The study elaborates on the relationship between the government and churches during the times of communist civil rights suppression. Since numerous articles have been written about repressive elements of the state and about the lives of party leaders and churches, this study aims to touch on this topic from a regional perspective. Researching by means of a probe into South Bohemian archive documents, the study describes both job descriptions of township church secretaries and the success in doing so, possibly even their will to fulfill their goals. The study provides illustrations both from the evaluation of these state employees (made by their supervisors or by the Czech communist government) and from their, often vain, complaints for greater material or party support.
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Karel Statečný was undoubtedly one of the most prominent figures in the early history of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church and a mainstay of the Hussite theological faculty at the time. Unfortunately, he has not been granted the publicity he would certainly deserve. In this study the author presents the results of further archive research about Karel Statečný, this time as a student of the diocese theological school and alumnus of the seminary in České Budějovice. The archive materials have shown that he was a very talented and hard¬ working student and that he achieved excellent results, which predetermined his further studies, doctoral degree and professorial career. In this study the author brings forth crucial and as yet unpublished archive materials, describing Karel Statečný’s professorship at the seminary in České Budějovice from the moment of the selection procedure to his withdrawal from the Roman Catholic Church.
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In April 1949, the Communist regime officially terminated the last free Catholic press in Czechoslovakia, the official diocesan circulars. In its stead the uniformly printed Věstník katolického duchovenstva (Bulletin of the Catholic Clergy) was published by the State department for churches in Prague over 1949–54. This study, based on this publication, presents the image of the diocese’s religious life in South Bohemia, as imposed by Communist propaganda. Using selected examples, the study confronts the information provided by the Věstník katolického duchovenstva with the reality based on the testimony of South Bohemian archives.
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Churches were perceived as an ideological enemy under the reign of Communism and therefore the Establishment tried to systematically liquidate them. One of the forms of the anti-religious struggle was the abuse of historical church figures by Communist ideology. In this study, the author tries to highlight the ideological character of the abuse of Jan Hus, who was deliberately portrayed as a social revolutionary and rebel against the old order, even at the cost of distorting historical facts. This abuse is documented particularly using the works of the Communist minister Zdeněk Nejedlý Hus and Our Time and Communists – the Heirs of the Great Traditions of the Czech Nation. In the following part of the study, the author demonstrates the research possibilities in contemporary literature, particularly daily periodicals, along with other materials deposited in South Bohemian archives. These all serve to document this abuse in practice with mention made of the persecution of the renowned church historian Jaroslav Kadlec by the Communist regime.
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The ninth bishop of České Budějovice, Josef Hlouch, undoubtedly ranks among the most renowned personalities of both the spiritual and religious life of the South Bohemian region. We commemorate the 110th jubilee of his birth and the 40th jubilee of his death in 2012. This year has been declared ‘the year of Bishop Hlouch’ by the South Bohemian diocese. What do we already know about Bishop Hlouch and what don’t we? Thus far, two concise monographs, a few brief entries in encyclopedias, several studies, memoirs, popular articles and both television and radio programmes has been created. It is apparent, however, that a number of events from his life are still hidden in archive documents. This study therefore aims at both summarizing the existing results of research on the life and work of Bishop Josef Hlouch and suggesting resources for further possible research on his life.
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Stability of organic materials properties is essential for further applications and was intensely investigated in last few decades. The aim of this study is to detect the structural changes of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) monolayer as a model system of organic material under influence of alcohols solutions. As subphases of monolayers (Langmuir films), pure water, ethanol and methanol solutions were used. For detection of changes in charge states of the molecules as well as relation with structural and conformational changes, a contactless method employing Maxwell’s displacement currents (MDC) was used. In DPPC monolayer on the subphase of methanol-water, a gradual absorption of methanol molecules into the layer can appear. In DPPC monolayer on the subphase of ethanol-water adsorption of ethanol molecules on the layer can be observed. Influence of alcohols results in a significant change of mechanical and electrical properties as well as in the stability of thin films.
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Maxwell's displacement current flowing through a metal electrode/air gap/Langmuir monolayer was detected. MDC experimental results obtained during a step compression mode are presented and contrasted with the Debye-Brown rotational model. As an alternative approach a theoretical model based on an analogy with a nonideal gas of polar molecules is derived from Lagrange's equation of motion.
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