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EN
A nine year-old intact tomcat was admitted into the Clinic for Small Animals because of adipsia and oliguria, which had been persisting for several weeks. A few weeks earlier the cat was treated for a complicated skin wound. Nothing but moderate dehydratation was discovered in clinical examination. For a more detailed examination of the animal’s status, blood and urine were collected for a basic check-up. All parameters were within reference values apart from mild hyponatremia. A non-specific course of the disease and blood check results aroused suspicion of feline hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s disease). ACTH stimulation test was conducted. It revealed a failure to respond to exogenous ACTH administration, thus confirminh the initial diagnosis. An X-ray of the thorax and ultrasonography of the abdomen displayed no pathological alterations. Antibiotics and a temporary subcutaneous fluid therapy with 0.9% saline were implemented so as to restore proper hydration and electrolyte balance. Then a chronic therapy with prednisone (Encorton 5 mg) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight and fludrocortisone (Cortineff 0.1 mg) 0.05 mg/animal was applied. Over 16 months have passed since the primary diagnosis was made. During that time the health status of the cat has remained satisfactory apart from a temporary deterioration due to the appearance of a strong stressing agent, which necessitated the application of a short course of fluid therapy, doubling of prednisone doses and supplementation of phosphor. Rapid response to the modified therapy has confirmed the accuracy of the initial diagnosis. Moreover, a typical course of feline hypoadrenocorticism, available diagnostic methods as well as factors affecting prognosis were discussed.
EN
The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of congenital heart defects in a population of dogs in Poland and to determine which breeds were affected by particular defects. A retrospective study of the medical records of cardiologically examined dogs revealed 301 cases of echocardiographically confirmed congenital heart defects. Dogs with congenital heart defects made up 2.7% of the dogs that underwent a cardiologic examination. The age at diagnosis ranged from 2 weeks to 190 months. Mixed breeds (33 dogs, 11%), Bull Terriers (31, 10%), Boxers (28, 9%), German Shepherds (17, 6%), Yorkshire Terriers (17, 6%), and French Bulldogs (16, 5%) were the most frequently affected breeds. Subaortic stenosis (120 cases, 33.9%), pulmonic stenosis (64, 18.1%), patent ductus arteriosus (59, 16.7%), mitral valve dysplasia (56, 15.8%), ventricular septal defect (24, 6.8%) and tricuspid valve dysplasia (17, 4.8%) were the most frequent congenital heart defects recognized in this study. Isolated congenital heart disease occurred in 258 dogs (86%), while multiple heart defects were noted in 43 dogs (14%). Most (60%) congenital heart defects were recognized in dogs older than 1 year. Early recognition of congenital heart defects is important for better patient care. Collecting information on the frequency of congenital heart defects in particular breeds will be useful in educating breeders and thus in improving the overall health of the breed.
EN
The observational study was carried out in a population of Polish breeding goats in 2007 to determine the prevalence of fetal loss and identify risk factors contributing to its occurrence. The multivariate model allowing to predict the risk of the occurrence of fetal loss in a herd in a study population was developed. Data on the occurrence of fetal loss, as well as of 28 hypothesized risk factors were collected from goat owners using standardized questionnaire during face-to-face reviews on farms. Moreover, data on the herd-level seroprevalence of four abortifacient infections – Chlamydophila abortus, Leptospira spp., BVDV-1 and Neospora caninum – were included in the final analysis. Fetal loss was reported as occurring often in 12 of 49 goat herds (24.5%). The relationship between the hypothesized risk factors and the occurrence of fetal loss was verified in the multivariate logistic regression (α=0.05). Final analysis yielded four risk factors: regular veterinary supervision at least twice a year (OR 0.188; CI 95% 0.054 – 0.656), frequent occurrence of injuries and fractures (OR 3.172; CI 95% 1.081 – 9.310), frequent occurrence of respiratory signs in adult goats (OR 4.848; CI 95% 1.353 – 17.377) and presence of antibodies to C. abortus in a herd (OR 58.116; CI 95% 1.369 – 2466.438). The accuracy of the multivariate model was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve technique. Area under the curve was 0.895 (CI 95% 0.801-0.981). For optimal cut-off value of 0.20-0.35 the multivariate model had sensitivity of 75.00% and specificity of 89.19% in predicting fetal loss in a herd.
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