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SKLOVITÉ A INÉ TROSKY Z TZV. SKLÁRSKYCH PECÍ Z NITRY. PODNET PRE VÝSKUM HISTORICKÝCH TECHNOLÓGIÍ

100%

Staššíková-Štukovská D.

Študijné zvesti

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2009

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nr 46

105 - 111

EN

In the current article we present the summarized results of the recent interdisciplinary research, which was focused on the production provenance of the glass artefacts from the 9th century AC. The artefacts were found in 1960 during a previous archaeological excavation of four ovens in Nitra town. They were published many times as a proof of the existence of a glass production. Multiphase interdisciplinary analyses of glassy artefacts were subsequently published in the different editions. Here we present the results in resume and rise a discussion about the importance of these findings for the research of the historical glass and for the knowledge of the details connected with the technology of metallurgy of iron. We use a working term „glass-none glass” for the type of glass made during the iron production. This term should be understood as a contribution to the discussion on the necessity to distinguish through the verbal terms atypical to the glass production chemical compositions. These compositions have been evident for a long time among the results of the analysis of the glass beads mainly and of the other small items.

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ANALÝZA NÁHRDELNÍKA Z MOSTOVEJ. K TERMÍNOM ZÁVESOK A KORÁLIK

100%

Staššíková-Štukovská D.

Študijné zvesti

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2009

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nr 45

209 - 216

EN

The article presents analysis of beads found at necropolis in Mostová site. A necklace from a child’s grave No. 18 is the object of our attention. It consists of 26 whole and several fragmented beads. Macroscopic analysis of the stuff proved that only two of them were made of glass. Pretty rare are the four pendulums made by a technique of welding of two beads together. The article is aimed in précising of the terms “bead” and “pendulum” usage in the archaeological literature dedicated to historical glass items.

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K TECHNIKÁM SPÁJANIA DVOJ- A TROJFAREBNÝCH SKIEL V 7.-10. STOROČÍ. PODĽA NÁLEZOV KORÁLIKOV Z ÚZEMIA SLOVENSKA A MORAVY

100%

Staššíková-Štukovská D.

Študijné zvesti

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2009

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nr 45

201 - 208

EN

The topic of this article is basic sealing technologies of coloured glasses that were used as decorations of early medieval beads found in Slovakia and Moravia. Winding of coloured fibres around beads or application of coloured points were the most frequent ways of ornamentation. Usage of coloured cords for beads decoration is presupposed to be a new technology. It appears on so-called melon-seed glass beads („Melonenkernperlen“) from the 7th - 8th centuries as well as on olive-shaped beads dated to the 9th - 10th centuries. Intermeshing of glasses of different quality with using of a metal foil is a special way of glass sealing that was used first of all for decoration of transversely segmented beads. The glass-granulation decorated bead from Prša is a rare evidence of both the glassworker’s mastery and unusual glass sealing technology.

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PRAVEKÉ FAJANSOVÉ KORÁLIKY Z HROBU 1 V SPIŠSKÝCH TOMÁŠOVCIACH

63%

Staššíková-Štukovská D. , Hložek M.

Študijné zvesti

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2009

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nr 45

69 - 77

EN

The basic results of interdisciplinary analysis of primeval faience beads (terminus technicus in archaeology) have been presented. They were found in the grave N. 1 at the site Spišské Tomášovce, position 3, Fortification I. The findings of five beads with partially saved layers of glass glaze with turquoise colouring on the surface have been examined. The beads were found in the skeleton grave No 1 of the Košťany Culture from Early Bronze Age. The optical investigation has been made by microscope Jena Vert Carl Zeiss Jena with CCD -Iris Sony camera. The chemical content of the beads has been specified with the help of electronic microscopy (SE M). The petrographic characteristics of the findings have been specified with microscope Olympus EX50. The conclusion was that the beads were produced probably with the method of cementation and were coloured with the use of oxide of copper.

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PRÍSPEVOK K TERMÍNOM SILIKÁTOVÝCH MATERIÁLOV POUŽÍVANÝCH V DISKUSIÁCH O PROBLEMATIKE HISTORICKÝCH SKIEL

63%

Staššíková-Štukovská D. , Plško A.

Študijné zvesti

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2009

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nr 45

29 - 38

EN

The article aims to be help through interdisciplinary explication along the way of creation of the professional terms indicating historical silica materials in the context of research of the historical glasses in the Slovak and the Czech scientific literature. The authors of this article have created a classification of the materials according to presence or absence of a glass phase and according to the implemented technology in manufacturing the historical items. This way created basic system has outlined six groups of stuff illustrated with samples from archaeological finds mainly from the Slovak and the Czech republics dated to 2200 B.C.-13th century A.D. Also they have précised the specific interdisciplinary terms of glass-crystal stuff made during the glass and ceramic processes and also the names of the materials of the historical glass with corrosion. Beyond the unification of professional terminology this article follows the aim to draw attention to important meaning of the research of the glass-crystal substances for the deepening of the knowledge of the history of development of the technology of production of silica materials. This technology has led to a specialisation of the technology known today as a traditional glass or traditional ceramic production. The article is addressed towards a need of the basic research on historical glass in Slovakia, where the absence of professional literature in native language is evident.

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„OLIVOVITÉ“ KORÁLIKY - TERMINOLOGICKÉ POZNÁMKY A MAKROSKOPICKÉ POZOROVANIA NÁLEZOV Z POHREBISKA V DOLNÝCH VĚSTONICIACH

63%

Staššíková-Štukovská D. , Ungerman Š.

Študijné zvesti

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2009

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nr 45

39 - 57

EN

The article shows systematic and non-systematic nomenclature classification on examples of origin and usage of the name “olive shaped” beads which were in the early medieval age spread across the central Europe. Detailed description of the types of glass beads, which are in the abstract named „olive-shaped smooth“, and “olive shaped lengthwise latticed”. General description of shape, dimensions, glass, glass faults, marks (traces) of technical operations, manufacturing technology and ornaments which were done based on the macroscopic analysis on 227 pieces of olive shaped beads from cemetery in Dolní Věstonice.