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Field trip in the Thar Desert : report

100%

Czerniawska J. , Chlachula J.

Landform Analysis

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2017

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tom Vol. 35

21--26

EN

The Thar Desert is a part of the arid zone of north-western India. The past geomorphic processes on its territory triggered by orogenesis and climate change generated a diversity of landforms, including structural (volcanic dykes, orogenic ridges, hamadas), denudational (pediplains, pediments, desert pavements), fluvial (alluvial terraces, gullies, gravelly plains of ancient palaeochannels), lacustrine and deltaic, transgressive marine, aeolian (sand dunes) and anthropogenic (such as fields, rock mines and playas, salinas). Ongoing desertification, mass sediment transfer and ground salinization poses major threats to the local ecosystems and occupation habitats. These negative effects are responded to by new agricultural strategies contributing to the economic sustainability of the western Rajasthan.

2

Propozycja nowej metody pomiaru właściwości sorpcyjnych podeszew podczas chodzenia i biegania

80%

Hlavacek P. , Chlachula J. , Bris P.

Przegląd Skórzany

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1988

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tom 43

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nr 11

3

Toponymy of the Ancient Sary-Arka (North-Eastern Kazakhstan)

80%

Saparov K. , Chlachula J. , Yeginbayeva A.

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2018

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tom 37

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nr 3

EN

This study examines the etymology of the principal physiographic entities of the ancient Sary-Arka area– meaning in the old Turkic language Yellowing Ridge – encompassing the present territory of parkland-steppes, rocky highlands and the adjacent mountains of North and East Kazakhstan. The current linguistic evidence points to a complex and chronologically long culture-historical development reflected by the local place names best-recorded for the major rivers and mountains (hydronyms and oronyms, respectively). Not all geo-site names are securely determined by using modern onomastics. Records of material culture provide additional multi-proxy information. Local uniformity of some toponyms across the extensive area assuming a common cultural background attests to a broader ethnic homogeneity and/or mobility of the ancient populations inhabiting this vast and geomorphically mosaic land. This suggests a close relationship and interactions (including demographic exchanges and mixing) between the past pastoral ethics in the parkland-steppe and semi-desert areas north of Lake Balkhash between the Aral Sea and the southern Urals in the West and the Alatau–Altai Mountain systems in the East. Whereas the hydronyms of the Sary-Arka may have a rather complex and not fully clear origin with a connection to the Turkic-Tatar medieval tribes and nations’ occupancy in northern Central Asia eventually modified into the present Kazakh language forms, the oronyms of the East Kazakhstan mountain ranges indicate the Mongolian roots.

4

Natural regeneration potential of the black saxaul shrub-forests in semi-deserts of Central Asia – the Ili River delta area, SE Kazakhstan

70%

Zhaglovskaya A. A. , Chlachula J. , Thevs N. , Myrzagaliyeva A. B. , Aidossova S. S.

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2017

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tom 65

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nr 3

EN

Two saxaul species - black saxaul (Haloxylon aphyllum Minkw.) and white saxaul (Haloxylon persicumBunge) - constitute the principal arboreal cover of the cold continental deserts of Central Asia. While the latter is a rain-fed shrub distributed on sand dunes, the former is a ground-water phreatophyte mainly found on alluvial terraces. Saxaul has played an important role as a fodder plant also used as firewood by local herders. Due to over-grazing and over-exploitation for fuel during the past fifty years, the oncedominant saxaul vegetation has considerably degraded. Important growth characteristics at the present plantations (such as height, and basal trunk and crown diameters) show a direct quantitative relationship between the plants' age up to the 25-year lifetime and the total tree biomass reduced by natural degradation. Annual productivity largely depends on the overall vegetation density that reflects specific environmental conditions at particular locations. The recommended harvest rate, balancing the calculated natural regeneration capacity, should not exceed 0.82 t/ha at the density of up to 900 shrubs/ha, 1.78 t/ha at the density of 900–1500 shrubs/ ha and 2.63 t/ha at the density of 1500–2000 shrubs/ha. The results from the field monitoring sites provide new insights on the natural reproductive potential of black saxaul shrub-forests in undisturbed versus anthropogenically affected and exploited semidesert and parkland settings of Central Asia.

5

Natural Regeneration Potential of the Black Saxaul Shrubforests in Semi-Deserts of Central Asia - the Ili River Delta Area, SE Kazakhstan

70%

Zhaglovskaya A. A. , Chlachula J. , Thevs N. , Myrzagaliyeva A. B. , Aidossova S. S.

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tom Vol. 65, nr 3

352--368

EN

Two saxaul species - black saxaul (Haloxylon aphyllum Minkw.) and white saxaul (Haloxylon persicum Bunge) - constitute the principal arboreal cover of the cold continental deserts of Central Asia. While the latter is a rain-fed shrub distributed on sand dunes, the former is a ground-water phreatophyte mainly found on alluvial terraces. Saxaul has played an important role as a fodder plant also used as firewood by local herders. Due to over-grazing and over-exploitation for fuel during the past fifty years, the oncedominant saxaul vegetation has considerably degraded. Important growth characteristics at the present plantations (such as height, and basal trunk and crown diameters) show a direct quantitative relationship between the plants' age up to the 25-year lifetime and the total tree biomass reduced by natural degradation. Annual productivity largely depends on the overall vegetation density that reflects specific environmental conditions at particular locations. The recommended harvest rate, balancing the calculated natural regeneration capacity, should not exceed 0.82 t/ha at the density of up to 900 shrubs/ha, 1.78 t/ha at the density of 900-1500 shrubs/ha and 2.63 t/ha at the density of 1500-2000 shrubs/ha. The results from the field monitoring sites provide new insights on the natural reproductive potential of black saxaul shrub-forests in undisturbed versus anthropogenically affected and exploited semidesert and parkland settings of Central Asia.