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Detektory HgCdTe w detekcji wielospektralnej

100%

Pietrzak J.

tom Vol. 49, nr 6

19-30

Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji komputerowej pracy niechłodzonych detektorów HgCdTe. Na podstawie otrzymanych charakterystyk oceniono możliwości zastosowania tych detektorów w detekcji wielospektralnej promieniowania laserowego.

In the work are presented the results of computer's simulation of uncooled HgCdTe detectors. Based on the obtained characteristics the possibility of detector's application in laser radiation multispectral detection is appreciated.

Modeling of bioclimatic skyscrapers' facades with generative design methods

51%

Gawell E. , Nowak A. , Pietrzak J.

tom R. 111, z. 5-B

91--96

Today, the architectural design process is based on developing digital technologies, and the interest in "fitting" buildings into a local microclimate is increasing. The article brings up the subject of modeling skyscrapers’ facades to present the tendency of the generative design methods in the design process of bioclimatic building. As a result, each individual element is adapted to the local microclimate. The results of the design integrated with modeling based on generative methods are mostly unconventional shaped structural forms.

Obecnie proces projektowania opiera się o coraz lepsze wykorzystanie technologii cyfrowych, a zainteresowanie poszukiwaniem budynków "wpisujących się" w lokalny mikroklimat wzrasta. Podjęta tematyka kształtowania elewacji wieżowców ma na celu przedstawienie tendencji do wykorzystywania generatywnych metod w projektowaniu obiektów bioklimatycznych. W ich rezultacie każdy element budynku może być dostosowywany do warunków istniejących w miejscu jego wbudowania. Wynikiem wprowadzenia generatywnego modelowania są często formy strukturalne o niekonwencjonalnych kształtach.

Molecular cytogenic characterization of eight small supernumerary marker chromosomes originating from chromosomes 2, 4, 8, 18, and 21 in three patients

26%

Pietrzak J. , Mrasek K. , Oberszyn E. , Stankiewicz P. , Kosyakova N. , Weise A. , Cheung W. W. , von E. F. , Mazurczak T. , Bocian E. , Liehr T. , Cai W. W.

nr 2

167-175

Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) are a morphologically heterogeneous group of additional structurally abnormal chromosomes that cannot be identified unambiguously by conventional banding techniques alone. Molecular cytogenetic methods enable detailed characterization of sSMCs; however, in many cases interpretation of their clinical significance is problematic. The aim of our study was to characterize precisely sSMCs identified in three patients with dysmorphic features, psychomotor retardation and multiple congenital anomalies. We also attempted to correlate the patients' genotypes with phenotypes by inclusion of data from the literature. The sSMCs were initially detected by G-banding analysis in peripheral blood lymphocytes in these patients and were subsequently characterized using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH), (sub)centromere-specific multicolor FISH (cenM-FISH, subcenM-FISH), and multicolor banding (MCB) techniques. Additionally, the sSMCs in two patients were also studied by hybridization to whole-genome bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) arrays (array-CGH) to map the breakpoints on a single BAC clone level. In all three patients, the chromosome origin, structure, and euchromatin content of the sSMCs were determined. In patient RS, only a neocentric r(2)(q35q36) was identified. It is a second neocentric sSMC(2) in the literature and the first marker chromosome derived from the terminal part of 2q. In the other two patients, two sSMCs were found, as M-FISH detected additional sSMCs that could not be characterized in G-banding analysis. In patient MK, each of four cell lines contained der(4)(:p 11.1 →q 12:) accompanied by a sSMC( 18): r( 18)(:p 11,2→q 11.1::p 11,2→q 11.1:), inv dup( 18)(:p 11.1→ql 1.1::q 11.1→p 11.1:), or der( 18)(:p 11.2→q11.1::ql 1.1→p 11.1:). In patient NP, with clinical features of trisomy 8p, three sSMCs were characterized: r(8)(:p12→q11.1::q11.1→p21:) der(8) (:p11.22→q11.1::q11.1→p21::p21→p11.22:) and der(21)(:p11.1→q21.3:). The BAC array results confirmed the molecular cytogenetic results and refined the breakpoints to the single BAC clone resolution. However, the complex mosaic structure of the marker chromosomes derived from chromosomes 8 and 18 could only be identified by molecular cytogenetic methods. This study confirms the usefulness of multicolor FISH combined with whole-genome arrays for comprehensive analyses of marker chromosomes.