Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Factors which shape the load of water ecosystems with mineral nitrogen runoffs in rural areas

100%

Szymczyk S.

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2010

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tom Vol. 39, No.1

103-110

EN

The present study of factors which affect the load of water ecosystems with mineral nitrogen compounds (N-NH_4 and N-NO_3) was conducted in the Olsztyn Lake District and covered the time period from 1992 to 1999. Three capture basins were investigated: agricultural drained with a drain network, agricultural drained with a drainage ditch, and agricultural-forested drained with scattered drains and ditches. It was found that the concentration and load of mineral forms of nitrogen in waters running off from rural areas were closely dependent on meteorological conditions, the kind of artificial drainage system in use, and the type of land use in the catchment area. In waters carried away through the drainage systems, average annual concentrations of N-NH4 ranged from 0.16 mg dm^-3 (the agricultural capture basin drained with ditches) to 1.09 mg dm^-3 (the agricultural catchment drained with a network of drains); the amounts of N-NO_3 ranged from 0.29 mg dm^-3 (the agricultural-forested catchment) to 8.06 mg dm-3 (the agricultural catchment drained with a network of drains). It was also observed that a larger share of arable lands in the land use structure in a given catchment caused an increase in the load of N-NO_3 determined in drained waters. In addition, it was confirmed that the amounts of mineral nitrogen carried away with drained waters annually varied from 12.78 kg N (6.7 kg N on average) per 1 ha of an agriculturally used catchment, of which N-NO_3 was a dominant form (12.23 kg).

2

Wplyw nawozenia azotem i wilgotnosci gleby na ksztaltowanie sie elementow struktury plonu pszenzyta jarego

63%

Koc J. , Szymczyk S.

Fragmenta Agronomica

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2002

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tom 19

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nr 2

118-127

3

Dynamika mineralizacji organicznych związków azotuw glebach murszowych a zawartość azotu azotanowego i amonowego w wodach gruntowych na obiekcie Łąki Dymerskie

63%

Pawluczuk J. , Szymczyk S.

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2008

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tom T. 8, z. 2b

105-115

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dynamiki zawartości mineralnych związków azotu w glebach murszowych i wodach gruntowych na obiekcie Łąki Dymerskie, położonym na Pojezierzu Mrągowskim. Badano zawartość N-NO3 i N-NH4 w czterech porach roku, w różnych warunkach siedliskowych, w glebach gytiowo-murszowych wytworzonych z gytii mineralno-organicznej MgyIIhh, glebach torfowo-murszowych MtI35gy wytworzonych z torfu turzycowiskowego zalegają-cego na gytii organicznej i glebach torfowo-murszowych wytworzonych z torfu szuwarowego MtIIbb. Gleby MgyIIhh i MtI35gy znajdowały się pod ekstensywnie użytkowanąłąką, a gleba MtIIbb pod pastwiskiem. W wodach gruntowych profilu gleb torfowo-murszowych i gytiowo-murszowych określono sezonowe stężenie N-NO3 i N-NH4. Proces mineralizacji organicznych związków azotu w glebach murszowych na obiekcie Łąki Dymerskie był zróżnicowany w poszczególnych porach roku i zależał od poziomu wód gruntowych i związanego z tym uwilgotnienia gleb, rodzaju materii organicznej i sposobu użytkowania. Najwięcej azotu mineralnego uwalniało sięw glebie MtIIbb pod pastwiskiem w okresie letnim. W procesie mineralizacji organicznych związków azotu dominowała forma N-NO3, której zawartość w glebie mieściła się w przedziale od 32,7 do 49,9 mg·dm-³. W glebach torfowo-murszowych MtIc35gy i gytiowo-murszowych MgyIIhh użytkowanych łąkowo proces mineralizacji organicznych związków azotu był wolniejszy. W badaniach stwierdzono, że w przypadku ekstensywnego zagospodarowania użytków zielonych większe stężenie N-NO3 występowało w wodach gruntowych pod łąkami niż pod pastwiskami. Było to efektem większej fitosorpcji azotu przez roślinność pastwiskową oraz niskiego poziomu wód gruntowych, który nie sprzyjał migracji N-NO3 w głąb profilu glebowego i do wód gruntowych.

EN

The paper presents results of a study on mineral nitrogen dynamics in muck soils and groundwaters in Dymerskie Meadows located in Mrągowo Lakeland. The content of N-NO3 and N-NH4 in gyttja-muck soils made of mineral and organic gyttja MgyIIhh, in peat-muck soils MtI35gy made of sedge peat lying on organic gyttja and in peat-muck soils made of rush peat MtIIbb was analysed during four seasons in different habitat conditions. MgyIIhh and MtI35gy soils were extensively used and the MtIIbb soil was used as a pasture. Seasonal variability of N-NO3 and N-NH4 concentrations was determined in groundwaters of these soils. Mineralisation of organic nitrogen compounds in muck soils of Dymerskie Meadows differed in particular seasons and depended on groundwater level and resulting soil humidity, on a type of organic matter and on soil management. Most N-mineral was released in the MtIIbb soil under a pasture in summer. Nitrate-N was the dominant form in the mineralisation process of organic nitrogen compounds. Its concentration ranged between 32.7 and 49.9 mg·dm-³. In the MtIc35gy and MgyIIhh soils under meadows organic nitrogen mineralisation was slower. Higher concentrations of N-NO3 were found in groundwaters under extensively managed grasslands than under a pasture. It was the effect of higher phytosorption of nitrogen by pasture plants and of the low level of groundwaters which did not support N-NO3 migration into deeper soil layer and into groundwaters.

4

The influence of weather conditions on mid-field ponds situated in a reclaimed area in Sępopolska Plain

51%

Cymes I. , Cymes I. , Dragańska E. , Szymczyk S.

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2010

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tom Vol. 39, No.1

75-84

EN

The investigations were conducted in northeastern Poland near Lidzbark Warmiński (54°08" N, 20° 36" E). Five mid-field ponds situated on grasslands were chosen: four of them were dredged and deepened, and one of them remained as a natural reservoir. The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of weather conditions on the quantity and quality of water in mid-field ponds situated in agricultural areas. It was found that the quantity of water in mid-field ponds was related much more to the air temperature, which was responsible for either water evaporation or snow melting, rather than to the amount of precipitation. The reduction in the volume of water stored in the ponds during very dry years had a negative influence on its quality. During the observation period, the dredged ponds were characterized by permanent water tables, whereas the natural reservoir dried out in very dry years. Atmospheric conditions influenced the concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and calcium and chlorine ions in the studied water bodies. The volume of water retained in mid-field ponds influenced the concentrations of phosphorus and sulphates. Increased precipitation sums caused lower water pH; however in warmer periods, at increased pH and CODCr, a decrease in dissolved oxygen was noted. It was revealed that increases in precipitation sums during the year caused increases in the load of mineral nitrogen and calcium and magnesium ions in pond water.

5

Wplyw intensywnosci rolnictwa na stan wod malych zbiornikow w krajobrazie rolniczym

45%

Koc J. , Szymczyk S. , Cymes I. , Szyperek U. , Skwierawski A.

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2002

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tom 130

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nr 1

357-362

6

Szacowanie szkod lowieckich

32%

Szymczyk S.

Łowiec Polski

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1997

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nr 07

18