Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Delamination analysis in single-point incremental forming of steel/steel bi-layer sheet metal

100%

Hassan M. , Hussain G. , Ilyas M. , Ali A.

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2020

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tom Vol. 20, no. 2

124--137

EN

Layered metallic materials (LMMs) offer superior properties in comparison to their counterpart monolithic sheets. Single-point incremental forming (SPIF) has emerged as an economical solution to produce LMM parts. However, delamination can limit the formability of such parts. In this study, the delamination analysis during SPIF of layered sheets was performed. Steel/steel bi-layer sheets were fabricated by roll bonding. These sheets were produced at thickness reduction ratios of 47%, 58% and 70%. The bond strength and fracture toughness in mode I and mode II were determined by T-peel and tensile shear tests, respectively. When the thickness reduction ratio was increased from 47 to 70%, an increase in bond strength was observed with 572% increase in mode I and 15.6% in mode II, respectively. On the other hand, with the same percent increase in thickness reduction, the critical strain energy release showed an increase of 3992% in mode I and 20% decrease in mode II. Surface-based cohesive zone model was used to define the interface between layers during numerical simulation of SPIF for delamination analysis. To validate the numerical results, SPIF of given bi-layer sheet was performed experimentally and a good agreement between the numerical and experimental results was observed.

2

Rayleigh waves speed in transversely isotropic material

100%

Rehman A. , Khan A. , Ali A.

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tom Vol. 54, iss. 4

323-328

EN

Rayleigh wave speed in transversely isotropic material is studied. A very simple technique is adopted to solve the secular equation. Speed in some transversely isotropic materials is calculated.

3

Particle swarm optimization algorithm based low cost magnetometer calibration

100%

Ali A. , Siddharth S. , Syed Z. , El-Sheimy N.

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tom Vol. 22

9--23

EN

Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) consist of accelerometers, gyroscopes and a microprocessor provide inertial digital data from which position and orientation is obtained by integrating the specific forces and rotation rates. In addition to the accelerometers and gyroscopes, magnetometers can be used to derive the absolute user heading based on Earth’s magnetic field. Unfortunately, the measurements of the magnetic field obtained with low cost sensors are corrupted by several errors including manufacturing defects and external electro-magnetic fields. Consequently, proper calibration of the magnetometer is required to achieve high accuracy heading measurements. In this paper, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based calibration algorithm is presented to estimate the values of the bias and scale factor of low cost magnetometer. The main advantage of this technique is the use of the artificial intelligence which does not need any error modeling or awareness of the nonlinearity. The estimated bias and scale factor errors from the proposed algorithm improve the heading accuracy and the results are also statistically significant. Also, it can help in the development of the Pedestrian Navigation Devices (PNDs) when combined with the INS and GPS/Wi-Fi especially in the indoor environments.

4

Bio-efficacy of some plant leaf extracts against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. on Indian mustard, Brassica juncea

100%

Ali A. , Rizvi P. Q. , Khan F. R.

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tom 50

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nr 2

130-132

EN

The bio-efficacy of four plant leaf extracts viz., apple of sodom, Calotropis procera Aiton; Mexican poppy, Argemone mexicana Linnaeus; Mexican marigold, Tagetes minuta Linnaeus and Indian neem, Azadirachta indica were tested against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi on Indian mustard, Brassica juncea. The highest per cent aphid reduction during first, second and third spray were 28.79, 40.52 and 59.32 at 1 : 10 g/ml; 34.70, 44.49 and 66.14 at 1 : 5 g/ml and 53.88, 64.84 and 100.00 at 1 : 2.5 g/ml with Indian neem. However, Mexican marigold was also effective at highest concentration (1 : 2.5 g/ml) and reduced 96.38 per cent L. erysimi. All the treatments of plant leaf extracts showed insecticidal activity, but Indian neem followed by Mexican marigold reduced the aphid population to a great extent.

PL

Badano skuteczność biologiczną wyciągów z liści roślin: Calotropis procera Aiton, Argemone mexicana Linnaeus, Tagetes minuta Linnaeus, Azadirachta indica, przeciwko mszycy kapustnicy wielożernej Lipaphis erysimi, na gorczycy indyjskiej, Brassica juncea. Najwyższy procent redukcji mszyc podczas pierwszego, drugiego i trzeciego opryskiwania wynosił: 28,79, 40,52 i 59,32, przy stężeniu 1:10 g/ml; 34,70 oraz 44,79 i 66,14, przy stężeniu 1:5 g/ml i 53,88, 64,84 i 100,00, przy stężeniu 1:2,5 g/ml dla A. indica. Jednak T. minuta byļ także skuteczny przy najwyższym stężeniu - 1:2,5 g/ml i redukował 96,38% L. rysimi. Wszystkie Zabiegi wyciągami z liści wykazywały ektywność owadobójczą, ale A. indica, a następnie T. minuta redukowały populację mszyc w największym stopniu.

5

Performance evaluation of ZVS/ZCS high efficiency AC/DC converter for high power applications

89%

Ali A. , Chuanwen J. , Khan M. M. , Habib S. , Ali Y. , Ali A. , Chuanwen J. , Khan M. M. , Habib S. , Ali Y.

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6

Frequency of hepatitis E and Hepatitis A virus in water sample collected from Faisalabad, Pakistan

76%

Ahmad T. , Anjum S. , Zaidi N.-u. S. S. , Ali A. , Waqas M. , Afzal M. S. , Arshad N.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2015

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tom 22

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nr 4

7

End- of- life scenarios for municipal solid waste of defence housing authority Lahore, Pakistan

76%

Ali A. , Azam S. , Khalid A. , Norman D.-S. , Jamil N. , Samina F. , Skaikh I. A.

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nr 3

EN

This paper evaluates the environmental impacts of various municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment options produced on-site simultaneously with energy and material recovery. The results present a comparison of life cycle assessment (LCA) for municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in five different waste scenarios along with baseline scenario of the Defence Housing Authority (DHA) in Lahore. All scenarios were modeled using EaseTech software. Nine impact categories were assessed and results were presented based on the ASTM D5231-92(2003) characterization method. Results revealed that a material recovery facility (MRF) had low global warming potential (GWP), but lower avoided burdens in other impact categories. The incineration process indicated fewer burdens on the environment such as GWP (-2.086×10⁷ kg CO₂ eq) as compared to landfills (2.461×10⁷ kg CO₂ eq). This was due to lower avoided emissions in the landfill process compared to incineration. The negative values in results represented higher avoided emissions in treatment processes. Bio-gasification avoided CO₂ emissions (-8.053×10⁵ kg CO₂ eq), but showed negative impacts in other categories. Almost all impact categories were high in composting except for freshwater eutrophication. LCA results provided good knowledge for decision makers as a tool to decide what alternative is a better change for sustainable waste management.

8

Fruit yield and quality of ‘Florida King’ peaches subjected to foliar calcium chloride sprays at different growth stages

63%

Shahid M. O. , Muhmood A. , Ihtisham M. , Rahman M. u. , Amjad M. , Sajid M. , Riaz K. , Ali A.

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nr 1

EN

Peach fruit and trees are prone to various issues, regarding yield, quality and pest attack. Calcium plays several roles in plant and fruit development. Therefore the current study was conducted to evaluate the response of peach fruit to foliar application. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors factorial arrangement and three replicates. Calcium chloride was applied at the rate of 0, 1, 2 and 3%. The foliar application of calcium was done at pink bud stage, berry size fruit stage, and then at pit hardening stage of peach. The obtained results indicated that foliar application of calcium significantly improved peach fruit quality and yield. The highest fruit weight (142.6 g), yield tree⁻¹ (15.6 kg), ascorbic acid content (6.67 mg∙100 g⁻¹), total soluble solids (11.0°Bx), fruit juice pH (3.98), sugar to acid ratio (45.1), fruit firmness (3.90 kg∙cm⁻²) and fruit volume (155.6 cm³) was obtained with the application of 3% solution of calcium chloride at pit hardening stage but it significantly reduced the percent titratable acidity (0.3%) and disease incidence (5.8%). It was concluded that 3% calcium chloride applied at the pit hardening stage significantly boosted peach quality and fruit yield.

9

Preparation of Conductive Polyethylene Terephthalate Yarns by Deposition of Silver & Copper Nanoparticles

63%

Ahmad S. , Ashraf M. , Ali A. , Shaker K. , Umair M. , Afzal A. , Nawab Y. , Rasheed A.

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tom Vol. 25, no. 5 (125)

25--29

EN

The assemblage of textiles and electronics in a single structure has led to the development of smart textiles for functional purposes and special products. Conductive yarn as a necessary component of smart textiles is being developed by a number of techniques. The objective of the current study was to impart conductivity to yarn by coating the silver and copper nanoparticles on the surface of multifilament polyester textile fibres. The surface morphology and electrical conductivity of the coated yarns were investigated. The wash ability of the conductive yarns developed was also studied. The yarns showed good retention of the nanoparticles, as proven by the very small loss of the conductivity of the material.

PL

Połączenie tekstyliów i elektroniki w jednej strukturze doprowadziło do rozwoju inteligentnych tekstyliów znajdujących zastosowanie w celach funkcjonalnych i produktach specjalnych. Przędza przewodząca, jako niezbędny składnik inteligentnych wyrobów włókienniczych, może być otrzymywana za pomocą szeregu różnych technik. Celem badania było nadanie przewodnictwa przędzy poliestrowej poprzez powlekanie jej nanocząsteczkami srebra i miedzi. Zbadano morfologię powierzchni i przewodnictwo elektryczne powleczonych przędz, a także ich odporność na pranie. Przędze wykazywały dobrą retencję nanocząstek, co potwierdzała bardzo mała utrata przewodności materiału.

10

Reuse of textile wastewater after treating with combined process of chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation

63%

Ali A. , Shaikh I. A. , Abit T. , Samina F. , Islam S. , Khalid A. , Firdous N. , Javed M. T.

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nr 4

EN

The basic aim of our research was to reduce water consumption in the dying process in the textile industry. This study evaluated the treatment efficiency of combined process of chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation on the synthetically produced dyes C.I. Reactive Yellow 145 and C.I Reactive Red 194. The wash-off liquor generated during the dyeing process was decolorized by adding a mixture of alum and chitosan, followed by electrocoagulation and reused for the wash-off of dyes. Fabric color was analyzed by wash fastness, rubbing and crocking experiments. The combined treatment process was proven to be very effective in decolorizing both dyes by 99.1% and 96.15%. The color difference values of standard (dyed in fresh water) and batch samples for both dyes were 0.53 and 0.35, which is within the acceptable limit (≤1.0). The wash fastness test indicated a range of 4-5 for both standards and batch samples. In the case of water quality parameters, a decrease in pH values was observed after treatment; however, an increasing trend was seen in cases of COD, TDS and EC. While these parameters do not affect the color of the fabric in dying process, this study concludes that the combined treatment of chemical and electrocoagulation is very efficient for decolorizing dye wastewater. Reuse of treated wash-off wastewater is suitable not only for reducing water consumption but also reducing wastewater generation in the textile industry. Hence this treatment option will improve overall water efficiency of the textile industry.

11

Exploitation of synthetic-derived wheats through osmotic stress responses for drought tolerance improvement

63%

Ali A. , Arshad M. , Naqvi S. M. S. , Ahmad M. , Sher H. , Fatima S. , Kazi A. G. , Rasheed A. , Mujeeb-Kazi A.

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nr 09

EN

The development of drought tolerant wheat cultivars has been slow due to lack of understanding the diagnostic physiological parameters associated with improved productivity under water stress. We evaluated responses to PEG induced osmotic stress under hydroponics in D-genome synthetic derived and bread wheat germplasm with the main aim to unravel and identify some promising attributes having role in stress tolerances. Genotypes used in this study differed in their morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes. Tolerant genotypes exhibited the ability to ameliorate harmful effects of PEG induced osmotic stress through better osmotic adjustment achieved through substantial relative water content (RWC), lowered osmotic potential, relatively stable root length having maximum water extraction capacity, significant increase in osmoprotectant concentration and relatively enhanced antioxidant activities. The results clearly revealed the importance of synthetic derivatives over check cultivars and conventional wheats in terms of osmotic stress responses. Interestingly, synthetic-derived advanced lines with Aegilops tauschii in its parentage including AWL-02, AWL-04 and AWL-07 proved superior over the best rainfed check cultivar (Wa-01). It was concluded that syntheticderived wheats has great potential to improve a range of stress adaptive traits. It could, therefore, be recommended to be a useful strategy for allowing modern bread wheat to become adapted to a wider range of environments in future climate change scenarios.

12

Effect of male sterile and fertile cytoplasm on nuclear DNA methylation in hybrid rice

51%

Ali A. , Li Y. , Chen H. , Xu P. , Zhang H. , Chen X. , Yongxiang L. , Fu S. , Wu T. , Iqbal M. Z. , Farooq M. U. , Wu X.

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nr 06

EN

Nucleus-controlled fertility restoration and cytoplasmic male sterility are important mechanisms to exploit heterosis. However, the effect of DNA methylation on cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction is not well understood yet. The current study used a methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism to characterize polymorphism in nuclear DNA methylation among cytoplasmic male sterile line (D62A), corresponding maintainer line (D62B), and two F1 hybrids (D62A × R527 and D62B × R527). In results, 495 fragments were amplified between the parental D62A and D62B lines. The total methylation (double + single-stranded) and full methylation (double-stranded) rates of D62A (33.13%, 24.24%) both were found to be lower than that of corresponding maintainer D62B (33.94%, 24.85%). Analysis of methylation revealed that male sterile line D62A was less methylated than that of corresponding maintainer line D62B in all methylation types I, II and III. A total of 516 fragments were amplified between two F1 hybrids (D62A × R527 and D62B × R527). The total methylation in both hybrids (D62A × R527 and D62B × R527) was identical (34.69%). While full methylation rates for D62A × R527 and D62B × R527 were 25.78% and 25.58%, respectively, that is non-significant. Moreover, polymorphism in DNA methylation was found higher in F1 hybrids (5.43%) than parents (4.24%). These results implied that different cytoplasm leads to changes in nuclear DNA methylation and sterile cytoplasm has reduced the effect on nuclear methylation than non-sterile cytoplasm. Current study explains the interaction between cytoplasmic male sterility and DNA methylation which may contribute to further research.