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Dioxygenases ? the key enzymes in the biodegradation of aromatic compounds

100%

Guzik U. , Gren I. , Wojcieszynska D. , Labuzek S.

nr 3

71-88

Progressing degradation of the natural environment has caused an increased interest in the field of biological treatment of both water and soil polluted with different xenobiotics. Aromatic compounds are considered to be one of the most toxic and weakly degraded xenobiotics. The potential solution of the accelerated environment's pollution problem seems to be the bioremediation - the process using the biological organisms to return the environment altered by contaminants to its original condition. Dioxygenases isolated from the microorganisms can be responsible for hydroxylation of the aromatic ring or for its cleavage. Different types of the cleaving dioxygenases have been distinguished due to the kind of the substrate they preferentially can degrade. Cleavage of the aromatic ring facilitates further degradation of xenobiotics, and therefore the dioxygenases are the key enzymes in the biodegradation process of these xenobiotics.

Biodegradation of polyethylene film in the presence of fungi and in soil

100%

Pajak J. , Nowak B. , Labuzek S.

nr 4

214-227

The aim of the investigation was the biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film modified with Bionolle?. The samples in the form of composite films were prepared by homogenization and extrusion. The biodegradation process was performed in the laboratory scale or under environmental conditions. The examined films were placed into different media and incubated in the presence of fungi Aspergillus niger, Penicillium funiculosum and mixed fungi inoculum. Any changes in the various properties of the films after biodegradation were monitored by weight loss, optical and scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The results of the study have proved that fungal growth on the polymer samples containing low amount of polyester depends on the presence of nutrients in media. Sucrose inhibited polymer disintegration more strongly than nutrient broth. FTIR analysis revealed that filamentous fungi biodegraded not only polyester, but also polyethylene. On the contrary, LDPE incubated in soil did not exhibit any chemical changes. This highly hydrophobic polymer was more susceptible to biodegradation only in the presence of Bionolle?.