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PL
Wyniki badań potwierdzają wpływ oddziaływania miasta Poznania na rynek nieruchomości niezabudowanych znajdujących się w gminach sąsiadujących. Wpływ ten dotyczy ilości transakcji i wartości nieruchomości niezabudowanych. Gminy znajdujące się w najbliższej odległości od miasta Poznania charakteryzują większą ilością i wartością nieruchomości niezabudowanych w stosunku do gmin w większej odległości. Wyniki badań Maćkiewicz [4] w powiecie poznańskim również potwierdzają te tezy. Liczba transakcji z roku na rok odznacza się tendencją wzrostową. Również wyniki badań Maćkiewicz [4] i Kałkowskiego [3] potwierdzają tendencję wzrostową ilości transakcji rynkowych nieruchomości niezabudowanych.
EN
The paper presents an analysis of the market for undeveloped properties in selected communes in the Wielkopolskie province in the years 2004÷2007. The study is based on land records data collected from County Centres for Geodesy and Cartographic Documentation in Poznan, Oborniki and Gniezno. The study comprised analyses of the number of sold undeveloped properties in the investigated communes during the analysed period, prices in the transactions in individual communes and the effect of the distance from the city of Poznan on fluctuations in these values. The analysis of the real estate market is an important element in the preparation of the planning documentation at the commune level (physical management studies concerning local conditions and tendencies in communes, local physical management plans).
EN
The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of nature value on the value of undeveloped property based on the Kornik commune. The analysis was conducted in two aspects: (1) to calculate weights of individual characteristics by comparing pairs of undeveloped landed properties, and (2) to conduct spatial analyses using the MapInfo Professional 9,5 program, in which thematic maps were prepared, presenting analysed attributes affecting the value of undeveloped property. Analyses made it possible to determine the effect of individual factors on the value of undeveloped property. The greatest effect on the value of undeveloped property (increasing the value) was found for land function in the local physical development plan (weight of the characteristic 32%), distance from the city of Poznan (weight of the characteristic 19%), distance from surface waters (weight of the characteristic 18%), distance from the town of Kornik (weight of the characteristic 10%), quality of access roads (weight of the characteristic 7%) and distance from forests (weight of the characteristic 9%). In contrast, the vicinity of protected areas decreased the property value (weight of the characteristic 5%), which was caused by the limitations in the use of these areas.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu było przedstawienie metod i procedur wyceny nieruchomości leśnych (gruntu leśnego bez drzewostanu) w wybranych krajach europejskich (Niemcy, Szwecja) na tle rozwiązań polskich. W artykule przedstawiono podstawę prawną wyceny nieruchomości leśnych oraz definicję gruntu leśnego w Polsce i wybranych krajach. W artykule porównano metody i procedury wyceny gruntu leśnego bez drzewostanu oraz przyjęto założenia do zastosowania w warunkach polskich tzw. metody , ,niemieckiej’’. Porównując metody wyceny gruntu leśnego bez drzewostanu w Polsce i w wybranych krajach europejskich stwierdzono że: filozofia wyceny jest podobna i opiera się na zastosowaniu podejścia porównawczego (rzadko ze względu na małą ilość transakcji) lub podejścia mieszanego.
EN
The objective of this paper was to present methods and procedures of validation of forest real estates (forest lands without tree stands) in selected European countries (Germany, Sweden) and to compare them to the Polish solutions. The paper presents legal bases for validation of forest real estates and the definition of forest lands, which are obligatory in Poland and in selected countries. In the paper methods and procedures of validation of forests lands, without tree stands, have been compared and assumptions concerning the application of the, so-called, "German" method in Poland have been presented. Basing on the comparison of methods of validation of forest lands without tree stands in Poland and in other European countries it has been stated that: the philosophy of validation is similar and it is based on application of the comparative approach (seldom, due to the low number of transactions) or the mixed approach.
EN
The aim of this study was to determine the willingness of different social groups to incur expenses for the benefit of the environment. The scope of the study comprised an analysis of materials from a survey conducted in 2012 in the study area of the Wielkopolski National Park in different locations in the communes within the Park and in the city of Poznań. A total of 1002 questionnaires were collected in the course of the study. The questionnaire is composed of three parts. In the first part questions concerned general information on the Wielkopolski National Park (the state of knowledge, frequency of visits, importance of the Park to the visitors, preferred forest type, etc.). The second part contained questions concerning willingness of the respondents to incur expenses for the environment (donations for the possibility to use the value of the Wielkopolski National Park or a possible compensation for the inability to use the Park, as an alternative in case the respondents did not declare any amount of money would they be willing to do volunteer work for the Park). The third part comprised a socio-economic characteristic of respondents (sex, age, profession, net income per person in the family, education, place of residence). In the analysed group of respondents 61% were women, while the other 39% were men. Age of respondents ranged from below 18 years to over 60 years. The greatest number of people were from the age group of 18–25 years (37.1%), as well as 26–40 and 41–60 years (23.1%, 20.1%). Among respondents the greatest number lived in cities over 100 thousand inhabitants (35.6%), the other groups represented towns of 21 to 100 thousand (23.9%), towns up to 20 thousand inhabitants (23.5%), and villages (17%). The mean net monthly revenue from 1000 to 2500 PLN was declared by the greatest number of respondents (43.4%, 36.8%), while in terms of profession the most numerous group comprised students (34%) and office workers (16.6%). Recorded survey results were subjected to statistical and mathematical analyses using the Statistica and CANOCO programmes. The following statistical methods were applied: principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), called the canonical compatibility analysis. The aim of PCA was to determine the principal directions of variation in the matrix of responses given by the respondents. The Cattell’s scree test was performed to determine the number of significant principal components explaining the percentage of total variation of the matrix. In the process of analysis the normalised Varimax rotation was applied. Canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) were performed for all responses obtained from respondents concerning their professions. CCA made it possible to construct a model, in which dependencies between environmental parameters and sociological traits were measured in the form of the sum of squares of deviations from the mean. The analysis selects a linear combination of environmental parameters so that the sum of squares of deviations from the mean is smallest. Analyses showed that support for the incurrence of costs for the environment is not connected either with the education of respondents or their knowledge on the Wielkopolski National Park and the frequency of visits to the Park. These three elements were connected with completely different directions of variation shown in PCA. Studies showed no dependence between income levels of respondents and the incurrence of costs for environmental purposes, which may be considered inconsistent with the theoretical income elasticity, which determines the relationship between income and willingness to pay environmental costs. PCA showed that income per person in the family of the respondent was only to a limited degree connected with the factor, which was determined both by the support for pro-environmental expenses and the amount of the declared annual fee. Professional groups most willing to incur costs for the environment were businessmen, for-esters and old age pensioners. The least willing group to cover costs for the environment comprised farmers, who at the same time were most willing to offer volunteer work for the Park. It may be concluded that despite the limited financial means farmers appreciate the financial value of the Park and are aware of their shared responsibility for its maintenance by declaring willingness to work for its benefit.
EN
The aim of the study was to model the dependence between the price for 1m2 undeveloped property allocated to building purposes in areas located in the Mosina commune on such characteristics as forests, waters and protected areas at a distance of max. 1000 m, access to roads, power supply infrastructure, the sewer and water supply systems, distance from Poznań, the number of residents in the area and the plot area as well as the allocated use of the plot. To realise this aim the statistical analyses were performed using reverse step-wise regression. Analyses covered the Mosina commune, one of the biggest communes located in the Poznań county in terms of its area. Mosina is a municipal and rural commune located in the central part of the Wielkopolskie province. In its immediate vicinity there are such communes belonging to the Poznań county as Luboń, Komorniki, Kórnik, Stęszew and Puszczykowo, as well as the Brodnica commune located in the Śrem county and Czempiń located in the Kościan county. The vicinity of the city of Poznań is decisive for the development of investments in Mosina. Areas belonging to the Mosina commune are particularly attractive in terms of their nature and tourist value. Thus it seems that the object selected for analyses is well adapted to such analyses, both in terms of the variation in natural conditions and the variation of socio-economic conditions. The time frame for the study covered the years 2004 - 2007 (adoption of such a time frame was connected with the phenomena occurring immediately after Poland’s accession to the European Union). The scope of the study covered data from notarial deeds (729 transactions) concerning sale and purchase of undeveloped plots allocated to building purposes. Based on studies using multiple regression it may be stated that prices for undeveloped plots allocated for building purposes were affected by different factors in the analysed years. In 2004 the value of plots was reduced by the occurrence of surface waters in their vicinity (at a distance up to 100 m), while an increase in value was observed in relation to neighbouring protected areas. In 2005 a negative effect on property value was found for the distance from Poznań (the farther from Poznań, the lower the value). In 2006 high voltage power supply infrastructure reduced property value, while sewer infrastructure increased property value. In 2007 the distance from Poznań reduced property value (the farther from Poznań, the lower the prices) and the number of residents (an increase in the number of residents reduced property value). Analysis showed that in the study period the effect of attributes on property value changed, which indicates changing preferences of property buyers. Based on the investigations it may be concluded that it is necessary to study periodically (at least once a year) characteristics influencing property value, while adoption of a longer period would not fully reflect the weight of these characteristics. Spatial distribution of expected value of land allocated to building development showed that the greatest value in the analysed years (except for 2005) was found in Rogalin, directly neighbouring with the Mosina commune centre and it is an attractive location in terms of its nature and cultural value (with the Raczyński Palace, the Rogaliński Landscape Park located in the vicinity).
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EN
The aim of the study was to develop the spatial concept of afforestation for the area of the Tarnowo Podgórne commune on the basis of guidelines concerning design of new forest complexes contained in the National Programme for Afforestation, the Programme for Afforestation of the Poznań Commune and Guidelines concerning the determination of the agricultural use-forest use boundary. Moreover, the aim of the study was to compare area developed according to the concept with the afforestation area resulting from the Study for the conditions and directions of spatial management and the Programme for Afforestation of the Poznań Commune. The subject matter of the study comprised identification of environmental trends in the Tarnowo Podgórne commune, based on which the afforestation arrangement was developed. The spatial scope of the study covered the administrative area of the Tarnowo Podgórne commune, taking into consideration forest complexes found in the neighbouring communes, lying directly at the boundary of the study area. The study used source materials collected from the Department of Spatial Management of the Tarnowo Podgórne commune and the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Poznań. For the purpose of the analyses of the study area, resulting in the development of the afforestation concept together with its detailed analysis, a GIS system was created using the ArcGIS programme, incorporating information collected from different sources and concerning the Tarnowo Podgórne commune. Individual information layers in the GIS database facilitated analysis of the source materials: the Study of Conditions and Directions for Spatial Management of the commune in the 1:25 000 scale and the Programme for Afforestation in the Poznań county in the 1:50000 scale. Based on the analysis of a soil map, a map of nature value, a map of water conditions and a map of the cultural environment in the 1:10000 scale, constituting an element in the eco-physiographic study of the area from 2004, obtained from the Office of the Tarnowo Podgórne commune the value of animate nature, hydrographic conditions, soil conditions and selected anthropogenic conditions of the commune were determined, the latter being the most significant for the development of the afforestation concept. Based on the collected GIS information concerning the commune layers of areas recommended for afforestation were isolated in view of general principles and ecological and functional conditions required of the planned afforestation, contained in the Guidelines concerning the establishment of the boundary between the agricultural and forest use from 2003, such as afforestation of forest land and farmland of classes V and VI, afforestation of wasteland, afforestation of water course margins, water reservoirs, watersheds, protection zones for underground water intakes, afforestation forming ecological corridors and afforestation of buffer zones. The developed afforestation concept was analysed in the spatial aspect according to calculations performed in the Excell programme based on values collected from the GIS data base of the prepared project. Analysis of area calculation results made it possible to specify the percentage shares of individual afforestation areas following the guidelines as well as percentage changes in the forest cover of the Tarnowo Podgórne commune, which would be observed as a result of implementation of the developed concept. Based on the analyses the following conclusions were formulated: The final result of the developed concept comprised the design of a spatial afforestation system: of 2324 ha in area, which accounts for approx. 22.9% commune area and together with the existing afforestation areas it increases the forest cover share from 7.8% to 30.7%. which is bigger in area from the concept proposed in SUiKZP and PZLPP by approx. 1400 ha in accordance with the spatial requirements resulting from the allocation to the metropolitan zone, i.e. the trend of a dynamic increase in the urbanization level and an increase in the number of production plants and service workshops taking into consideration the area required for agricultural production. Under present-day socio-economic conditions the developed afforestation concept may not be realised due to the allocation of land to more profitable purposes (building development, industrial purposes …) in relation to the forest land use. The designed afforestation concept was developed in view of the source materials in an approximate 1: 10 000 scale and for this reason it may be used when preparing spatial management plans. Results of the design project need to include socio-economic criteria.
PL
Niniejsza praca jest poświęcona analizie zmian struktury użytkowania i władania gruntów w powiecie poznańskim. Dotyczy bardzo interesującego okresu w rozwoju Polski tj. lat 1989÷2006 (transformacja ustrojowa, wejście Polski do Unii Europejskiej). Analiza zmian pozwoli określić kierunki i nasilenie tego procesu w poszczególnych latach i gminach co zkolei umożliwi kontrolę tego zjawiska poprzez planowanie na szczeblu gminnym (studium uwarunkowań i kierunków przestrzennego zagospodarowania gminy, miejscowe plany zagospodarowania przestrzennego). Uwzględnić także należy, że relacje między własnością prywatną a własnością publiczną występujące w danej jednostce terytorialnej mają wpływ na kierunki jej zagospodarowania, a także stanowią podstawę do programowania prac w zakresie urządzeń rolnych [3].
EN
The study concerns problems connected with the analysis of changes in the structure of land use and ownership in the Poznań County in the years 1989÷2006. Investigations were based on record data collected at the County Centre of Land Survey and Cartography Records in Poznań. For the purpose of the study 7 communes from the Poznań County were selected (Czerwonak, Murowana Goślina, Pobiedziska, Rokietnica, Suchy Las, Swarzędz, Tarnowo Podgórne). Changes in the structure of land use and ownership in a given commune in individual years were determined and compared with those in the other communes. For this purpose data were subjected to: statistical analysis, analyses on pie and bar graphs, spatial analysis based on thematic maps prepared with the use of the MapInfo version 7.5 software. These analyses made it possible to present the following conclusions:1. In the analyzed communes in the investigated period changes may be observed in the structure of land use (small changes) and ownership (big changes). 2. The structure of land ownership showed a downward trend in the state sector to the advantage of the private sector. The biggest changes in the analyzed period took place in the Czerwonak commune, where the state sector lost over 27% agriculturally used area to the advantage of the private sector. In turn, the smallest changes occurred in the Rokietnica commune, in which this index was below 3%. 3. In the analyzed communes the ownership structure underwent the following changes: ? the area of land administered by the State Treasury decreased; this change was biggest in the Rokietnica commune (by 25.6%), while it was smallest in the Suchy Las commune (by 0.8%), ? the area of land administered by cooperatives decreased, with this trend being biggest in the Rokietnica commune (almost all land properties of cooperatives were transferred to other entities), while it was smallest in the Murowana Goślina commune (by 17.0%),? the area of land held by communes increased, which change was biggest in the Czerwonak commune (by 40.8%), and smallest in the Pobiedziska commune (by 14.1%), ? the area of land owned by physical persons increased (except for the Tarnowo Podgórne commune), the change being biggest in the Czerwonak commune (by 36.2%), and smallest in the Suchy Las commune (by 1.0%), ? the amount of land held by churches and religious associations increased (except for the Suchy Las commune); the change being biggest in the Czerwonak commune (by 121.1%), and smallest in the Tarnowo Podgórne commune (by 1.0%), ? the amount of land held by denominations associations and commercial companies also increased (except for the Murowana Goślina communes) - on the biggest scale in the commune (over 10-fold), and on the smallest scale in the Suchy Las commune (by 21.3%). 4. The following trends could be observed in the analyzed communes in terms of changes in the land use structure: the area of agriculturally utilized land decreased (except for the Pobiedziska and Suchy Las communes), the area of forests increased (except for the Tarnowo Podgórne commune), in case of the other land properties no marked trends could be observed. 5. Spatial analysis concerning changes in the structure of land use and ownership did not show relationships with the neighbouring communes. Spatial changes were of random character.
EN
This paper is dedicated to the issue of suburbanisation process in selected communes of Poznan metropolitan area. Area under research consists of seven communes within the Poznan District. These include: Dopiewo, Buk, Rokietnica, Murowana Goslina, Swarzedz, Mosina. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the suburbanisation process in selected communes of Poznan District in years 2001-2010. Research subject constitued data concerning changes in: population, migration, housing resources as well as built-up and urbanised areas in specific communes of Poznan District. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using change dynamics indicators for each factor, and the results were rendered with the use of column and line charts, accompanied by spatial analysis. Research in specific factors showed an increase in available housing and population numbers in built-up and urbanised areas in communes lying in direct vicinity of the city of Poznan what confirms the ongoing suburbanisation process.
PL
Celem pracy było opracowanie mapy atrakcyjności inwestycyjnej gminy Tarnowo Podgórne. Podstawą do jej utworzenia była analiza czynników wpływających na wartość nieruchomości niezabudowanych na obszarze gminy. Wykorzystano dane z lat 2010–2013, pozyskane z Powiatowego Ośrodka Dokumentacji Geodezyjnej i Kartograficznej w Poznaniu. Zebrane dane zostały poddane analizie przestrzennej, przy użyciu programu QGIS 2.12.1, a także analizie statystycznej, za pomocą regresji wielorakiej. Badania pozwoliły wyróżnić czynniki istotnie wpływające na wartość nieruchomości oraz określić stopień ich oddziaływania.
EN
The aim of the study was to creating the map of investment attractiveness of Tarnowo Podgórne community. The basis for creating the map was the analysis of the factors affecting the value of undeveloped property in the area of Tarnowo Podgórne. The study analyses the material from the years 2010–2013, which are obtained from the District Centre of Geodesy and Cartography Documentation in Poznan. To realise this aim two types of analyses were performed: spatial with the QGIS 2.12.0 Lyon programme and statistical using multiple regression. Results of investigation showed which of the isolated factors have the greatest influence on the value of building land in the Tarnowo Podgórne community.
EN
In Polish legal conditions, conducting a coherent policy within urban areas is still hindered. These areas are subject to dynamic processes of suburbanization. Suburbanization is defined as a result of migration from the city centers to the suburbs. The process results in deterioration of city centers and dynamic, often uncontrolled development of the suburbs (urban sprawl). During the period of intensive suburbanization, in the years 2000–2010 In agglomeration of Poznań, 65 000 new dwellings were built, among them 31 000,were located in Poznań county. There are no national law regulations (agglomeration law) concerning this problem, that forces local governments to act. Municipality, as the basic unit of local government in Poland has the largest authority in planning, it decides about land use and its management. Study of the Conditions and Directions of Spatial Management is an indirect tool that defines a general outline of planning policy of local governments. Local Spatial Management Plan is a main tool for forming land functions, development principles. Local Spatial Management Plan has to be consistent with the policy expressed in the Study of the Conditions and Directions of Spatial Management. Therefore, the more accurate the document is, the more consistent local spatial management plans are, which leads to a rational functioning and use of the environment. The main issue in the process of forming agglomeration structures is building a cohesion on a sub-regional level. One of the obstacles on the way of reaching that point are quantitative and qualitative differences in documents that sets the planning policy. The study shows that there are significant differences in this area, between communities of Poznań agglomeration. The differences occurs in the number of parameters relating to land development and building development indicators. In all analyzed cases, the most regulated sphere concerns housing, the least amount of guidelines relate to production and service functions. It seems that this issue can be a significant obstacle in the study of current conditions (lack of comparability), as well as in setting strategic directions for the agglomeration as an independent entity. The basic conclusion of the paper is that there is a need to develop an uniform methodology for planning for the creation of strategic planning documents for suburbs of agglomerations.
EN
The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the value of building real property in the communes of Komorniki and Murowana Goślina considering environmental and socio-economic values.
PL
Celem pracy było wyodrębnienie czynników wpływających na wartość nieruchomości budowlanych na przykładzie gmin: Komorniki oraz Murowana Goślina, uwzględniając walory środowiskowe i społeczno-ekonomiczne. W opracowaniu przeanalizowano materiały z lat 2010–2013 zawarte w transakcjach kupna-sprzedaży nieruchomości niezabudowanych, pozyskane z PODGiK w Poznaniu. Wyniki analizowano z wykorzystaniem sieci neuronowych. Największy wpływ na kształtowanie się wartości gruntów budowlanych w gminie Komorniki miało występowanie sieci kanalizacyjnej, a w gminie Murowana Goślina – powierzchnia działki.
EN
The main aim of the study was to create the map of attractiveness of the housing area earmarked for construction purposes in Murowana Goślina commune in the aspect of sustainable development. The basis for creating the map was the analysis of factors affecting the value of undeveloped property. The study included both natural and anthropogenic factors. The study analyzes the material from the years 2010-2013, which were obtained from the District Centre of Geodesy and Cartography Documentation in Poznan. In order to achieve this aim, two types of analyses were performed: spatial with the QGIS 2.12.0 Lyon software and statistical, using multiple regression with STATISTICA 10 software. The research helped to isolate the factors significantly affecting the value of the property and determine the degree of their impact. The thesis also presents the map of investment attractiveness for Murowana Goślina. In these terms, the most attractive areas were Murowana Goślina and Mściszewo.
PL
Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie inklinacji mieszkańców do ponoszenia opłat za możliwość korzystania z Wielkopolskiego Parku Narodowego. Materiały źródłowe do realizacji postawionego problemu pozyskano podczas badań w formie wywiadu standaryzowanego, przeprowadzonego w latach 2012-2013 wśród mieszkańców miejscowości położonych w obrębie gmin, w których zlokalizowany jest WPN oraz mieszkańców Poznania bezpośrednio sąsiadujących z tymi gminami. W pracy zastosowano model logitowy. Z otrzymanych rezultatów wynika, że na wielkość deklarowanej kwoty za możliwość korzystania z WPN mają wpływ następujące zmienne: wiek respondenta, poparcie wydatków ekologicznych oraz przynależność do organizacji ekologicznych.
EN
The aim of this study was to determine the willingness of inhabitants to pay fees for the use of the National Park of Wielkopolska (NPW).
EN
An important element to be taken into account when designing the afforestation of Tarnowo Podgorne municipality was to create a model of ecological corridors, taking into account existing and planned natural forest areas. Analysis of the concept of afforestation and conditions allowed to determine the existing network nodes and corridors through the use of quantitative and qualitative methods of organic interconnection network and determine the degree of functional chain structure and ecological stability in the community. For the evaluation of the network model used in the basic indicators used in the method of assessing the stability of part of the landscape in order of network connections. Designed structure of ecological corridors indicates that all test indicators are within the ranges set by the method, and their interpretation proves unequivocally that the designed network will fulfill their natural functions. The proposed concept is characterized by the attention to the behavior of spatial order with regard to the functionality of other forms of land use space. Although the community is not in any formal way affiliated with the Nature 2000 network the structure of ecological corridors is the result of the development of the concept shows a high degree of functionality and stability as part of the assessment of the stability of the landscape in order of network connections.
EN
The aim of this study was to identify factors determining propensity to incur costs for the Wielkopolska National Park and to accept compensation for the prevention of access to the Park depending on the age and education of respondents. Source materials for the investigation of this problem were collected in the course of a survey in the form of standardised interviews, conducted in the years of 2012–2013 among residents of towns located within communes, in which the Park is situated. Analyses were conducted using contingency tables. Based on research results it was found that respondents assess the value of WNP differently depending on their age and education.
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