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J. NIZNANSKY AND J. CIGER-HRONSKY: LIFE AS A LEGEND ACCORDING TO THE 'LADY OF CACHTICE' AND 'ANDREAS BUR MASTER'

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Kuzmikova J.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

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2008

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tom 55

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nr 6

422-431

EN

The aim of the study is to compare so called 'popular' fiction versus 'fine' literature. Differences are analyzed both from a structural as well as a cognitive point of view. The approach is not primarily theoretical; our contribution belongs to the field of a basic research. As a 'frame' of the analysis was used the genre of a legend, which helps to select some common features of particular works, just to reveal later their differences. The textual analysis manipulates with two modern novels based upon national legends: 'Cachticka pani' (Lady of Cachtice) by J. Niznansky and 'Andreas Bur Majster' (Andreas Bur Master) by J. Ciger-Hronsky. Although dealing with same emotions of fear, anger and violence, results emphasize opposite value levels of formation of 'popular' versus 'artistic' writing. While 'Cachticka pani' is a creation on a terrible woman (individual), who is defeated by a 'right-full' collective of opponents, modernistic 'Andreas Bur Majster' tells about a strong, noble-minded person, who is killed by an unfair collective. The main points of 'Cachticka pani' are: a negative hero, whose aim is never-ceasing physical beauty, that is why she uses force and commits violence to receive blood as a means of youth; an action conflict is social and epic; a collective of rivals is right-full; the story finishes with a happy-end; the genre is a melodramatic thriller. The main points of 'Andreas Bur Majster' are taken from a diametrically contrasting sphere: a positive character, who wants to exist in a pure, never-ending spiritual life, who prefers a renewal by a sacrifice instead of violence; an action conflict is moral and introvert; a collective of antagonists is unfair; the story is tragic and the genre is a balladic sermon. Thanks to the counter-value structure of both mentioned novels we can better understand needs of a common reader as well as the 'lonely' situation of a modern 'high' literature of the last century, which is said not to have so many readers.

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ON CONCEPTION OF THE BOOK OF RAJENDRA A. CHITNISA. LITERATURE IN POST-COMMUNIST RUSSIA AND EASTERN EUROPE

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Kuzmikova J.

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nr 2-3

206-212

EN

The authoress deals with publication written by a British Slavic scholar (The Russian, Czech and Slovak fiction of the Changes, 1988-1998). She summarizes modifications of Russian, Czech, and Slovak literature in the end of the 20th c.

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THE CRIME OF NON LIVING THINGS BY IVAN HORVATH IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MODERNISTIC VIRTUALITY

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Kuzmikova J.

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tom 53

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nr 3-4

178-183

EN

he aim of the study is to clarify a phenomenon of a modernistic virtuality and some of its expressions in the 20th century arts of 20-ties and 30-ties. The European and Slovak prose in that time reflected the intuitivistic concepts of so called antirational thinking. Mainly Bergson's conception of creative development with its virtual dimensions was an inspirational impact. Moreover today, it offers a base for the post-modern thinking in the history of literature, which intention is not to ignore historical entry of virtual reality in all kinds of the spheres of human activity. This methodological base was applied into the short story written by Ivan Horváth 'Zlocin nezivých veci' (The Crime of Non Living Things, 1932). The analysis showed that he included Bergson's virtuality into the plot of the short story. Due to it, it was possible to analyse a discursive construction of Horváth's text, superior to epistemological course of the story. Discursive style and its connection with the motives of truth and a woman pre-marked poststructuralist, a Derrida like thinking, about the same problems. Research in the history of literature regarding a discursive composition of the texts, as well as the character of artistic virtuality and virtual reality, innovate thinking about values of the epoch of Modernism. The cognitive element of such an approach offers new criteria for understanding of so called realism as a specific co-part of modernistic writing.

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JESENSKY'S REALISM IN THE 'DEMOCRATS'

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Kuzmikova J.

Slovak Review. A Review of World Literature Research

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 2

57-65

EN

Jesensky‘s 'Democrats' is not a realistic work in the sense that it would provide an account of the outer phenomenal reality. Such a view of realism is generally accepted, though no doubt misleading. The novel 'The Democrats' depicts the Slovak society in the 1930s. Time and history are related to the thematic layer of the literary work - the 'real' thematic framework is usually considered the main indicator of the realistic character of artistic prose. The authoress of the study approaches the novel from the cognitive perspective. Her aim is to create a certain foundation from which it would be possible to start the research of the so-called realism in modernism. Therefore, one should take seriously the arguments of cognitive science that the objective theory of meaning based on probabilistic conditions failed; that most of the terms are not classical (completely definable) but on the contrary, most of the every-day language is metaphorical. A rhetorical question may be asked: Is not the classical literary theoretical distinction between semantics and pragmatics useless, if it is obvious that in the human, and thus, also in the literary language, it is not possible to ignore the width and the depth of human experience?