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EN
New species Drepanidotaenia czaplinskii sp. n. from Netta rufina (Pall.) (Anatidae) is described and figured. The new species differs from the type species of the genus, D. lanceolata, by longer rostellar hooks (0.055-0.060 in D. czaplinskii vs. 0.030-0.037 in D. lanceolata) and a relatively shorter hook blade, in cirrus size and shape, in cirrus sac size and length of vagina. The narrow interpretation of generic diagnosis of Drepanidotaenia (Spassky and Spasskaya 1954) is supported and only two valid species (D. lanceolata, D. czaplinskii) are recognized in this genus.
EN
During the parasitological examination of 288 wild ducks from north-western Poland, 18 tapeworms were found in the intestines (jejunum, ileum and rectum) of six birds, which, based on the structure of the scolex, internal organs and the presence of cirrus with an internal additional sac, were determinated as Dicranotaenia stenosacculata Macko, 1988. Tapeworms were found in two young females Bucephala clangula, one young female Aythya marila as well as two adult males Aythya fuligula. The aim of the study was to present the morphological and ecological characteristics of the species, recently discovered for the first time in the fauna of Poland.
EN
During standard parasitological research on West Pomeranian ducks, conducted by the Laboratory of Biology and Ecology of Parasites in the years 2000–2011, 16 tapeworms were found in the intestines of five Malards (Anas platyrhynchos) and one Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula). The tapeworms were classified as Microsomacanthus baeri Czaplinski & Vaucher 1977 on the basis of the segments’ internal structure. The presence of this tapeworm in Polish fauna has been indicated beforehand, however, the reports were merely of a contributory character, thus the aim of this thesis was a morphometric characteristic of this parasite.
PL
Podczas standardowych badań parazytologicznych dzikich kaczek Pomorza Zachodniego prowadzonych w Pracowni Biologii i Ekologii Pasożytów w latach 2000-2011 w jelitach pięciu krzyżówek {Anas platyrhynchos) i jednej czernicy (Aythya fuligula) stwierdzono obecność 16 tasiemcaców, które na podstawie budowy wewnętrznej członów oznaczono jako Microsomacanthus baeri Czapliński & Yaucher 1977. O obecności tego tasiemca w krajowej faunie informowano już wcześniej, doniesienia miały jedynie charakter przyczynkowy, dlatego celem niniejszej pracy była charakterystyka morfometryczna tego pasożyta.
EN
The work aimed at the determination of the species composition as well as the intensity and prevalence of the nematode infection of the stomach of wild ducks (subfamily Anatinae) from NW Poland. The birds acquired for the study (143 specimens) represented three tribes of varied biology and ecology: Anatini, Aythyini and Mergini. The nematodes (1504 specimens, average 10.5 in one duck) were found in the stomachs of 123 wild ducks (86.0% examined birds). The parasitic nematode fauna of the wild duck stomachs was noted to be quite abundant at the level of the host population (6 species: Eustrongylides mergorum, Hystrichis tricolor, Amidostomum acutum, Tetrameres fissispina, Streptocara crassicauda, Echinuria uncinata), though it was considerably plentiful in Anatini (5 species), and scarce in Aythyini (2 species).
EN
Specimens previously identified as Fimbriaria fasciolaris or Fimbriaria sp. from Poland, Ukraine and the Czech Republic were re-examined. The revision revealed Fimbriaria czaplinskii from naturally-infected Anas platyrhynchos dom., Anas acuta and Aythya fuligula (new host records) in Poland, Tadorna tadorna from the Black Sea coast and Aythya ferina from the coast of the Sea of Azov, Ukraine (new host records), Anas platyrhynchos, Aythya fuligula and Aythya ferina (the latter two being new host records) from Moravia, Czech Republic (new geographical record). The diagnostic characters of F. czaplinskii are commented and updated from an original erroneous description. The most reliable distinguishing character is the structure of the copulatory part of the vagina, which is funnel-shaped and usually has smooth internal surface. The characters associated with the cirrus size and armament and the number of genital primordia per segment are not considered reliable differentiating characters. A lectotype and paralectotypes of F. czaplinskii are designated.
EN
The origin, differentiation and ultrastructural characteristics of oncospheral envelopes surrounding invasive oncospheres of the dilepidid cestode Dilepis undula are described. In the early preoncospheral phase three primary embryonic envelopes are formed: (1) the capsule; (2) the outer envelope formed by two macromeres; and (3) the inner envelope originating from fusion of two or three mesomeres. Both the outer and inner envelopes of D. undula are therefore cellular in origin and syncytial in nature. Mature eggs of D. undula are slightly oval, measuring 40-50 x 56 µm in diameter. Within fully formed eggs, the mature, invasive oncospheres, 36-40 µm in diameter, are surrounded by five oncospheral or egg envelopes: (1) outer shell; (2) outer envelope; (3) inner envelope; (4) oncospheral membrane; and (5) hook region membrane covering only one pole of the hexacanth. The ultrastructural characteristics of D. undula oncospheral envelopes are discussed in comparison with those of previously examined dilepidids and other cyclophyllideans.
EN
The filarial nematode Dirofilaria repens is currently considered to be one of the most extensively spreading human and animal parasites in Europe. In Ukraine, reporting cases of dirofilariasis has been mandatory since 1975, and the disease was included in the national surveillance system for notifiable diseases. Up until December 31st 2012, a total of 1533 cases have been registered, with 1465 cases occurring within the previous 16 years. Most of the cases of dirofilariasis were registered in 6 regions: Kyiv, and the Donetsk, Zaporizhzhya, Dnipropetrovsk, Kherson and Chernihiv oblasts. In the years 1997–2002 the highest incidence rate was noted in the Kherson oblast in the south of the country (9.79 per 100 000 people), and the lowest in western Ukraine (0.07–1.68 per 100 000 people). D. repens infections were registered in all oblasts. Parasitic lesions were most often located in the head, the subconjunctival tissue and around the eyes. D. repens lesions were also found in the limbs, torso, male sexual organs, and female mammary glands. Dirofilariasis was diagnosed in persons aged from 11 months to 90 years old, most often among people between 21–40 years of age. Most patients had only one parasitic skin lesion; the majority of isolated nematodes were female. The results of our analysis point to a constant increase in D. repens dirofilariasis incidence in humans in Ukraine. Despite educational efforts, infections have become more frequent and the territory in which the disease occurs has enlarged to encompass the whole of Ukraine. Nevertheless, the Ukrainian sanitary-epidemiological services managed to achieve some measure of success, e.g. by creating a registration system for D. repens infections and establishing proper diagnostics for the disease.
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