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Mediacyjna rola rodzicielskich stylów wychowawczych w związku liczby rodzeństwa z rozwojem osobowości i kompetencji społecznych w okresie wczesnej dorosłości

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Lewandowska-Walter A. , Połomski P. , Peplińska A.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

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2014

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tom XIX

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nr 1

50-70

EN

The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that parenting styles (especially democratic and autocratic styles) may be variables that mediate in the relationship between the number of siblings and shaping certain personality traits and social skills in children’s development. The study involved over 300 people divided into three groups: those who have one brother or sister, those who have several siblings and only children. Over 100 people were tested in each group. The following measuring tools were used: the Social Competence Questionnaire by A. Matczak, the Parenting Styles Questionnaire by M. Ryś, and the NEO-FFI questionnaire by P.T. Costa and R.R. McCrae (in Polish adaptation by B. Zawadzki, J. Strelau, P. Szczepaniak, M. Śliwinska). The impact of the number of siblings on the functioning and social competence and personality of the respondents is mediated by both democratic (positive) and autocratic (negative) attitudes of mothers (proximal mediator – close to exogenous variable, here: the number of siblings), as well as by the attitude of fathers, which is a distal (indirect) mediator, although closely related to the attitudes of mothers. Mothers’ attitudes also proved to be a mediator in the relationship between the number of siblings and the attitudes of fathers.

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Level of role conflict between partners in dual-career couples and a sense of purpose in life. Mediating role of stress and satisfaction with one’s achievements

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Peplińska A. , Czap-Kubicka N. , Połomski P. , Lewandowska-Walter A.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

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2014

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tom XIX

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nr 2

171-189

EN

As different areas of life and an individual’s life roles undergo transformation and intermingle increasingly, the ways that people get married and start up families change as well. A dual-career marriage is a modern family model, within which both spouses realize, on the one hand, broadly defined professional careers under conditions of competitive job market and competitive forms of employment, often occupying managerial positions; and life careers on the other hand, those related to family, marital roles, housekeeping and earning the livelihood. As compared with traditional models and egalitarian partnerships, a dual-career marriage involves more sacrifices and threats, but can also provide many benefits. In the study it was attempted to make inquiries in that matter, rooted in our wish to examine this specific link between dual-career couples and a subjective sense of partners’ quality of life, particularly in the aspect of its meaning – as compared with that of spouses in traditional marriages and egalitarian partnerships. Then a more detailed purpose of this study was to verify whether satisfaction with one’s own achievements in partners of a dual-career marriage, both in their professional and extraprofessional life, together with the level of experienced stress are possible significant factors influencing the relation between role conflict and a reported level of sense of purpose in life. The study was conducted during 2013-2014 and involved examining a total of 150 couples in dual-career marriages (300 participants), i.e. relationships within which both partners realized their professional career in the competitive job market, oftentimes they occupied managerial posts and reconciled professional life with the role of a parent. All investigated participants in dualcareer relationships had higher education, their age varied from 28 to 40 years and each marriage had at least 1 child. The control group was composed of 160 egalitarian partnerships and 135 traditional marriages. In order to verify the research questions and hypotheses stated above, four diagnostic tools were used: Purpose in Life test, “Work-Life Balance” Questionnaire, Stress Level Questionnaire and Sense of Happiness Questionnaire. The analysis of empirical material presented that partners in dual-career relationships reported the highest level of experienced stress, fatigue, tension and role conflict, but also the highest levels of satisfaction with one’s achievements or the family’s financial situation – factors which can neutralize the negative impact of experienced stress and conflicts on the general sense of life meaning. Also presented that experiencing role conflicts is negatively correlated with a general sense of purpose in life and with satisfaction with one’s accomplishments, at the same time being positively correlated with experienced stress. It can be noticed, however, that in the calculated model a (high) level of satisfaction with one’s achievements acts as a specific buffer against the influence of experienced role conflict and stress.

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Postawy rodzicielskie a preferencje zawodowe młodzieży

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Peplińska A. , Połomski P. , Pogorzelska I.

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nr 2

PL

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attitudes and occupational preferences of adolescents according to A. Roe’s theory. It was hypothesized that there is a close correlation between the emotional aspect of parental attitudes and the shaping of job preferences in adolescents directed to people or to things. A significant relation between parent’s and child’s gender was also predicted. The research was conducted in 2012 and 2013, and it included a total of 314 individuals – students of the last year of high school and technical school, as well as first-year students of Tricity’s public and private universities, both women and men. Two psychometric tools were used: A Parent-Child Relation Questionnaire by A. Roe and M. Siegelman (translated by W.S. Kowalski) and A Multidimensional Preferences Questionnaire by A. Matczak, A. Jaworowski, A. Ciechanowicz, E. Zalewska and J. Stańcza, which measured professional interests. On the basis of the results, it can be assumed that parental attitudes together with the quality of emotional relations between parents and children are closely connected to specific professional preferences which, at the same time, differ depending on child’s and parent’s gender.

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Osobowościowe i kompetencyjne predyktory stylów kierowania menedżera (Personality and Competence Predictors of Management Styles among Managers)

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Peplińska A. , Połomski P. , Bajko M.

Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi

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2015

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nr 2015 1(102)

131-147

PL

wyjaśniania relacji na linii przełożony – podwładny na przestrzeni lat sukcesywnie odchodziły od tezy, iż właściwości menedżera stanowią jedyny czynnik determinujący podejmowane przez niego style zarządzania ludźmi. Współcześnie stosunkowo dużą popularnością cieszą się tzw. sytuacyjne teorie kierowania, uwzględniające, poza zmiennymi podmiotowymi menedżera, inne czynniki związane na przykład z podwładnymi, organizacją czy rodzajem zadania. Prezentowane badanie miało na celu zweryfikowanie, w jakim zakresie zmienne wynikające z właściwości menedżera mogą stanowić istotne predyktory podejmowanych stylów kierowania i zarządzania podwładnymi. Objęło ono łącznie 128 menedżerów obojga płci średniego i wyższego szczebla zarządzania. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pokazały, iż zmienne osobowościowe i kompetencyjne odgrywają istotną rolę w podejmowaniu stylów kierowania.

EN

Theories that provide the basis for creating classifications of management styles, as well as for explaining superior–subordinate relations have, over successive years, abandoned the view that a manager’s properties are the only factor determining the management style that the manager will apply in managing people. Currently, what are known as situational management theories are enjoying relative popularity. In addition to subjective variables relating to the manager, they also take into account other factors, such as those associated with subordinates, the organization, and the type of task. The presented study is aimed at verifying the degree to which variables stemming from a manager’s properties might serve as essential predictors of management and employee control styles. The study encompassed a total of 128 managers of both sexes, both middle and upper management. Research findings demonstrate that personality and competence variables play a significant role in choice of management style.