Aerial archaeology, one of the important non-destructive methods of prospection, has recently achieved an unprecedented progress in Europe, also in connection with the development of techniques and technologies. It includes complexes of diverse techniques and solutions in the investigation, discoveries and reconstructions of archaeological landscape. Satellite images, aerial photography for orthophotomaps, LIDAR and oblique aerial photographs made from small heights; all these methods have their advantages, and their combinations are an ideal source for the creation of archaeological landscape. Slovakia has joined the cooperation at the time when aerial prospection began to be implemented as a systematic prospection in the Institute of Archaeology of SAS in Nitra. Despite many technical limitations associated with the applicable regulations and legislation at that time, it can be said that the cooperation has been under way since 1987. The years 1997 – 1998 saw the first project supported by the EU under the programme RAPHAEL – Treasures of our common past in Europe – history written in earth. A common traveling exhibition realized in several countries (United Kingdom, Germany, Czech Republic and Hungary) was successfully presented also in several cities in Slovakia (Bratislava, Nitra, Liptovský Mikuláš, Komárno). As one of 19 institutions from 12 countries, we participated in international cooperation again in the years 2000 – 2007 under the program CULTURE 2000. The currently implemented project – within the program CULTURE – ArchaeoLanscapes – started in 2010 and will run until September 2015. The participation of the Institute of Archaeology of the SAS in Nitra in the project is through the prospection of Žitný ostrov, the largest river island in Central Europe.
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On 17th of May 2013 the workshop with presentations on the long-distance aerial survey in archaeology, its methods and options took place in the premises of the Institute of Archaeology in Nitra. International cooperation and exchange of experience in this field has a long tradition. Aerial archaeology, this one of the most important prospection methods, achieves currently an unprecedented progress in connection with the development of techniques and technology. The seminar program reflected diversity and various options of the aerial prospection with regard to the used data collection devices and evaluation options. The seminar was held under the auspices of the currently ongoing project CULTURE – Archaeo - Landscapes in which also the working group of the Institute of Archaeology in Nitra is included.
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Creation of predictive models involves spatial analyses, usually conducted in GIS environment and determining the qualitative and quantitative properties of the location (site). These analyses are important because they provide parameters and their values for prediction. The article deals with selected spatial analyses with emphasis on their characteristics and properties that can affect their results and thus their applicability in archaeology.
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The article deals with the history of digitalization of the archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Nitra, with the processing of old data stocks in analogue form, and with the entry of GIS systems into this process. The article describes the system of building information levels, database entries and digitalization. It also seeks the possibility of creating a web-based archaeological information environment once the system has been completed.
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