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1
Content available Kierunki zmniejszenia energochłonności górniczych przenośników taśmowych
100%
Kulinowski P.
Mining – Informatics, Automation and Electrical Engineering
|
2022
|
tom R. 60, nr 3
28--34
PL
W artykule poruszono problematykę oszczędności energii zużywanej przez górnicze przenośniki taśmowe. Wykorzystując pojęcie wskaźnika energochłonności, przedstawiono kierunki ograniczenia zużycia energii przenośników taśmowych przez zastosowanie energooszczędnych podzespołów, modernizację układu napędowego lub wprowadzenie zmian organizacyjno-technicznych w procesie odstawy urobku.
EN
The article discusses the issue of energy savings in the operation of mining belt conveyors. Using the concept of energy consumption indicators, the directions for reducing the energy consumption of belt conveyors are presented by applying energy-efficient components, upgrading the drive system, or introducing organizational and technical changes in the conveying process.
2
Content available Zastosowanie metody magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego do jakościowej oceny zwilżalności skał
63%
Klaja J. , Kulinowski P.
Nafta-Gaz
|
2023
|
tom R. 79, nr 5
291--299
PL
Znajomość zwilżalności skał jest bardzo istotna, gdyż zjawisko to wpływa na ważne właściwości złoża, takie jak: nasycenie resztkowe ropą, względna przepuszczalność i ciśnienie kapilarne. Zrozumienie zwilżalności złoża ma kluczowe znaczenie dla określenia najbardziej efektywnych sposobów wydobycia ropy naftowej. W artykule przedstawiono metodę jakościowej oceny rodzaju zwilżalności skał, w której zasadniczą rolę odgrywają pomiary magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego. Wykorzystuje się tutaj zróżnicowanie czasów relaksacji podłużnej T1, uwarunkowane rozkładem płynów w skale. Wykonanie badań wymagało użycia jednorodnego materiału skalnego. Badania zostały przeprowadzone na dwóch seriach próbek pobranych z dwóch bloków piaskowca: A (piaskowiec szydłowiecki biały) i B (piaskowiec szydłowiecki czerwony). Obydwa piaskowce charakteryzują się dużą jednorodnością, co potwierdzono pomiarami gęstości właściwej, gęstości objętościowej, porowatości helowej oraz badaniami na porozymetrze rtęciowym. Wykonano również standardowe pomiary czasów relaksacji poprzecznej T2 oraz wyznaczono skład mineralny dla reprezentatywnej próbki z piaskowca A i piaskowca B. Piaskowce te cechuje różny typ zwilżalności, co potwierdzono pomiarami współczynnika zwilżalności n standardową metodą elektryczną. W badaniach zastosowano dwa rodzaje płynów złożowych: solankę o mineralizacji 50 g/l oraz ropę naftową. W przypadku badania oddziaływania piaskowców z ropą naftową użyto dwóch rodzajów ropy o różnej lepkości dynamicznej: 7,43 mPa ·s i 1,12 mPa·s. Skały nasycone ropą były przechowywane przez kilka dni w temperaturze około 65°C celem doprowadzenia ich do stanu zwilżenia ropą. Pomiary czasu relaksacji podłużnej T1 wykonano zarówno dla obu serii próbek skał, jak też dla zastosowanych płynów złożowych. Skały badano w stanie pełnego nasycenia, w stanie resztkowego nasycenia oraz po nasiąkaniu (ang. imbibition). Wykonane badania wykazały, że dystrybucja czasów relaksacji podłużnej T1 dobrze obrazuje rozkłady wody i ropy w skałach i może być wykorzystana do jakościowego opisu rodzaju zwilżalności.
EN
Knowledge of rock wettability is very important, as this phenomenon affects important reservoir properties such as residual oil saturation, relative permeability and capillary pressure. Understanding reservoir wettability is crucial for determining the most efficient ways to extract oil. This paper presents a method for qualitatively assessing the type of rock wettability in which nuclear magnetic resonance measurements play an essential role. The variation in longitudinal T1 relaxation times conditioned by the distribution of fluids in the rock was considered here. Performing the tests required the use of homogeneous rock material. The tests were carried out on two series of samples taken from two sandstone blocks: A (Szydłowiec white sandstone) and B (Szydłowiec red sandstone). Both sandstones are characterised by strong homogeneity, as confirmed by measurements of skeletal and bulk density, helium porosity and tests performed on a mercury porosimeter. Standard measurements of T2 transverse relaxation times were also made, and the mineral composition was determined for a representative sample from sandstone A and sandstone B. These sandstones have different types of wettability, as confirmed by measurements of the wettability coefficient n by the standard electrical method. Two types of reservoir fluids were used in the study: brine with 50 g/l mineralization and crude oil. Two types of oil with different dynamic viscosities, 7.43 and 1.12 mPa·s, were used to study the interaction of sandstones with crude oil. The oil-saturated rocks were stored for several days at a temperature of about 65ºC to bring them to a state of oil wetting. Longitudinal relaxation time T1 was measured for both series of rock samples and for the fluids used. The rocks were tested in the fully saturated state, in the residual saturated state and after imbibition. The performed tests showed that the distribution of T1 longitudinal relaxation times effectively illustrates the distributions of water and oil in rocks and can be used to qualitatively describe the type of wettability.
3
Content available Vibration impact on people transported by mining belt conveyors
51%
Góra G. , Iwaniec M. , Kulinowski P. , Gac K.
|
2020
|
tom Vol. 31, nr 1
art. no. 2020109
EN
The paper presents the description and results of experimental research whose purpose was to analyze the vibration influence the miner's body during riding on a belt conveyor for transporting coal. The transport of people on mining belt conveyors is a commonly used method to increase mining efficiency and improve a mine's profitability. The paper presents an assessment of safety and comfort parameters used in transporting people, the effect of strong vibrations on the human body and its internal organs, the measuring system used to record the accelerations during the experiment and the measurement results. The recorded data enabled a dynamic analysis of the movement and an assessment of safety and comfort of transported miners on the basis of defined indicators. The data included the accelerations from the moment of getting on the conveyor belt to the moment of going down onto the platform. The tests were carried out for two different belt conveyor speeds, which allowed to assess how conveyor speed affects safety and comfort of people transported on the mining belt conveyor.
4
Content available Identification of the operating parameters of the friction drum drive in industrial conditions
51%
Kulinowski P. , Kasza P. , Zarzycki J.
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
|
2021
|
tom Vol. 23, no. 1
94--102
EN
The publication presents the results of measurements of the operating parameters of the drum drive of a belt conveyor operating in a copper ore mine. The laboratory and industrial tests of belt conveyor components so far have largely focused on idler sets, the belt and the conveyor route. The authors of the publication notice that the subject literature lacks information on research into the coefficient of friction between the belt and the drum in an industrial facility under real conditions, which may imply that the phenomenon of driving force transmission from the drum surface to the belt has not been thoroughly explored. The investigations described in the publication were aimed at determining the kinetic coefficient of friction between the conveyor belt and the lining of the drive drum under operating conditions. In the first part of the study, preliminary laboratory tests were carried out, whereas in the second part of the study, a mobile, non-invasive measurement system was applied, which allowed for recording the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the conveyor’s operation. During the several dozen minutes of the conveyor’s operation, there were several start-ups and brakings as well as periods of steady operation under variable load on the material handled. The non-typical planned sequence of switching on the drive motors caused a temporary slip of the belt on the drive drum surface during one of the start-ups. The recorded parameters of the conveyor operation enabled determining the operational limit value of the friction coefficient between the belt and the lining of the drive drum.
5
Content available The methodology of testing rotational resistances of the rollers under the operation load
51%
Kulinowski P. , Kasza P. , Zarzycki J.
|
|
tom Vol. 2, Iss. 1
337--343
EN
One of the components that affects the energy consumption of belt conveyors is the rotational resistance of the rollers. In real conditions, the roller is subjected to loads not only radial but also axial, resulting from its cooperation with the belt and the way of installation on the conveyor. Knowledge of these resistances is important not only in the design of conveyors, but also in the improvement and search for new structural solutions of the rollers. The article presents an innovative stand dedicated to the study of rotational resistance of the rollers under operating load, its research capabilities and the results of preliminary tests.
6
Content available The Influence of an Operating Conditions on the Friction Coefficient in Transportation Machines Drives
51%
Kasza P. , Kulinowski P. , Zarzycki J.
New Trends in Production Engineering
|
2020
|
tom Vol. 3, Iss. 1
294--302
EN
The publication presents the construction of the station for testing the friction coefficient under high pressure and low slip velocity values. These conditions of cooperation of friction pairs occur in the drives of transport machines such as belt conveyors and suspended monorails. The value of the friction coefficient, depending on the operating conditions such as moisture and rock or coal dust pollution, has a significant impact on the correct and efficient operation of such drives. The features of the station allow mapping the operating conditions on a laboratory scale. As part of the research, appropriate friction samples made of rubber or polyurethane were prepared. Referring to the conditions of conveyor operation and conditions of contact of the conveyor belt with the drive drum, the values of unit pressures and values of slip speed occurring in the drum drive of the belt conveyor were determined. A series of laboratory tests were carried out for the friction pair rubber drum lining – conveyor belt cover. The tests were carried out for four different states of friction vapor surfaces, namely for dry and wet samples, as well as for samples in clean or contaminated with stone dust. As a result of the tests, the values of friction coefficients for various surface states were determined, which will be valuable information for designers of friction drive systems of transport devices.
7
Content available The Analysis of Effectiveness of Conveyor Belt Tensioning Systems
51%
Kulinowski P. , Kasza P. , Zarzycki J.
New Trends in Production Engineering
|
2020
|
tom Vol. 3, Iss. 1
283--293
EN
The publication presents the evaluation of the effectiveness of belt tensioning systems based on the results of model laboratory tests. The types of tensioning devices most commonly used in industry were selected for testing: winch, gravity, pneumatic and follower. The evaluation of the efficiency of belt tensioning devices is complex, as the tensioning system is not autonomous and is only part of the belt conveyor equipment. Therefore, the publication presents the impact of belt tension force on the durability of basic conveyor components such as the belt and its joints, and drums. The characteristics of the tested belt tensioning devices are presented and the construction and research capabilities of the laboratory model of the belt conveyor are described. Measuring systems mounted on the conveyor are described in detail, enabling recording of variable conveyor operating conditions, measuring belt speed, driving force and belt stress. The results of the research are the experimental static characteristics of the most commonly used tensioning devices, which show the relationship between the drive moment and the belt tensioning force. Obtained characteristics will allow the development of guidelines for the design and selection of the most effective belt tensioning devices.
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