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Badanie efektów cieplnych towarzyszących adsorpcji i desorpcji wybranych gazów na węglach w zrobach ścian polskich kopalń węgla kamiennego

100%

Szumna A. , Stefański D. , Prażuch M.

tom T. 100, nr 8

737--742

Przedstawiono wyniki badań efektów cieplnych towarzyszących sorpcji i desorpcji ditlenku i tlenku węgla, metanu, etanu, propanu i wodoru na węglach w zrobach ścian eksploatowanych pokładów: 510 w kopalni Wesoła, 505 w kopalni Jankowice i 405/2 w kopalni Bielszowice. Węgle z tych pokładów charakteryzują się zbliżonym stopniem uwęglenia oraz skłonnością do samozapalenia. Tego typu węgle są najczęściej eksploatowane w Polsce. Badania wykonano w temp. 308 K techniką mikrokalorymetrii przepływowej. Wykazano, że największe ilości ciepła wydzielane są podczas adsorpcji ditlenku węgla, a mniejsze podczas adsorpcji węglowodorów nasyconych (metan, etan, propan). Gazy o najmniejszym cieple adsorpcji to CO i wodór. Taką zależność uzyskano dla wszystkich badanych węgli.

Bituminous coal samples of specified elementary compn., petrographic characteristics and particle size distribution collected from longwall gobs of exploited seams of 3 Polish coal mines were tested by microcalorimetry technique. The heats of adsorption and desorption of CO₂, CO, CH₄, C₂H₆, C₃H₈ and H₂ on the coal samples were detd. CO₂ showed the highest value of the heat of adsorption and CO and H₂ the lowest. Effect of coal fragmentation on gas adsorption heat was also tested. The adsorption heat increased with the increase in the amt. of larger diam. grains in the sample.

Arch-backed and Tanged Point Technocomplexes in the North Carpathian zone

100%

Valde-Nowak P. , Kraszewska A. , Stefański D.

tom 5-6

69-85

The goal of this work is to review the present discussion and the perspectives of the Late Palaeolithic in the northern part of the Western Carpathians and in the Northern Subcarpathia region during the Allerød and the Younger Dryas oscillations. The area of Subcarpathia, especially dunes of the upper Vistula valley, has been explored many times since the second half of XX century (e.g. Kraków-Borek Fałęcki, Kraków-Kobierzyn). It brought numerous collections proving dense Late Palaeolithic settlement around Kraków. Although the Tanged Point Technocomplex (TPT) prevailed, traces of Arched Point Technocomplex were also reported. Since the 80`s, methodological researches in the northern part of The Western Carpathians have unexpectedly revealed rich remains of the Late Palaeolithic settlements. It mainly represents the APT settlement (Sromowce Niżne, Nowa Biała). The recent progress has been achieved as a result of extensive rescue excavations which brought a number of methodically acquired lithic assemblages (e.g Kraków-Kurdwanów, Kraków- -Bieżanów, Mucharz). This issue has boosted a discussion on the Late Palaeolithic settlement in the region. The discussion is focused on the techno-typological aspect of a material culture, detailed analysis of raw material procurement, usage of land and spatial arrangements of assemblages. The numerous accumulations show a variety of cultural entities including the Tarnowian, Witowian, Swiderian and Brommean cultures. The investigated area represents two main raw material provinces: the north Subcarpathia with Jurassic flint and the northern part of the Western Carpathians – where radiolarites were mainly found however other rocks were present, as well. Both cases are characterized by local production only merely enhanced with imported materials. The settlement is almost completely represented by open air sites although caves are also present (Zalas rockshelter). The extent of the assemblages varies from rich settlement units yielding several thousands of artefacts to tiny spots of about dozens of lithics. Only in case of a few archaeological sites an environmental record was acquired. It hinders a construction of a reliable chronology and therefore some comparative studies over the adjacent area are necessary. The basic reports indicate the northern part of the Western Carpathians and the Northern Subcarpathia region as “contact zone”, proving a local character of them as well as a strong affection from the part of the North European Plain.