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An EOQ model for deteriorating items with time-dependent exponential demand rate and penalty cost

100%

Kumar S.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2019

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tom Vol. 29, No. 3

37--49

EN

The present paper deals with an EOQ model for deteriorating items with time-dependent exponential demand rate and partial backlogging. Shortages are allowed and completely backlogged in this model. The backlogging rate of unsatisfied demand is assumed as a function of waiting time. The concept of penalty cost is introduced in the proposed model because there are many perishable products that do not deteriorate for some period of time and after that period they continuously deteriorate and lose their values. This loss can be incurred as penalty cost to the wholesalers/retailers. In any business organization, the penalty cost has an important role for special types of seasonal products and short life products. Therefore, the total cost of the product can be reduced by maximizing the demand rate and minimizing the penalty cost during a given period of time. The purpose of our study is to optimise the total variable inventory cost. A numerical example is also given to show the applicability of the developed model.

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Changing views at Banaras Hindu University on the Academic Study of Religion: A first report from an on-going research project

51%

Sander Å. , Cavallin C. , Kumar S.

ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal

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2016

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tom Tom: 6

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nr Numer: 1

107-142

EN

Given India’s vibrant religious landscape, there is a somewhat surprising paucity of depart‐ ments, centres or even programs for the academic study of religion. This article discusses this issue based on the preliminary results of an interview study conducted at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, India, in 2014 and 20 Its focus is on the views of university teachers and researchers concerning the place, role and function of religion and religious stud‐ ies at BHU. Twenty‐eight semi‐structured interviews were conducted. In the course of their analysis, six themes emerged: 1) the place and role of religion in society; 2) religion as ‘religi‐ osity/spirituality’ or sanatana dharma vs. political ideology/communitarianism; 3) religion vs. dharma; 4) secularization; 5) religion in education in general; and, 6) religion in the education at BHU. The informants agreed on the increasing importance of religion in India, and most of them viewed the meaning of secularization as being ‘equal respect for all religions’. Moreover, a majority distinguished between ‘religion’, in the Western sense, and the Indian conception of dharma, considering it regrettable that the latter, described as the common ground of all reli‐ gions, is not taught more extensively at BHU. They also considered the original ideal of BHU’s founder, Madan Mohan Malaviya, to be of signi cant importance. That ideal involved not only teaching students the knowledge and skill sets found in a standard modern university, but also equipping them with a value‐based education, grounded upon sanatana‐dharma. As our project progresses, further understanding of this turn toward dharma education is something we intend to pursue through the lens of multiple modernities, developed by Marian Burchardt et al. as multiple secularities.

3

Potential of electrocoagulation technology for the treatment of tannery industrial effluents: A brief review

51%

Kumar Verma R. , Gautam K. , Agrahari S. , Kumar S.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 43, nr 2

217–-222

EN

In this new era, we are facing a major problem regarding wastewater in the environment, which has an adverse effect on human life. Wastewater from tanning industries is one of the major contributors to the pollution in aquatic systems. Tannery industries have always contributed to the world’s economy and trade despite facing criticism due to environmental pollution. Tanning effluent consists of organic, inorganic (chromium, nitrogenous compounds), and a large amount of solid content like TDS, TSS, TVS. To overcome these significant challenges, there have been few advancements related to tannery wastewater treatment. This article aims to provide a brief review on electrocaogulation based treatment technologies for eliminating the impurities from tannery wastewater. This review consists of the background with characteristics of tannery wastewater, the alternatives for treating the tannery effluent over the years along. A detailed description of the advanced technologies based on electrocoagulations is implemented to overcome the drawbacks of the existing methods.