Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Stem cells in nephrology: present status and future

100%

Watorek E. , Klinger M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2006

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tom 54

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nr 1

45-50

EN

Stem cell biology is currently developing rapidly because of the potential therapeutic utility of stem cells. The ability to acquire any desired phenotype raises hope for regenerative therapies. Manipulation of these cells is a potentially valuable tool; however, the mechanisms of stem cell differentiation and plasticity are currently beyond our control. In the field of nephrology, the presence of adult kidney stem cells has been debated. Renal adult stem cells may be descendants of some early kidney progenitors or may be derived from bone marrow. Evidence of a hematopoietic stem-cell contribution to renal repair encourages the possibility of bone marrow or stem cell transplantation as a means of treating autoimmune glomerulopathies. The transplantation of fetal kidney tissue containing renal progenitors which then develop into functional nephrons is a step towards renal regeneration. According to recent reports, the development of functional nephrons from human mesenchymal stem cells in rodent whole-embryo culture is possible. Establishing in vitro self organs from autologous stem cells would be a promising therapeutic solution in light of the shortage of allogenic organs and the unresolved problem of chronic allograft rejection.

2

Impairment of endothelial function in hypertension, possibilities of evaluation using laboratory methods

100%

Krasnowski R. , Klinger M.

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

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1996

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tom 50

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nr 1

65-80

EN

An overview of literature data concerning the interactions between hypertension and vascular endothelium is presented. Arterial hypertension is accompanied by morphological and functional changes of endothelium. The laboratory methods measuring endothelial damage are very useful tools in evaluation of endothelium state.

3

Pathogenesis of immune deficiency in chronic renal failure patients

80%

Zmonarski S. C. , Klinger M. , Puziewicz-Zmonarska A.

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

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1995

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tom 49

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nr 4

487-512

EN

Up to day pathogenesis of immune deficiency in chronic renal failure have not been clearly elucidated.There is no agreement where is situated the primary disturbance that makes that category of patients more susceptible to infections and neoplasms.Possible influence of many biochemical abnormalities and effect of renal replacement therapies on main elements of immune system are discussed.

4

Wegener?s granulomatosis ? autoimmunity to neutrophil proteinase 3

80%

Watorek E. , Boratynska M. , Klinger M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2003

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tom 51

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nr 3

157-167

EN

Wegener?s granulomatosis is a small vessel vasculitis, associated with various clinical manifestations, among which the most common are respiratory tract disease and glomerulonephritis leading to renal failure. Pathogenesis of vascular injury in Wegener?s granulomatosis is ascribed to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies directed (ANCA) mainly against proteinase 3, an enzyme from neutrophil granules. The reasons for breakdown of self-tolerance to proteinase 3 are unknown and together with molecular mechanisms underlying this immunoinflammation are the subject of research. Standard treatment of Wegener?s granulomatosis consists of cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids. In patients resistant to that therapy or with the refractory disease some alternative strategies involving tumor necrosis factor blocade, polyclonal antithymocyte globulin or monoclonal anti-T cell antibodies are applied.

5

The role of heparanase in diseases of the glomeruli

80%

Szymczak M. , Kuzniar J. , Klinger M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 1

45-56

EN

The glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is a kind of net that remains in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are among its most important components. There are much data indicating the significance of these proteoglycans in protecting proteins such as albumins from penetrating to the urine, although some new data indicate that loss of proteoglycans does not always lead to proteinuria. Heparanase is an enzyme which cleaves 1,4 d-glucuronic bonds in sugar groups of HSPGs. Thus it is supposed that heparanase may have an important role in the pathogenesis of proteinuria. Increased heparanase expression and activity in the course of many glomerular diseases was observed. The most widely documented is the significance of heparanase in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, heparanase acts as a signaling molecule and may influence the concentrations of active growth factors in the GBM. It is being investigated whether heparanase inhibition may cause decreased proteinuria. The heparanase inhibitor PI-88 (phosphomannopentaose sulfate) was effective as an antiproteinuric drug in an experimental model of membranous nephropathy. Nevertheless, this drug is burdened by some toxicity, so further investigations should be considered.