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Cardio-respiratory status of stone grinders and brick field workers from west Bengal, India

100%

Mandal(Majee), A , Majumdar R.

Progress in Health Sciences

2014

tom 4

nr 2

111-122

Introduction: Quartz crushing and brick making industry are informal and demands heavy manual labour. They are socio-economically backward and are unable to avail of social security’s scheme meant for protection of the health and welfare of Indian workers. Purpose: To evaluate cardiovascular and respi-ratory status of stone grinders and brickfield workers and to compare the above parameters with the control group. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 94 stone grinders and 82 brick field workers of West Bengal. They are mainly exposed to stone dust particles, silica dust and fumes. Pulmonary function and cardiovascular parameters were measured, and respiratory impairments were assessed by questionnaire. Results: Pulmonary function parameters, including breath holding time significantly reduced among these occupational groups of workers. But maximum oxygen consumption values were significantly higher than any other industrial workers of West Bengal. Workers of the above mentioned occupation showed restrictive type of lung impairment and prevalence of chest pain, and chronic cough (chronic bronchitis) were much higher than the control group workers. Stone grinders (42.6%) and brick field workers (78%) were in the pre-hypertensive state which is much higher than other industrial workers of West Bengal. BMI and skinfold thickness values of the above mentioned occupational workers were much lower than controls as well as other industrial groups of workers indicating severe nutritional deficiency among them. Conclusion: Thus the environmental stress and nutritional status of these two occupational groups of workers affect the cardio-respiratory status among them, which can be prevented by use of protective gadgets, use of modern engineering techniques, proper health education and awareness.

Pulmonary function of Paint Industry workers from West Bengal, India

100%

Mandal (Majee), A , Majumdar R.

Progress in Health Sciences

2013

tom 3

nr 2

110-121

Objectives: Paint industry workers are usually exposed to many solvents (toluene, acetone, butanol, xylene, benzene, trichloro ethylene). We investigated whether chronic exposure to solvents had any adverse effect on respiratory system. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involving 149 paint industry workers selected from paint industries of West Bengal, India and 141 control group individuals was undertaken. The study parameters include FVC, FEV1 ,FEV1% FEF200-1200, FEF25-75%, FEF75-85% and PEFR. Besides the same, the individuals’ age, smoking habit, duration of smoking, type of work, duration of work and other respiratory illness symptoms were recorded. Results: 77.68% higher age group workers and 83.78% in lower age group workers of paint industry have restrictive ventilatory impairment. Again, prevalence of restrictive ventilatory impairment is recorded as 76.9% in smoker and 78.4% in nonsmoker workers, but 94% restrictive impairments are observed in workers of the hazardous zone of high volatile organic compounds (VOC) concentration and 69.75% in workers of the non hazardous zone of low VOC concentration indicating the effects of dust and VOC in respiratory impairment than smoking. Significant correlation has been found between Pulmonary functions and duration of exposure to solvents and dust in older workers. Prevalence of respiratory symptoms was low but significantly associated with VOC concentration (OR=1.15-1.43) and duration of VOC exposure (OR=1.15-1.71) Thus restrictive lung impairment mainly depends on high VOC concentration as well as duration of exposure. In addition50% of high VOC exposed, and 47.6% of low VOC exposed paint workers suffered from liver dysfunction. Conclusion: This study helped in achieving baseline information regarding respiratory status of Paint workers of West Bengal. Most paint workers have restrictive pulmonary function impairment, which can be checked by using high-quality protective equipments as also by reduction of VOC concentration in work environment and workers’ health education.