającą słowa zaczynające się od litery Z.

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GRAMMAR OF CONATIVE ANIMAL CALLS: THE CASE OF TOGO-TEŊU KAN OF DOUROU (DOGON)

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Andrason A. , Sagara I.

Asian and African Studies

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2024

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tom 33

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nr 1

48 - 96

EN

This article offers the first systematic account of the grammar of conative animal calls (CACs) in the family of Dogon languages. After analysing the meaning and form of 57 CACs in a Dogon variety spoken in the village of Dourou in Mali – the so-called Togo-Teŋu-Kan of Dourou – the authors conclude the following: the category of CACs in Togo-Teŋu Kan of Dourou largely complies with the cross-linguistic prototype of CACs in terms of its semantics, phonetics, morphology, and syntax and exhibits a considerable extent of extra-systematicity when compared to the lexical classes of the sentence grammar of this language. While these results generally corroborate the validity of the prototype of CACs posited in scholarship, the authors also propose a few, more or less fundamental, theoretical refinements and argue for a more prominent incorporation of the eco-linguistic evidence into the study of CACs.