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tom Vol. 7, No. 1
28--34
EN
Research on multi-robot systems often demands the use of a large population of small, cheap, and low capability mobile robots. Many non-trivial behaviors demand these robots to be localized in real-time. This paper addresses the problem of absolute localization of such low capability robots using onboard sensors and local computation. The approach is based on the use of a pair of scan lines perceived by an onboard B&W camera to detect and decode artificial visual landmarks deployed along the environment. Each landmark consists on a dual-layer barcode which can encode its pose with respect to a global coordinate frame. Thus, the robot is not required to store a map of the landmark locations onboard. The method is based on an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) fusing odometry readings with absolute pose estimates obtained from the camera. Experimental results using an e-puck robot with 8 KB of RAM and a 16 MIPs processor are presented, comparing the location estimates with both ground truth and odometry.
EN
The effect of elevational gradients on the richness and composition of communities are reflected by different biotas. The objective of this study was to document changes in the species richness and composition of bats along a tropical elevational gradient between 500 and 2,500 m of elevation in southeastern Brazil. We carried out fieldwork from June 2009 to December 2012 with the use of mist nets. During 32 sampling nights we recorded 270 bats from 22 species. Species richness peaked around low-elevation (500–1,000 m a.s.l.) and there was richness decrease at higher elevations. The analysis of bat assemblage between the elevational range showed a significant difference in species composition along an elevational gradient. Bat richness and abundance were negatively related to altitude.
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