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EN
In this paper the selected phenomena related to motor vehicle’s motion have been considered basing on a computer simulation. The vehicle performed a power-off straight line maneuver with different road conditions being included. All simulations have been performed in the MSC Adams/Car environment based on the available sports two-seater vehicle model, realizing the adopted maneuver at the instant speed of 100km/h. This enabled observation of the selected phenomena along the road long enough to relate them to different aspects of vehicle dynamics research. As for the randomly uneven road, almost similar and almost different profiles have been assumed for the left and right wheels of the vehicle. Additionally, two values of the coefficient determining the maximum amplitude of road irregularities have been selected: 0.3 for lower and 0.9 for higher irregularities, so the road surface conditions along with the flat road have been considered as one of the factors causing disturbances of the motor vehicle motion. Such research seems valuable from the point of view of road traffic safety and vehicle maintenance. This specific example is a presentation of the possible research on vehicle dynamics as well as a potential background for further considerations including different types of vehicles along with almost different road profiles for the left and right wheels of the given vehicle model. A power-off straight maneuver is not performed very often in normal road traffic. However, such test could be valuable when analyzing influence of the selected motor vehicle parameters, such as uneven loading, suspension characteristics, etc. on such maintenance features as stability, steerability and the influence of external disturbances acting on the moving vehicle. Further research provides different maneuvers and different simulation conditions.
EN
The guide of the Hyperloop system in the paper is mathematically represented as a continuous system along which the force from the capsule travels, with the capsule in turn represented as a discrete system. The simulations discussed in the article were used to determine the displacements of the magnet elements. ANSYS software was used to perform the simulations using finite element calculations (FEM). The stability of the capsule will be determined from the results of the displacements present in the system. Taking into account the existing conditions in the magnet and guide assembly system, the simulation results were used to analyse stability in technical and stochastic terms (Lyapunov criteria) for non-linear systems. In the technical stochastic stability analysis, the transverse displacements of the electromagnets were used. The probability of unstable Hyperloop motion was then calculated.
EN
In this paper a potential use of the tangential coefficient of restitution has been analyzed on the basis of a computer simulation of a side oblique collision between two motor vehicles. The simulation was carried out in PC-Crash 8.0. The results obtained for a side impact collision have been considered along with the tangential phenomena occurring between the colliding vehicles. The simulation was repeated three times for the adopted values of the coefficient of restitution. Then the coefficient of restitution was divided into two components (normal and tangential) which has been described in further parts of the paper. The obtained results were compared with the certain analytical calculations basing on the vehicle crash model for a vehicles performing a planar motion but with the phenomena between their bodies included. Also a theory of collision between the rough surfaces was used. The aim of this analysis was to examine whether the coefficient of restitution divided into two perpendicular components will alter the results obtained from the analytical calculations and if it is worthy considering such division in analyzing the real accidents in road traffic. Also it has been considered whether such complication of a vehicle crash model is useful and necessary.
EN
The article presents an analytical approach to building a mathematical model of a quadrocopter. The main purpose of building the model was to design an appropriate facility control system and analyze its behavior in various situations. The assumption was made to build a model, control system and all accompanying algorithms in an open programming environment, which will allow their subsequent implementation in a real facility, without the need to use expensive software. The quadrocopter is controlled by the operator by means of hand movements that are read by the camera and properly interpreted using advanced image processing methods. The entire system is visualized and embedded in a three-dimensional simulation environment. The model study was conducted using a DC motor as an input data source. The operation of the model was checked with a controller when a disturbance was introduced into the model. The four-rotor model with a selected regulator was tested by analyzing the angular velocity and position of the object in a rectangular coordinate system. At the end of the article, the results of the simulations made are presented and the resulting conclusions are presented.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analityczne podejście do budowy modelu matematycznego czterowirnikowca. Głównym celem budowy modelu było zaprojektowanie odpowiedniego systemu sterowania obiektem oraz analiza jego zachowania w różnych sytuacjach. Przyjęto założenie, aby model, system sterowania oraz wszystkie towarzyszące im algorytmy zbudować w otwartym środowisku programistycznym, co pozwoli na ich późniejszą implementację w rzeczywistym obiekcie, bez konieczności stosowania drogiego oprogramowania. Sterowanie czterowirnikowcem przez operatora odbywa się za pomocą ruchów ręki, które są odczytywane przez kamerę i odpowiednio interpretowane przy użyciu zaawansowanych metod przetwarzania obrazu. Cały system jest wizualizowany i osadzony w trójwymiarowym środowisku symulacyjnym. Badania modelowe przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem silnika prądu stałego jako źródła danych wejściowych. Działanie modelu zostało sprawdzone za pomocą kontrolera po wprowadzeniu do modelu zakłócenia. Model czterowirnikowca z wybranym regulatorem testowano analizując prędkość kątową i położenie obiektu w prostokątnym układzie współrzędnych. Na końcu artykułu zaprezentowano wyniki przeprowadzonych symulacji oraz przedstawiono wynikające z nich wnioski.
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