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EN
Systemic transformation taking place in Poland for many years now, have included all fields of the economy. It is particularly visible on the level of society education. The implemented reform of education system introduced thorough structural and curricular changes. New subjects were introduced, such as nature, information and communication technologies, which refers to civilizational achievements. A school was entrusted with accomplishing a very important task of getting young people ready to live in a knowledge-based society, because knowledge and skills account today for the greatest treasure of societies. Ambitious tasks were entrusted also to the teachers. Adaptation to development of technology and application of digital devices in teaching subjects was one of these tasks. The aim of this article is to define the influence of education transformation on improving key competence in geography teaching. Presentation of the results of the conducted research concerning level of application of new technologies in schools, diversity of curricula and teachers' approach to new technologies in geography teaching with awareness of very high informatics competence of the contemporary students was a mean to achieve this goal. Also methodical and substantial solutions improving teachers' qualifications are proposed. Significant questions arise: is e-school, development of which has been observed in the recent years, going to raise effectiveness of education? And is a contemporary teacher - follower of constructivism - applying various teaching methods going to facilitate development of particular key competence of 21st century?
PL
W procesie kształcenia stosuje się różnorodne rozwiązania dydaktyczne, metody i techniki nauczania, a wszystko to w celu uzyskania jak najlepszego efektu, czyli sensownej i rzetelnej wiedzy geograficznej oraz kształcenia umiejętności. Stałym dylematem nauczania jest wybór odpowiednich sposobów zaprezentowania i wyjaśniania treści stanowiących kanon geografii Polski. Aby sprostać celom, proponuje się poster, zwany także plakatem naukowym. Poster jest graficznym przedstawieniem własnych badań czy też poszukiwań różnorodnych wiadomości, wykorzystującym tekst i obraz. Służyć może zaprezentowaniu różnorodnych zagadnień dotyczących zarówno elementów środowiska geograficznego, jak i działalności człowieka w ujęciu regionalnym, a także odnośnie do całego obszaru Polski.
EN
Typically, posters include both textual and graphic elements, although a poster may be either wholly graphical or wholly textual. Posters are designed so as to be both eye-catching and information-rich. Posters may be used for many purposes: it is a frequent tool of advertisers (particularly of events, musicians and films), propagandists, protesters and other groups trying to communicate a message. Posters are also used for reproductions of artwork, particularly famous works. Another type of poster is an educational one, which may be about a particular subject for educational purposes. According to Dina F. Mandoli (2007) a great poster is: readable, legible, well organised, and succinct. Pupils can also work using posters as an instruction method, preferably during classes, because then we have an opportunity to watch their ingenuity, involvement and activity. After they have studied the geographical issue set as their task, the final stage should be the presentation of the poster by its authors and possibly a discussion. Practice shows this method to be highly instructive.
EN
Young people, regardless of their social environment, place of residence or work, are looking for values and key competencies that enable achieving goals in life. Therefore, an appropriate education system is important, which in the conditions of changing reality will meet these requirements effectively. The contemporary employer is interested in four groups of key competencies, such as intellectual, professional, personal and interpersonal. Geography is a field with great potential for the development of various competencies. In this context, questions about adjusting geographical education to the expectations of employers are justified. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the current development of competencies and qualifications at the geography speciality of the Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland. The reference points included a report on research carried out among 200 employers in 2012, as well as surveys among students graduating from master‘s studies on the assessment of the level of their competencies and qualifications. It was determined that the strength of the current geographical education at the faculty is to prepare mainly specialists with broad general and professional knowledge, and high self-esteem in terms of cooperation in the group and communication. The area of development for the geographical education are intellectual competencies, above all independent thinking and prioritising. The last year geography students fall out the most in terms of personal competencies. The authors suggest building students‘ awareness because, as the above results show, they are not fully aware of what expectations they may face in the labour market. It is worth modifying the study program so as to put more emphasis on soft competencies and support the development of various forms of extra activities of students. Attention was also paid to the importance of didactic competencies, which on the one hand raise the self-esteem of students, and on the other, increase the chance of finding a good job. An interesting aspect of the research is the wide spectrum of professions in which students work. This reflects their diverse skills, including spatial thinking. Combined with increasing attention paid to the issues related to the natural environment and sustainable development, graduates of geography have a strong position to enter the current labour market. The advantage of geographers is the use of modern technologies. Unfortunately, however, the results of the research presented above, both among Polish students and internationally, indicate insufficient skills in the use of modern technologies by students of geography.
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PL
Walory turystyczne stanowią elementy środowiska przyrodniczego lub kulturowego, które decydują o atrakcyjności terenu, determinują aspekt poznawczy potencjalnego turysty, są uwzględniane w planach zagospodarowania przestrzennego i ochronie przyrody. O walorach turystycznych dorzecza Parsęty decyduje m.in. zróżnicowana struktura krajobrazu młodoglacjalnego. Charakterystycznym elementem środowiska przyrodniczego tego terenu jest sieć dolinna złożona z szeregu poligenetycznych obniżeń odziedziczonych po cyklu glacjalnym i peryglacjalnym. Najmłodszą część sieci drenażu stanowią dolinki erozyjno-denudacyjne i nisze źródliskowe. Elementy sieci dolinnej są silnie powiązane z pozostałymi składnikami środowiska przyrodniczego i decydują o georóżnorodności krajobrazu młodoglacjalnego. Walory krajobrazowe sieci dolinnej oraz uznanie części dolin jako obiektów ważnych w europejskiej sieci ekologicznej Natura 2000 wskazują na możliwości turystycznego wykorzystania tych form hydromorfologicznych.
EN
Tourist assets are a set of elements of the natural or cultural environment of an area that decide about its attractiveness, have a cognitive aspect for a potential tourist, and are considered in plans of spatial development and environmental protection. Among the tourist assets of Parsęta basin are a variety of valley landscapes. A characteristic element of the natural environment of this region is a valley network consisting of several polygenetic depressions left by the glacial-periglacial cycle. The youngest sections of this drainage network are erosiondenudation valleys and headwater alcoves. Elements of valley landscapes are closely connected with the remaining components of the natural environment and are an important factor determining the geodiversity of the postglacial landscape. A well-thought-out conception of their development and accessibility, including also damage-preventing measures, can certainly enrich the region’s tourist offer.
EN
The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the growth and survival of larval Atlantic sturgeon fed microworms (Panagrellus sp.) and brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia sp.). The experiment was conducted at the Department of Sturgeon Breeding in Pieczarki of the Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn. The experimental material comprised larval Atlantic sturgeon 22 days post hatch that were already feeding. The fish were stocked into nine tanks with a volume of 40 l each that were included in a recirculation system. The fish were divided into three experimental groups: group A was fed brine shrimp nauplii; group A+N was fed brine shrimp nauplii and microworms; group N was fed microworms. The fish from the group fed only brine shrimp nauplii attained the greatest body growth (0.068 g) and the highest survival (43.3%). Fish from group A+N, which received mixed feed, attained similar results for both growth and survival to that in group A (0.061 g and 33%). Differences between these two groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The weakest results were obtained for the group fed only microworms. The fish from this group had a final body weight of 0.045 g and survival of 1.7%. The differences in these parameters among the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The current experiment permits concluding that, at the moment, feeding microworms exclusively does not produce the anticipated results. Brine shrimp nauplii was a substantially better feed choice for larval Atlantic sturgeon. However, in both instances, further experiments must be performed before the precise daily ration or the manner in which the ration is divided over the day is determined. This information could improve the results of rearing substantially.
EN
The aim of the study was to compare the effects of rearing juvenile pikeperch in two types of tanks used widely in hatcheries; the tanks had either round (group O) or square (group K) bottoms. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment I, the mean initial body weight (m.c.) of the fish was 0.33 g, and in experiment II it was 1.76 g. The factor studied (tank shape) had a significant impact on the fish growth rates and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER). The results obtained in the two experiments differed. With the smaller pikeperch (experiment I) better results were obtained in group O, while with the larger fish (experiment II) better results were obtained in group K. No differences among groups in fish condition or stock survival were noted. The results indicate that smaller juvenile pikeperch (m.c. ≥ 0.3 g) should be reared in round-bottomed tanks, while larger fish (m.c. ≥ 2g) should be reared in square-bottomed tanks. Using the appropriate tanks for rearing particular size groups of pikeperch could potentially result in increased growth and more effective feed conversion ratios, thus shortening rearing times and lowering production costs.
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