A new case of reciprocal translocation t(10;13)(q16;q21) was detected in a hybrid boar (Large White ? Pietrain ? Duroc ? Hampshire) from an artificial insemination (AI) station. Altogether, 258 sires of 4 pure breeds as well as hybrid lines and crossbreeds were investigated. The diagnosis was based on classical cytogenetic examination following the standard protocols of lymphocyte cultures, Giemsa staining and G-, C- and Ag-I banding techniques. The population screening performed was an initial part of a long-term karyotype control system of boars kept at AI stations, which was started by the National Research Institute of Animal Production in Poland in 2007.
Cytogenetic studies, carried out between 1978 - 1998 at the National Research Institute of Animal Production resulted in identification of several chromosomal aberrations as follows: chromosomal chimerism XX/XY in cattle, sheep and horses, Robertsonian translocations and sex chromosome trisomy in cattle, reciprocal translocations in pigs and sheep, pericentric inversion in pigs. The influence of Robertsonian and reciprocal translocations on fertility of aberration carriers was evaluated and economic losses in pigs due to decreased fertility were calculated. In the light of these results it is advisable to continue cytogenetic control of farm animals in Poland, mainly males being used in reproduction.
C-banding identified centromeric heterochromatin polymorphism, most often located in a pair no 16, was a basis for selecting animals for the experiment.The aim of the experiment was to assess the impact of centromeric heterochromatin polymorphism on pig fertility, expressed by litter size.The research included the first two litters obtained from 30 pairs of parent with different genotypes as regards the parameter under study.A statistical analysis of the number of offspring from different mating types showed no significant differences between the experimental groups of animals.The results obtaned did not confirm suggested correlation between polymorphism of the centromeric heterochromatin regons and pig fertility, estimated by mean size.Thus the polymorphism cannot be regarded as a selection criterion.
Two cattle chromosome painting probes, identifying X and Y heterosomes, were applied to verify the diagnosis of XXY trisomy in an 8-month-old bull of the Polish Red breed. The probes were obtained after chromosome microdissection and labelled with biotin-16-dUTP. In all metaphase spreads, three fluorescence signals were observed - two X and one Y - confirming the diagnosis of a pure XXY trisomy.
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