The paper basically challenges palaeoecology, chronology and taxonomy of both Upper and Final Palaeolithic through South Eastern European Plain since the second half of the Pleniglacial B up to the Preboreal. Recently received and summarised palynological evidences reflect the alteration of several stadials and interstadials, i.e. tangible changes in palaeoecological situation. It is quite reasonable to suppose, that the so-called "steppe-zone" should be chronologically limited within the time-span 20-18000 BP, consistent with Anetovka Amvrosievka chronological horizon. The analyses of the subsequent Upper Palaeolithic development allow us to consider rather complex taxonomical structure, whereas each of the examined chronological horizons embrace cultural polyphony. Some causes and effects parameters of this process must be taken into account.
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