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Fungi biomass in lowland rivers of North-Eastern Poland: effects of habitat conditions and nutrient concentration

100%

Gorniak A. , Wiecko A. , Cudowski A.

tom 61

nr 4

Fungi occur in almost all types of waters in the world and play an important role in many processes in the environment, particularly in organic matter decomposition. During the last several decades, extensive knowledge was obtained on the ecology of aquatic fungi, but on fungal biomass in the water column less. The study was aimed at simultaneous determination of seasonal and spatial variability of aquatic fungi biomass in the river waters in relation to selected physicochemical water parameters and trophic state in the 27 lowland rivers of north-eastern Poland with length between 17 and 308 km and mean annual discharge 1 – 100 m³ s⁻¹. The chemical and mycological evaluation was provided on the basis of 64 water samples taken in the July and October 2010. The chromatographic method of determination of seston ergosterol as a specific organic compound typical for the majority of fungi, was applied. Fungi biomass was higher in summer than in autumn. The particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations had no effect on fungal biomass in the studied river, as well as forest cover of the catchment and river discharge. Statistically significant correlations of fungal biomass in the river water with concentrations of ammonium (N–NH₄⁺), Kjeldahl (NKjel), total organic (TON) and total nitrogen (TN) and dissolved (DP) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) were found. The principal component analysis indicates relations between (TIN) and phosphorus (SRP) and particulate phosphorus (PP) and freshwater fungi, specially in summer when aquatic fungi are able to modify the structure of the nutrients contained in the water column.

Biomass, abundance and sensitivity to antibiotics and antimycotics of the fungi in the Vistula River with its main tributaries

100%

Pietryczuk A. , Gorniak A. S. , Wiecko A. , Cudowski A.

Acta Mycologica

2013

tom 48

nr 2

Mycoplankton of Vistula River and its main tributaries biomass as well as the number and morphotype diversity was studied in summer and autumn 2011. Summer mycoplankton biomass was within the range of 0.2 – 0.5 μg/l, while in the autumn it was two times wider range (0.1 – 1.3 μg/l). The number of fungi in river water most often did not exceed 1000 – 2000 CFU/ml. Fungi colonies isolated from rivers water were sensitive to the commonly used amphotericine B (10 μg) and gentamicin (10 μg). It seems to be plausible that aquatic fungi can acquire immunity to drugs as a result of horizontal transfer of a gene responsible for drug resistance or as an effect of antibiotics and antimycotics getting into the aquatic ecosystems from wastewaters.

Latem i jesienią 2011 roku określono biomasę oraz różnorodność morfotypów mykoplanktonu w wodach powierzchniowych Wisły i jej głównych dopływów. Letnia biomasa mykoplanktonu mieściła się w zakresie 0,2 – 0,5 μg/L , zaś jesienią w przedziale 0,1 – 1,3 μg/L. Liczebność grzybów w wodach rzecznych najczęściej nie przekraczała 1000-2000 CFU/mL. Próbki wody charakteryzowały się obecnością grzybów wrażliwych na powszechnie stosowany mikotyk amfoterycynę B (10 μg) i antybiotyk gentamycynę (10 μg). Wydaję się prawdopodobne, że grzyby wodne mogą nabywać oporność na leki, w wyniku horyzontalnego transferu genu odpowiedzialnego za lekooporność od innych mikroorganizmów lub wskutek dostawania się antybiotyków i antymikotyków ze ściekami do ekosystemów wodnych.

Nowo opisane stanowiska jezierzy morskiej Najas marina L. (Hydrocharitaceae) w północno-wschodniej Polsce

100%

Gorniak A. , Zielinski P. , Wiecko A.

nr 3