Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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RIZOMÉLIA V SLOVENSKOM PRAVEKU A VO VČASNEJ DOBE DEJINNEJ

100%

Jakab J.

Študijné zvesti

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2018

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nr 64

81 - 87

EN

In Archaeological Institute the SAS in Nitra mutually within anthropological analysis found out a very rare casuistic, called „shortened shoulder bone“: in one prehistoric settlement pit and once in early medieval grave. The shape and surface were rated macroscopically, structure were rated by sciagrams. It is a defect of development and grow apart of proximal part of shoulder bones, i. e. they were unsymmetrical shortened and deformed due to achondroplasia, obviously it was rhisomelia.

2

ANTROPOLOGICKÁ ANALÝZA BIRITUÁLNEHO LATÉNSKEHO POHREBISKA V PALÁRIKOVE

100%

Jakab J.

Študijné zvesti

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2016

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nr 60

97 - 148

EN

Classical anthropological analysis of bone remains from part of the LaTène burial ground in Palárikovo, Dolné Križovany site. The Institue of Archaeology of SAS in Nitra carried out a rescue research on the site in 1970 – 1973. It was led by B. Benadík. From the total number of 95 uncovered burials, only seven contained cremated anthropological material. It is the most numerous and most complete collection of bone remains from the LaTène culture from Slovakia discovered so far. The anthropological analysis was applied to bone remains of 89 individuals. In men, medium skull construction prevailed as well as presence of forehead protuberances, reduced tuberculum marginale and tubera mentalia. Besides prevailing medium skulls, robust skulls of women occur. This tendency was more significant in creating a more robust relief of muscle insertions on skulls and in the tendency to ellipse shape and rounded iliums of foramen obturatum. The anthropological analysis is complemented with figures, tables and plates of measures and indices and basic statistical parameters. Male tendency to feminization was expressed in relatively short and subtle plates as well as in femur and tibia. Compared to men, women had rather wide faces and wide nasal foramen. The most probable conclusion from the detected differences in face proportions and in long bones of lower limbs is their different origin. Occurrence or frequency of anomalies and pathological changes in bones did not bring any new knowledge. Traces of cuts and fractures from perimortal period were recorded on bones of individuals from undisturbed burials. Values of primary analysis data in tables and figures are a precious source for further investigations.

3

QUESTIONABLE SKULL TREPANATIONS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS OF HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS FROM SLOVAKIA

100%

Jakab J.

Študijné zvesti

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2023

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tom 70

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nr 2

213 – 220

EN

The aetiology of openings in the skull can be of different origin. Apart from disease, they can be associated with intentional surgical interventions, accidents, or violent encounters. It is not easy to distinguish between individual types of openings, especially if showing signs of healing. In general, it seems that especially the re-evaluation of skull openings labelled as ‘trepanations’ is required, as most of the lesions seem to have been insufficiently documented and/or may have been misdiagnosed, as demonstrated in this article on the example of cases from Slovakia. By providing detailed description of skull perforations caused by trepanation and those caused by injury, the author of the article discusses the allegedly trepanned Early Bronze Age skulls from Slovakia, pointing to the need of proper documentation and anthropological evaluation of the perforated skulls in general.

4

HIP LUXATION AND ITS MANIFESTATIONS ON A PELVIS OF A MAN FROM THE EARLY BRONZE AGE FROM LUDANICE-MÝTNA NOVÁ VES (SLOVAKIA)

63%

Jakab J. , Bátora J.

Študijné zvesti

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2020

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tom 67

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nr 2

207 - 216

EN

The paper presents an exceptional skeletal material bearing an implicit information on diseases and living conditions of the Early Bronze Age society in the territory of present-day Slovakia. Archaeological research in Ludanice-Mýtna Nová Ves, performed by the Institute of Archaeology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Nitra under the supervision of Jozef Bátora, revealed the cemetery that had been used by two consecutive Early Bronze Age populations of the Nitra and the Únětice cultures (2200–1900 cal. BC). A total of 606 graves were examined. Skeletal remains buried in Grave 501 were different from others: unusual bone changes were observed in the skeleton, especially as regards the bony socket for the femoral head of the dislocated left femur. The socket was located at the posterior side of the ilium, suggesting development of neo-acetabulum. The finding represents the first paleopathological case of its kind from prehistoric Slovakia, its uniqueness lying in providing new information about health status, living conditions, as well as interpersonal relationships in Early Bronze Age populations.