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EN
One new Heteronema cf. distigmoides Christen and three rare taxa of H. acus (Ehrenberg) Stein, H. spirale KLEBS and H. nebulosum (Dujardin) Klebs were reported for the Polish flora. All of them were found in the mesotrophic Lake Piaseczno and in a small village pond in Kaniwola, in 2002. Both water reservoirs are situated on the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland (Eastern Poland). The above mentioned species are new to the flora of the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland, probably because of insufficient research, which was carried out on euglenophytes in this area previously. All the presented species are described thoroughly and illustrated in this paper.
EN
Mining activities affect a landscape in different ways, including by the formation of subsidence troughs, which after being inundated form wetlands and lakes. The development of new mining reservoirs may give a unique opportunity to study the early stages of colonization by various freshwater communities, including phytoplankton. Our paper presents the results of phycological research undertaken in newly formed subsidence reservoir near the coal mine “Bogdanka” (Polesie Lubelskie) a few months after its filling with water. The reservoir represented a unique, rare limnologic type due to the fact that it disappeared as a result of intended melioration works in the autumn of the same year. The study focused on morphometric measurements of the episodic reservoir, determination of general physicochemical parameters of water, and qualitative and quantitative structure of the phytoplankton community, was undertaken in five separated basins. A total of 80 algal taxa were determined. Most of them belonged to euglenoids (Euglenophyta-36) and green algae (Chlorophyta-26). Among euglenoids, most species were represented by Trachelomonas genus (14), while among green algae, most species were assigned to Scenedesmus genus (8). Several rare species were found, including: Scenedesmus bacillaris Gutw., Dinobryon petiolatum Willén, and Trachelomonas botanica Playfair. Green algae and euglenoids also had major contributions to the total phytoplankton abundance, which in all study sites did not exceed 2.2×10⁶ ind.·dm⁻³. This phytoplankton structure was probably influenced by the high water color related to particular and dissolved organic matter from pre-existing alder forests. Some differences in phytoplankton structure found among sampling sites were probably connected with habitat differentiation in terms of exposure to light.
EN
Initiation of tissue culture of many plant species is a very difficult stage due to appearance of many contaminations. The other problem might be a choice of media for regeneration. Initiation of grass species tissue cultures are thought to be very difficult. Therefore, a research was undertaken to evaluate the use of nano-silver particles for plant material disinfection and to estimate a medium Pennisetum alopecuroides. The plant material were buds and nodal explants that were disinfected in 2% NaOCl for 30 min or 0.1% HgCl2 for 1 min. Half of the explants disinfected with NaOCl were soaked in 50, 100 or 250 mg·dm–3 Ag NPs for 1 hour. Explants not soaked in nano-silver were placed on media with Ag NPs at concentrations of 4, 8 or 16 mg·dm–3. An influence of growth regulators on Pennisetum alopecuroides was evaluated in vitro. Regenerated shoots were placed on MS media with: 3 mg·dm–3 BA + 0.3 mg·dm–3 IBA, 3 mg·dm–3 KIN + + 0.3 mg·dm–3 IAA, 1 mg·dm–3 BA + 0.1 mg·dm–3 IBA. It was observed that the use of nano-silver particles lowered the level of contamination. The best results were obtained when Ag NPs was used at concentration of 100–250 mg·dm–3 alone or as a supplementation of the media, at concentration of 4 mg·dm–3 for nodes and 16 mg·dm–3 for adventitious buds. The use of nodal explants allowed to obtain less contamination. Regeneration depended on a media content. The most regenerated shoots were obtained on the MS media supplemented with 1 mg·dm–3 BA and 0.1 mg·dm–3 IBA.
EN
The composition and abundance of cyanobacteria in three lakes of the Polesie Lubelskie (East Poland) were studied in summer periods. Vertical distribution of these algae was analysed in two depths - in epilimnion and deoxygenated metalimnion. Species composition and domination was similar for these two sites. It means that the species like: Limnothrix planctonica (Wołosz.) Meffert, Limnothrix redekei (Van Goor) Meffert, Planktothrixs agardhii (Gom.) Anagn. et Kom., Woronichinianaegeliana (Unger) Elenk. and Microcystis viridis (A. Braun in Rabenhorst) Lemm. are not affected by turbulence of water as well as by oxygen conditions.
EN
The studies were carried out in six humic lakes (Polesie Region, Eastern Poland) in order to present a role of phytoplankton in relation to physical and chemical parameters characteristic of particular processes. On the basis of physical and chemical properties of waters (SD, colour, pH, EC, Ca2+, DIC, DOC), these lakes are divided into three groups: dystrophic (Lakes Orchowe and Płotycze), humoeutrophic (Lakes Brudzieniec and Pereszpa) and mesoeutrophic (Lakes Moszne and Długie). The occurrence of dystrophication, humoeutrophication or eutrophication processes is clearly reflected in the phytoplankton composition and its abundance, as well as its biomass. In both dystrophic and humoeutrophic lakes, flagellates dominated in the phytoplankton. Among them, the invasive species Gonyostomum semen was very abundant. Mesoeutrophic lakes were characterized by other phytoplankton composition, mainly by non-flagellate species (green algae).
EN
The aim of the work was to evaluate the influence of cytokinins on in vitro propagated dahlia and their consequent effect on acclimatization. Plant material consisted of shoot tips and nodes. Among the three cytokinins, benzyladenine, kinetin and 2-isopentenyl-adenine, only BA effectively stimulated the shoot multiplication from axiliary buds. The highest multiplication rate was obtained from nodes in the presence of 0.25– 0.5 mg·dm–3 BA. Higher concentrations shortened the internodes and decreased the leaf blades and growth of callus. 1 mg·dm–3 of KIN and 2iP positively influenced the shoot growth and size of leaves. Gibberellic acid (GA3) used with BA increased the number of auxillary shoots. The best quality shoots and the highest multiplication rate were obtained when 2 mg·dm–3 BA was used with 5 mg·dm–3 GA3. Cytokinins affected the rooting and acclimatization ex vitro. Dahlia shoots multiplicated in the presence of 1 mg·dm–3 KIN or 2iP rooted faster in the soil and 100% survived in field, while those from 1 mg·dm–3 BA media rooted slowly, had shorter shoots and only 60% of them survived. Plants bloomed after 11–12 weeks in the field. Dahlia plants that had been multiplicated in the presence of KIN had larger diameter and fresh weight in the field. BA and 2iP positively influenced the flower diameter, length of flower stalk and a number of the first-order shoots.
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