Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Kontrola metabolizmu sacharozy u roślin w odpowiedzi na zmienne warunki środowiska

100%

Ciereszko I.

Kosmos

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2006

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tom 55

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nr 2-3

229-241

EN

Sucrose is a final product of photosynthesis; it is transported to the sink organs of a plant where it is used as substrate, metabolized to other organic compounds or stored. Besides, sucrose has a nonnutritive role — controlling plant growth, development and regulation of cell metabolism. This review summarizes information on the key enzymes of sucrose synthesis and breakdown, and regulations of their activity (transcriptional, translational control or posttranslational modifications) under unfavourable conditions. Changes of carbohydrate concentration in tissues have been frequently shown to be involved in plant responses to different stresses. Changes in sugar content influence the expression of various genes via a variety of signal transduction pathways. The regulatory role of sucrose, e.g. control of its own metabolism, and possible interactions of sugarresponse pathways with other signalling events are discussed.

2

Czy można usprawnić pobieranie fosforanów przez rośliny?

100%

Ciereszko I.

Kosmos

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2005

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tom 54

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nr 4

391-400

EN

Phosphorus is an important nutrient but usually it is at low availability in the soil - thus, it can limit plant growth and agricultural production. Plants have evolved various responses to adapt to low phosphorus nutrition - which is shortly summarized in this review. for example, roots secrete organic acids and different enzymes to rhizosphere, or can induce the transport system to improve the release (from the soil) and uptake of inorganic phosphate (Pi). Plants might control Pi nutrition by induction of mycorrhizae or by developing specific root structures - proteoid roots. attempts to generate plants which may more efficiently acquire Pi from the soil have recently been made by several scientific groups. the usefulness of such transgenic plants, with improved Pi uptake and enhanced Pi mobilization, and possible application of these plants in agriculture are discussed.

3

Odpowiedź fizjologiczna roślin na uszkodzenia mechaniczne

63%

Ciereszko I. , Łukaszuk E.

Edukacja Biologiczna i Środowiskowa

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2012

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nr 4

56-62

EN

Wounding is a common stress factor which is caused by strong wind, hail and insect feeding. Responses to mechanical damage are either local or systemic. A local response occurs in the vicinity of the wound area and includes healing and repairing of tissues, as well as protection against invasion of pathogens. A systemic response occurs throughout the plant. Signals are mediated especially by jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, ethylene, reactive oxygen species, systemin and sugars.

4

Fluorescencja chlorofilu a - historia odkrycia i zastosowanie w badaniach roślin

63%

Sulkiewicz M. , Ciereszko I.

Kosmos

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2016

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tom 65

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nr 1

103-115

PL

Fluorescencja chlorofilu a jest czułą, nieinwazyjną i szybką metodą pomiaru wydajności fotosystemu II (PSII). Artykuł przedstawia wprowadzenie teoretyczne, historię odkrycia fenomenu, opis najczęściej używanych technik oraz praktyczne zastosowanie pomiarów fluorescencji chlorofilu a w badaniach. Scharakteryzowano trzy główne metody pomiaru fluorescencji chlorofilu a tj. szybką, modulowaną oraz jej obrazowanie. Analiza parametrów fotoluminescencji chlorofilu a dostarcza wielu informacji o funkcjonowaniu PSII roślin rosnących w warunkach stresu abiotycznego i biotycznego, jest powszechnie wykorzystywana przez fizjologów roślin oraz ekofizjologów. Przedstawiono najnowsze wyniki badań wpływu wybranych niekorzystnych warunków środowiska (promieniowanie świetlne, wysoka temperatura, przechłodzenie, susza, zalanie, uszkodzenie mechaniczne) na zmiany parametrów fluorescencji chlorofilu a. Artykuł jest wprowadzeniem do tematyki pomiarów fluorescencji chlorofilu a i jest przeznaczony dla osób zainteresowanych wykorzystaniem jej w swoich badaniach.

EN

Chlorophyll a fluorescence is a sensitive, non-invasive fast tool for measuring photosynthetic efficiency mainly of photosystem II (PSII). We present description of basic photoluminescence mechanism, history of chlorophyll fluorescence discovery and review of main chlorophyll fluorescence measurement techniques with practical issue. In this article, we focus on methods of a fast chlorophyll fluorescence, pulse-amplitude modulated chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technique. Described techniques are powerful and widely use tools, available for plant physiologists and ecophysiologists. Analysis of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, which are good indicators or biomarkers of plant tolerance, provides many information about efficiency of PSII during abiotic and biotic stress. We describe how environmental stress conditions (irradiance, heat, cold, drought, flood and mechanical wounding) influence to most popular chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and how to interpret them. The aim of this review is to provide a simple, practical guide to chlorophyll fluorescence for beginners.

5

Reakcje roślin na deficyt fosforanów

63%

Ciereszko I. , Stulgis M.

Edukacja Biologiczna i Środowiskowa

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2012

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nr 4

47-55

EN

Phosphorus is one of the essential minerals necessary for proper growth, metabolism and development of plants. In many soils in the world the deficiency of inorganic phosphates (Pi) is often observed. It is estimated that natural sources of this element, necessary for production of mineral fertilizers, will be exhausted within ten years. Knowledge of the availability of phosphate is very important in agricultural areas because phosphorus deficiency can significantly reduce the production of crops, mainly grains. This will cause higher costs of food production, especially in developing countries. Plants have evolved two basic types of adaptation to phosphate stress conditions. The first enables the absorption and uptake of Pi by the root system, other mechanisms allow for efficient use of the reduced pool of Pi. The assimilation of Pi can be increased through secretion of various substances by the roots, including the release of organic acids or enzymes – extracellular APases. The mycorrhiza and soil microorganisms also play an important role. Intracellular APases are involved in the release of Pi from internal resources of the plant.

6

Roślinne kultury in vitro – charakterystyka i zastosowania

51%

Adamczuk R. , Siegień I. , Ciereszko I.

Edukacja Biologiczna i Środowiskowa

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2012

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nr 4

38-46

EN

The method of in vitro cultures is a specific technique of cultivation and study of plant material under sterile conditions. Plant tissue culture uses the plant’s ability of regeneration of the whole plant from its parts, even from a single cell. The culture is maintained in proper conditions of light and temperature that are different for plant species. Properties of the plant material and composition of physical properties of the medium have a profound impact of the quality of culture. In vitro plant cultures are widely used in plant science and find its application in practice in micropropagation, protection of biological diversity by creating banks of seeds, biotransformation, plant natural products or by creating transgenic organisms.