The subject of this paper is the dispute over human races taking place in biology and the social sciences. In particular, it concerns such issues as: the concept of race, the existence of races and racial differences. In the second half of the XX century that dispute was strongly influenced by 'external' factors - i.e. socio-political - because of its political incorrectness. The intensity of those factors was so great, that it made impossible to solve this problem 'within' science - i.e. using scientific methods. In the author opinion, it was the result of, as he called it, the strategy of social survival. It is a case of biological influence on social structure and, as consequence, on the extent of scientific knowledge. Such issues could be the subject of research of a new scientific field which he postulate in this paper - namely the socio-biology of knowledge, which is a synthesis of socio-biology/evolutionary psychology and the sociology of knowledge.
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