Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Mineralogical and geochemical studies of secondary mineral assemblages related to deterioration of building materials

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Marszałek M. , Dudek K. , Gaweł A. , Czerny J.

Geological Quarterly

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2019

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tom Vol. 63, No. 4

683--698

EN

The study was aimed at mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of secondary phases related to deterioration of historic building materials. The investigations, carried out in the Holy Trinity Basilica in Kraków, Poland, focused on the southern facade of the 17th-century Myszkowskis Chapel, built of the Miocene Pińczów limestone. Lower part of the facade is covered with a cement render, and the exposed foundations are made of Jurassic limestone and Cretaceous sandstone, both of local origin from the Kraków region and neighbouring Carpathians, in the form of irregular blocks bound with a cement mortar. The wall surface exhibits clear signs of damage; from dark grey soiling and scaling to efflorescences. Sampled materials, deteriorated, altered crusts and efflorescences were analysed with optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman microspectroscopy methods. The secondary minerals distinguished include abundant gypsum CaSO42H2O, less common thenardite Na2SO4 (and/or mirabilite Na2SO410H2O), aphthitalite (K, Na)3Na(SO4)2, darapskite Na3(SO4)(NO3)H2O, ettringite Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 26H2O, monosulphite Ca4Al2O6SO311H2O, as well as scarce nitre KNO3, nitratine NaNO3 and halite NaCl. Gypsum usually forms surface crusts and fills the pores inside some materials. The efflorescences, sampled from the exposed foundations, consisted of thenardite and/or mirabilite, aphthitalite and darapskite, whereas ettringite and monosulphite were connected with cement renders. Traces of nitre, nitratine and halite were detected at various elements of the chapel facade and foundations. The origin of the salts is related to composition and physicochemical properties of the building materials, as well as to anthropogenic factors.

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Zastosowanie termowizji do detekcji nieszczelności w sektorze motoryzacyjnym

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Macherzyński W. , Ochman M. , Kulas Z. , Dudek K. , Didyk M. , Sroczyński D.

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2021

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tom R. 25, nr 3

79--85

PL

Coraz bardziej rygorystyczne wymagania w zakresie ochrony środowiska, bezpieczeństwa czy niezawodności wymuszają na firmach z sektora motoryzacyjnego stosowanie efektywniejszych testów potwierdzających wymaganą szczelności komponentów (chłodnic, zbiorników, sprężyn powietrznych itp.). Obecnie stosowane metody niosą ze sobą ograniczenia, które generują otwartość przemysłu motoryzacyjnego na zupełnie nowe sposoby realizacji pomiaru nieszczelności. Zastosowanie kamer termowizyjnych do pomiaru energii cieplnej jest obecnie powszechną praktyką w wielu dziedzinach, a zastosowanie ich do pomiaru nieszczelności zamkniętych ustrojów pozwoliłoby na znaczne skrócenie czasu pomiarów w przypadku zbiorników odkształcalnych, wymagających długich czasów stabilizacji w metodach konkurencyjnych. W artykule opisano zastosowanie termowizji do wykrywania nieszczelności sprężyn gazowych.

EN

Increasing requirements for environmental protection, safety or reliability force automotive industries to use more efficient tests to measure tightness of the components. Currently adapted methods brings limitations which makes automotive industry open for new techniques for leakage tests. Infrared cameras are widely used in various fields. Using them to test leakage of closed-volume systems allows to significantly reduce test time, especially for objects which requires long stabilization times in competitive methods. In the article thermovision usage for leakage detection of gas springs were described.

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Zgodność barwy spolimeryzowanych stomatologicznych kompozytów światłoutwardzalnych z nazewnictwem producentów w oparciu o klucz kolorystyczny VITA : badania doświadczalne przy użyciu elektrooptycznego urządzenia Shade Star® Dentsplay

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Berdzik-Janecka M. , Jawor-Moczulska N. , Kosior P. , Dobrzyński M. , Dudek K. , Gajos B.

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2019

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tom Vol. 8, nr 1

69--72

PL

Materiał kompozytowy jest najbardziej popularnym materiałem wykorzystywanym w stomatologii odtwórczej. Jedną z jego najważniejszych zalet jest wysoka estetyka możliwa do osiągnięcia dzięki szerokiej gamie kolorystycznej. W celu uproszczenia pracy lekarzom klinicystom, zarówno stomatologii zachowawczej, dziecięcej, jak i protetyki, wprowadzono ujednolicony szablon kolorystyczny wg VITA. Producenci dostępnych na rynku materiałów stomatologicznych do bezpośredniej rekonstrukcji zębów oferują zestawy kompozytów o nazewnictwie barwy opartym wg wspomnianego kolornika. Zaobserwowano jednak istotne różnice między barwą materiału odtwórczego określoną przez klinicystę na podstawie kolornika a uzyskanym finalnym efektem kolorystycznym wypełnienia. W pracy podjęto zagadnienie porównania w warunkach doświadczalnych barwy próbki spolimeryzowanego materiału złożonego z barwą sugerowaną przez producenta.

EN

A composite material is the most popular material used in restorative dentistry. One of its main advantages is the high aesthetics achievable with a wide range of colors. In order to simplify the work of clinicians, both conservative dentistry, pediatric and prosthetics, introduced a unified template color by VITA. Manufacturers of dental materials available on the market, to direct tooth reconstruction offer sets of composites- based naming colors mentioned by the shade guide. However, it has been observed a significant differences between the color of the restorative material as determined by the clinician based on the shade guide and the final color result of the filling. The paper presents an the problem of the comparison under the experimental conditions color of the sample of polymerized composite material with the color recommended by producer.

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The assessment of temperature amplitude arising during the implant bed formation in relation to variable preparation parameters – in vitro study

75%

Kosior P. , Nikodem A. , Kozuń M. , Dudek K. , Janeczek M. , Dobrzyński M.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2021

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tom Vol. 23, no. 3

163--173

EN

The main purpose of this study was to analyse the temperatures generated during the bone bed preparation, given the internal structure of the bone bed, the geometry of the hole, and the treatment parameters such as the type of cooling and the rotational speed of the drill. The investigated material was domestic pig ribs, in which holes were drilled three times using two drill bit systems used for Hiossen® and Paltop® dental implantation. The ThermaCAM® P640 thermal imaging camera was used for measurement of drilling temperatures. After the holes were drilled, each rib was examined using the 1172 SkyScan microtomograph, Bruker®, to compare the geometry of the machined holes. The presented study proved that larger diameter drill bits (Hiossen® drill bits) generate more heat during the machining process, as evidenced by higher temperatures obtained for the Hiossen system in each case. It was proved that rotational speed, drill bit diameter and cooling system have a significant effect on the amount of heat generated during bone tissue preparation. The density and type of bone tissue in which the hole is prepared are significant factors affecting the amount of heat generated.

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Hollow fiber bioreactor with genetically modified hepatic cells as a model of biologically active function block of the bioartificial liver

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Jakubowska M. , Wisniewska M. J. , Wencel A. , Wojciechowski C. , Gora M. , Dudek K. , Chwojnowski A. , Burzynska B. , Pijanowska D. G. , Pluta K. D.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2024

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tom Vol. 44, no. 1

9--19

EN

Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, that can lead to liver failure, are major public health issues, with liver transplantation as the only effective treatment. However, the limited availability of transplantable organs has spurred research into alternative therapies, including bioartificial livers. To date, liver hybrid support devices, using porcine hepatocytes or hepatoma-derived cell lines, have failed to demonstrate efficacy in clinical trials. Here, for the first time, we report the construction of a model of biologically active function block of bioartificial liver based on a hollow fiber bioreactor populated with genetically modified hepatic cells. For comprehensive comparison the culturing of hepatic cells was carried out in both static and dynamic conditions in a medium that flowed through porous polysulfone capillaries. The most crucial parameters, such as cell viability, glucose consumption, albumin secretion and urea production, were analyzed in static conditions while glucose usage and albumin production were compared in dynamic cell cultures. This model has the potential to improve the development of bioartificial liver devices and contribute to the treatment of patients with impaired liver function.