Neuron transplantation is considered to be a promising therapeutic method to replace functions lost due to central nervous system (CNS) damage. However, little is known about the extent to which implanted neuron-like cells can develop into mature neurons and acquire essential properties, and especially form synapses with host neurons. In this investigation we seeded PC12 cells labeled with GFP into primary cultured neurons isolated from rat cerebral cortex to build a co-culture system, and then induced the PC12 cells to differentiate into neuron-like cells with NGF. Seven days later, we observed the relationship between the PC12-derived neurons and primary neurons using FM1-43 imaging and immunoelectron microscopy, and found that GFP-labeled neurons could form typical synapses with host primary neurons. These observations showed that immigrant neurons differentiated from PC12 cells could develop into mature neurons and could form intercellular contacts with host neurons. Both the immigrant and host neurons could construct neuronal networks in vitro.
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The X-ray diffraction studies on a newly synthesized Na_{26}Au_{25}Ga_{29} single crystal revealed the formation of a single phase 2/1-2/1-2/1 Bergman-type approximant and the presence of Au/Ga mixed occupancies in its unit cell containing 680 atoms. The structure model of the 2/1-2/1-2/1 approximant with composition Na_{27}Au_{27}Ga_{31} was constructed by eliminating the chemical disorder with a minimum sacrifice of composition displacement. The full potential linearized augmented plane wave electronic structure calculations with subsequent full potential linearized augmented plane wave-Fourier analysis were performed for the 2/1-2/1-2/1 approximant Na_{27}Au_{27}Ga_{31} with space group Pa3̅. The square of the Fermi diameter (2k_{F})^2, electrons per atom ratio e/a and the critical reciprocal lattice vector |G|^2 are determined. A shallow pseudogap at the Fermi level was interpreted as originating from interference of electrons having (2k_{F})^2=109.2±1.0 with sets of lattice planes with |G|^2's centered at 108. The effective e/a value for the compound is found to be 1.76 in good agreement with 1.73 derived from a composition average of (e/a)_{Na}=1.0, (e/a)_{Au}=1.0 and (e/a)_{Ga}=3.0.
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