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Antibacterial activity of essential oils of Salvia officinalis growing in Morocco

100%

Lahlou Y. , Moujabbir S. , Aboukhalaf A. , El Amraoui B. , Bamhaoud T.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2023

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tom 74

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nr 4

EN

Background. The bacterial infections treatment is complicated by antibiotic resistance. In this fact, the need for new therapeutic approaches to control bacterial infections is crucial. Therefore, discovering new antibiotics from medicinal plants, able to kill drug-resistant bacteria, is essential to saving modern medicine. Objective. This study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of Salvia officinalis essential oil (SoEO) growing in Morocco. Material and methods. The essential oil was extracted by hydro distillation, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by agar dilution method. The essential oil was analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and fractionated/purified using column chromatography followed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Results. The results revealed that SoEO showed higher antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Citrobacter freundii. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, and purification/fractionation of SoEO, indicates that the most polar fraction F6 is the active fraction of SoEO. This finding can be explained by the existence of polar compounds in this fraction including alcohols, and phenols as thymol, eugenol, globulol, and spathulenol. Conclusions. It can be conclude that alcohols and phenols from Salvia officinalis essential oil (SoEO) have promising antibacterial activity. This action can offer a great possibility of the application of SoEO in the treatment of bacterial diseases.

2

Antimicrobial activities of essential oils of plants species from Morocco against some microbial strains

86%

Bouftila B. , Abdessadek M. , Ben-Saghroune H. , Sbihi K. , Ouahmane L. , Amri O. , El Amraoui B.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2024

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tom 75

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nr 2

EN

Background. Essential oils have important antibacterial activities and can successfully replace antibiotics, which show their inefficiency, especially against fungi and multi-resistant bacteria. Objective. The main purpose of our research was to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils from fifteen plants harvested in the Taroudant region. Material and Methods. In this work, the essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The method of disc diffusion in agar medium (aromatogram) is the one used to evaluate the activity of these essential oils against four pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp., and Enterococcus cloacae) and two yeasts (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans). Results. Our findings, show that all of the plants’ leaves yielded extremely aromatic essential oils that differed in look and color. Furthermore, the 93.33% of the fifteen essential oils that were evaluated proved to be effective against at least one kind of bacteria or fungus. This suggests that the proportion of essential oils with no antibacterial action was rather low, at around 7%. Our data also showed that the freshness or dryness of the plant at the time of harvest could affect the extraction rate of essential oils. This screening showed us that these essential oils present inhibitory activities towards the studied Gram+ bacteria, as well as a resistance against Gram-, in particular Enterococcus cloacae. Conclusion. These essential oils can therefore be used in the prevention and treatment of certain infectious diseases and to fight against bacteria that are multi-resistant to the usual antibiotics.

3

Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Moroccan wild edible plants selected based on ethnobotanical evidence

86%

Aboukhalaf A. , Lahlou Y. , Kalili A. , Moujabbir S. , Elbiyad J. , El Amraoui B. , Belahsen R.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2024

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tom 75

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nr 3

EN

Background. Despite the extensive literature focusing on identifying novel antimicrobials of plant origin, little work has been undertaken to examine the antimicrobial activity of wild edible plants. Objective. The current research aimed to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of some common wild edible plants. Material and Methods. Disc diffusion and broth micro dilution methods were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts of Mercurialis annua, Ziziphys lotus, Rubia peregrina, Origanum vulgare, Papaver rhoeas, Foeniculum vulgare, and Dysphania ambrosioides against known human microorganisms’ pathogens. Results. The result indicated that most of the extracts exhibited a range of in vitro growth inhibitory action against all bacterial strains and yeasts tested with inhibition zones ranging from 11 mm to 32 mm, MIC value ranging from 0.048 to 50 mg/ml and MBC and MFC values ranging from 0.048 to 100 mg/ml. Among the seven plant extracts tested, O. vulgare was the most effective showing high antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains. All plant extracts exhibited bactericidal activities against all the tested bacteria strains except for those of R. peregrina, P. rhoeas and F. vulgare which showed a bacteriostatic activity against E. coli and Pseudomonas sp. Antifungal activity was shown only by O. vulgare, F. vulgare and D. ambrosioides against both C. albicans and C. neoformans. Conclusion. These findings highlight the potential of wild edible plants to control human pathogenic microbes and demonstrate that these plants could be used as starting points for the development of novel antimicrobial compounds.

4

Mineral elements of some wild plants of traditional uses in the Moroccan Rif Mountains

72%

Essaih S. , Aboukhalaf A. , Sahel K. , Elbiyad J. , Atouife S. , Naciri K. , Kalili A. , El Amraoui B. , Belahsen R.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2024

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tom 75

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nr 3

EN

Background. Wild edible plants (WEPs) that are part of the Mediterranean diet and used in Moroccan traditional food and therapy are now less or not used. This requires their valorization to avoid the threat of their disappearance. The objective of this work was therefore to determine the mineral content in the parts of some WEPs species used for their health benefits in the Rif in Morocco. Material and Methods. The parts of the WEPs species used, the leaves of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) masters, the aerial parts of Lavandula stoechas L., the stems of Rubia peregrina L., the seeds of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur., known under the local names of Laaraar, Halhal, Foua, and Kamoun soufi respectively, are washed with distilled water, dried in an oven and crushed. The extracts of the powders obtained are analyzed for the quantification of mineral elements by ICP spectrophotometer. Results. The analysis results of ICP-OES show that the aerial parts of Lavandula stoechas L. are rich in K, Mg, Fe, Na, and Zn. The stems of Rubia peregrina L. are rich in Fe, Na, Mg, Zn, K, Ca, and Mn. The leaves of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) masters are rich in Fe, Ca, K, Na, Mn and Mg and the seeds of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. are rich in K, Ca, Mg, Na. Conclusion. The results reported in the samples of the WEPs analyzed present significant contents in minerals, in particular in K, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn and Mn and show that in addition to their medicinal values these species have a nutritional potential and could contribute to the dietary balance.