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PL
Wczesną wiosną przez trzy kolejne lata (2009–2011) obserwowano w niewielkim oczku wodnym w Gorcach larwy traszki górskiej Ichthyosaura alpestris (Laurenti, 1768) w zaawansowanych stadiach rozwoju. Wskazuje to jednoznacznie na zimowanie larw traszki pod lodem i jest pierwszym bezpośrednim potwierdzeniem tego nietypowego zjawiska w Gorcach. Obserwacje te dostarczają dowodów, że nawet niewielkie zbiorniki wodne mogą być ważnym miejscem życia i rozrodu chronionych gatunków płazów
EN
Overwintering larvae of the Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris were observed in a small pond in the Gorce Mts (Poland, 49°30′N, 20°08′E, elevation 900 m a.s.l.) in early spring of 2009-2011. Typically, larvae of this newt species hatch from eggs in spring or early summer; after 3-4 months of development, they undergo metamorphosis and leave the aquatic environment. In certain conditions, however, especially in lower temperatures, the larvae may be unable to achieve a sufficient stage of development to leave the ponds before winter. In Poland, the presence of non-metamorphosed larvae of the Alpine newt were reported in several montane water reservoirs in late autumn and early spring (Świerad 1988, 2003), but there was no direct evidence of this phenomenon in the Gorce Mountains. Observations presented in this paper prove that overwintering of Alpine newt larvae occurs also in this area and this unusual phenomenon may regularly take place in the aforementioned pond. Moreover, seemingly insignificant, small water reservoirs (about 1 m in diameter; less than 1 m of depth) may be a valuable habitat for protected amphibian species
EN
Shell habitus and COI mitochondrial gene sequences of one freshwater snail from Khios and three from Rhodes islands were analysed. Both methods confirmed assignment of these specimens to the genus Daphniola Radoman, 1973. Genetic distance between individuals from these two islands is surprisingly low, strongly suggesting that they belong to the same species, still undescribed. Comparison of COI sequences with other known species of this genus shows that the closest relative of the Khios and Rhodes populations is D. louisi Falniowski et Szarowska, 2000 from Attica. The results are discussed in the context of geological and climatic history of the Mediterranean.
EN
Pseudorientalia Radoman, 1973 is recorded from the Samos Island (East Aegean Islands). The genus was previously known from northern Turkey. The shells, protoconch, radula, penis, and female reproductive organs are described. All the morphological data confirm that the specimens belong to the genus Pseudorientalia, but for the moment its identity with P. natolica (Küster, 1852) from Turkey cannot be confirmed. Molecular data (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and nuclear 18S rRNA gene partial sequences) confirm the genus-level distinctness of Pseudorientalia, and its sister clade consists of Grossuana Radoman, 1973, Trichonia Radoman, 1973, and Daphniola Radoman, 1973.
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