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1
Content available Rozwojowe współoddziaływanie pokoleń w rodzinie. Rodzice w wieku średnim i dorastające dzieci
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Bakiera L.
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nr 1
PL
Developmental co-influence of generation in family. Parents in the middle-age and their adolescent childrenThe main attention in the article is paid to the problem of correspondence between the development of middle-aged adults and their adolescent child. The most important experience is achieved in the family, so the family is called the primary context of human development. Performing parental roles is an activity which is conducive to human development. The variety of changes in adolescence and their peculiarity cause the relationship between parents and adolescents to be problematic, so parents should be very sensitive and candid to children’s problems. They must be flexible as tutors. Activity in the middle-age, which contains different parents’ behaviour, such as being interested in their adolescent children, helping them in their maturation and permission to their growing autonomy bring about a sense of being creative and protect people in this stage of life from the selfish concentration on their own problems. So children could be a chance for a parent’s development, chance of satisfying the need of giving and creating in relation to the younger generation, the need characteristic of this developmental stage. On the other hand adolescents need their parents to grow to be adult, need their emotional and instrumental assistance.Middle-aged parents who lack awareness of the growing teenager's need of developmental changes do not stimulate the child's development and, more importantly, delay the child's and their own personal development. Reciprocal dependence both of the generation in this stage of developmental changes is evident in particular.
2
Content available Iwona Janicka, Hanna Liberska (red.) (2014). Psychologia rodziny. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN (ss. 682)
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Bakiera L.
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne
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2015
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tom XX
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nr 1
134-140
3
Content available Zaangażowanie w rodzicielstwo na tle współczesnej rodziny
100%
Bakiera L.
Kultura i Edukacja
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2014
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nr 2(102)
146-172
EN
Parental experiences are integrated into a complex system of cultural, social and economic processes. Dichotomous view of reality in which the high valuation of family and parenthood in Poland follow in the wake of negative demographic indicators contradict presented assessments. So there is a question about causes of the current state and how the issue of functioning in parental roles relates to the postmodernism, for which affirmation of independence and lack of commitment is characteristic. This paper presents an attempt to define involvement in parenting and research project that came as a result of searching an answer to the question about the correlation between parental involvement and self-creation of adults. Because parenting expresses interpersonal dimension of the individual activity, its quality has two-subjective consequences, i.e. it affects both sides of the parent-child relationship. Therefore, the second aspect of reported studies concerns the correlation between parenting involvement and education, recognized in terms of parental attitudes. The results indicate the possibility to notice implications of parental involvement expressed in self-creation experience of adults and desirable condition of child development, as defined mainly by parental attitude of acceptance. Involved parents actively participate in the care and upbringing of children and such activity promotes a sense of self-improvement. The idea of self-creation as a result of the parental role contradicts the attitude defined as freedom from children (called childfree), according to which the care and education of children are the source of limited individual development.
4
Content available Postawy młodych dorosłych wobec małżeństwa
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Bakiera L.
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nr 3
PL
Young adults attitudes towards marriageThe nature of marriage interactions – multifaceted relations, their long duration and intensity – makes experiences gathered by adults in contact with their spouse rich developmental source. Functioning in the marriage could be viewed as a developmental task (Havighurst) and as an attempt at positive solution of intimacy crisis (Erikson). It’s interesting how young people see marriage nowadays, how they label it, where they see marriage restrictions and challenges. Answers to these questions are especially important today, in time of dynamic changes in scope of family, when such form of family life as cohabitation and single life grow as a real alternative to institutionalized marriage. Changes associated with the occurrence of family heterogeneousness appear mainly in young generation, subjected to the influence of westernization. The transmission of family life model from western countries takes place in connection with the promotion of individual values, such as independence, autonomy, personal pleasure. In this context the issue of marriage valuation is raised among young adults.
5
Content available The need to believe in the power of reason and in a rational order. Polemical comment
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Bakiera L.
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne
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2023
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tom XXVIII
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nr 3
284-293
PL
Istotą postępu naukowego jest wątpienie w dotychczasowe ustalenia oraz poszukiwanie nowych wyników badań i ich interpretacji. Dlatego debata akademicka dopuszcza kwestionowanie przyjętych ujęć i formułowanie krytycznych stanowisk. W reakcji na pytania, wokół których zbudowany został wykład Janusza Trempały wygłoszony podczas 30. Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Psychologii Rozwojowej, nasuwa się kilka wątpliwości. Ich wyartykułowanie jest poszukiwaniem alternatywnych twierdzeń. W takiej intelektualnej eksploracji pomocne mogą być kolejne pytania. Artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na zadane podczas wykładu pytania, opracowaną w postaci czterech komentarzy. W ten sposób powstał zeksterioryzowany wewnętrzny dialog zainicjowany wykładem. Komentarze dotyczą doboru przesłanek podczas wnioskowania o rzeczywistości, relacji między wiarą a naukowym obrazem świata, myślenia postformalnego w odniesieniu do zaufania wobec wiedzy naukowej oraz tezy o braku dobrej teorii zachowania i rozwoju człowieka.
EN
The essence of scientific progress is doubting previous findings and searching for new research results and their interpretations. Therefore, academic debate allows for questioning the adopted approaches and formulating critical positions. In response to the questions around which Janusz Trempała’s lecture was built during the 30th National Conference of Developmental Psychology, several doubts arise. Articulating them is a search for alternative statements. Further questions may be helpful in such intellectual exploration. The article is an attempt to answer the questions asked during the lecture, prepared in the form of four comments. In this way, an externalized internal dialogue initiated by the lecture was created. Comments concern the selection of premises when inferring about reality, the relationship between faith and the scientific image of the world, post-formal thinking about trust in scientific knowledge and the thesis about the lack of a good theory of human behavior and development.
6
Content available Zaangażowane rodzicielstwo w kontekście satysfakcji małżeńskiej i zawodowej
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Bakiera L.
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EN
The issues broached by the article concern the interdependence of social roles assumed by adults. From the point of view of optimal conditions for offspring development, the level of adults’ involvement in parenting tasks and the degree to which the involvement depends on their professional and marital satisfaction is signifi cant. It is assumed, that involvement in the role of a mother or father has an effect on the functioning of both adults and their children, nalogous to professional involvement, which yields individual (shaping abilities and self esteem) and supra- individual (affecting an organisation’s efficiency) consequences. The article presents an attempt at an operationalization of involvement in parenting and the results of the relationships of the aforementioned adult activity areas. The research indicates that the exposed dependency is based on a correlation between both the overall marital satisfaction as well as its individual aspects. Whereas linear regression analysis indicates that the relationship between self-fulfi lment in a marriage, spouse intimacy and involvement in parenting is not statistically signifi cant. Also the level of marital disillusionment does not allow us to forecast adult involvement in parental tasks. The variable pertaining to marital satisfaction signifi cant for parental involvement is spousal similarity. Individuals who see similarities between themselves and their spouse exhibit higher levels of involvement. On the other hand, generalised professional satisfaction is not signifi cant when it comes to parental involvement. Only colleague satisfaction constitutes a significant, albeit weak predictor for parental involvement.
7
Content available Komunikacja interpersonalna kobiet z zaburzeniem osobowości typu borderline w związkach kohabitacyjnych
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Bakiera L. , Czarnecka A.
Człowiek i Społeczeństwo
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2020
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tom 50
EN
The authors discuss in the article interpersonal communication in cohabitation relationships of women with a borderline personality disorder. 91 women aged between 21 and 40 who were in a consensual relationship participated in the research. The classification of the respondents to the criterion group was determined by the result obtained in the Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI) by F. Leichsenring in the Polish adaptation of Lidia Cierpiałkowska. 43 women were included in the criterion group, and the control group consisted of 48 women. The research also used the Marriage and Partnership Communication Questionnaire by Maria Kaźmierczak and Mieczysław Plopa. The analysis of the obtained results showed that women with borderline personality disorder show more depressing and less supportive and engaged communication behaviors compared to women without this disorder, both in self-perception and in the assessment of the partner’s communication behavior.
8
Content available Kwestionariusze do badania psychicznych atrybutów dorosłości – podstawy teoretyczne, konstrukcja narzędzi i ich psychometryczna weryfikacja
63%
Wysota M. , Bakiera L.
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne
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2019
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tom XXIV
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nr 3
271-291
PL
W artykule zostaną zaprezentowane: 1) etapy konstrukcji kwestionariuszy służących do pomiaru psychicznych przejawów dorosłości, 2) ich właściwości psychometryczne, a także 3) podstawowe założenia teoretyczne, na podstawie których zostały one zbudowane. W skład zestawu kwestionariuszy wchodzą dwa narzędzia: Kwestionariusz Kompetencji Psychicznych Osób Dorosłych (KKPD) i Kwestionariusz Poczucia Posiadania Kompetencji Psychicznych Osób Dorosłych (KPPKPD). Narzędzia powstały na podstawie autorskiego ujęcia dorosłości, w którym wyróżnione zostały dwa jej aspekty – psychiczny i społeczny, każdy ujmowany z perspektywy subiektywnej i obiektywnej. Zestaw przeznaczony jest do badania osób w wieku 18–35 lat. Każde z narzędzi posiada zadowalającą rzetelność, w związku z czym może być stosowane w badaniach naukowych. Badania walidacyjne zostały przeprowadzone na grupie 240 osób w wieku 18–35 lat.
9
Content available Psychometric Properties of the Polish Version of the Parental Stress Scale
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Matuszczak-Świgoń J. , Bakiera L.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
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2023
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tom 26
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nr 1
23-46
EN
The article describes the procedure of adaptation and psychometric parameters of the Polish version of the Parental Stress Scale (PSS). The PSS sees parenting as a source of both strength and stress. Therefore, assessing parenting experiences with the PSS enables one to measure both the level of parenting stress and parental satisfaction. The PSS has been shown to be reliable and moderately correlated with standardized measures in expected directions, suggesting its validity (Berry & Jones, 1995). In this research, we investigated parenting stress in a non-clinical, population-based sample of parents and examined the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the PSS. We analysed reliability, as well as factorial and convergent validity. Two online studies were conducted. In Study 1, parents (126 mothers and 124 fathers) were sent a survey link and requested to fill in the PSS, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Parenting Stress Index, the SF-36v2 Health Survey, and the Family Resilience Assessment Scale. Study 2 was conducted to check the PSS structure once again and assess its reliability. Parents (111 mothers and 41 fathers) filled out the Polish 16-item version of the PSS (PSS-PL). The PSS-PL demonstrated adequate convergent validity with expected correlations with parenting stress, perceived stress, quality of life, and family resilience. Our results suggest that the PSS-PL is a reliable and valid measurement tool to evaluate the level of parental stress in Polish parents. Implications of the findings and study limitations are discussed.
10
Content available Funkcjonowanie dzieci, młodzieży i dorosłych w rodzinach rozłącznych przestrzennie na skutek migracji ekonomicznych
63%
Bakiera L. , Doiczman-Łoboda N.
Człowiek i Społeczeństwo
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2018
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tom 45
109-126
EN
The main goal of the article is to take a theoretical reflection on a spatially separated family (also called temporary incomplete or transnational) as a result of labor migration. Global socio-cultural changes and the evolution of individual attitudes towards the life are changing contemporary families. Despite the transformation the family plays a key role in human development, and adults not only highly value family life and children, but perceive the child as a source of personal and family happiness. The article presents the scope of economic migration of Poles and their impact on family life. The main remarks refer to the psychological effects of separation for children, adolescents and spouses. Attention is drawn to the risk of loneliness, parentification and parental alienation. This paper presents also an attempt to classify spatially separated families as a result of economic migrations.
11
Content available Doświadczenie nastoletniego macierzyństwa a wybrane aspekty funkcjonowania dorosłych kobiet
63%
Szczerbal J. , Bakiera L.
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne
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2018
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tom XXIII
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nr 1
102-121
PL
Doświadczenie macierzyństwa w okresie adolescencji traktować można jako wydarzenie niepunktualne i nienormatywne, a tym samym wydarzenie krytyczne i sprawiające wiele trudności. Przegląd badań oraz przyjęte założenia teoretyczne stały się podstawą przypuszczeń o istnieniu różnic między dorosłymi kobietami, które doświadczyły nastoletniego macierzyństwa, a kobietami, które pierwszego macierzyństwa doświadczyły w dorosłości, w zakresie prezentowanych postaw rodzicielskich, satysfakcji z życia oraz samooceny. Wyniki badania Kwestionariuszem Postaw Rodzicielskich, Skalą Satysfakcji z Życia oraz Wielowymiarowym Kwestionariuszem Samooceny przeprowadzonego wśród 227 kobiet znajdujących się w fazie dorosłości wskazują na występowanie istotnych różnic w funkcjonowaniu w obszarze niektórych postaw rodzicielskich oraz samooceny między kobietami, które doświadczyły nastoletniego macierzyństwa, a kobietami, które pierwszego macierzyństwa doświadczyły w dorosłości. Różnice w obszarze poziomu satysfakcji z życia okazały się nieistotne statystycznie.
12
Content available Blisko czy na dystans? Psychologiczne aspekty relacji międzyludzkich
63%
Bakiera L. , Obrębska M.
Człowiek i Społeczeństwo
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2021
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tom 51
9-21
13
Content available Dostępność rodziców w dzieciństwie a przywiązanie do partnera w związku intymnym
63%
Alabrudzińska A. , Bakiera L.
Człowiek i Społeczeństwo
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2021
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tom 51
61-78
EN
The presented research aimed to check how, depending on different experiences in the relationship with parents during childhood, young adults function in an intimate relationship. The style of attachment to a partner was the key research category. For this purpose, the Plopa Questionnaire of Attachment Styles and survey questions were used, which allowed estimating the total index of parents’ availability. 71 people (female 50,7%) in early adulthood participated in the study. Data collection was carried out in direct contact. The results showed that a higher level of accessibility of both parents in childhood coexists with a greater intensity of the secure style of attachment to a partner in an intimate relationship. The level of parents’ availability in childhood does not correlate with unsecured styles of attachment to a partner, both among adults coming from postdivorce and full families.
14
Content available WPROWADZENIE
44%
Obrębska M. , Bakiera L.
Człowiek i Społeczeństwo
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2020
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tom 50
7-10
PL
WPROWADZENIE
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