Water holds a particularly important place in our lives; it is a precious resource called: blue gold. Unfortunately, pollutants and pollution in general are the main causes of the degradation of the quality of water resources in the world. In this intention we have focused our research on a qualitative study of surface waters of the Oued Mellègue watershed (North East of Algeria), which is a tributary of Oued Medjerda (Souk-Ahras), whose objective is to estimate the intensity as well as the origin of the pollution that has contaminated this water course However, the results obtained reveal that the waters of this wadi are totally polluted and deteriorated, and they have lost all their physical and chemical qualities. And they become contaminated to the point that they have become harmful for the public and for the fauna and flora that shelter. So the research of solutions to the pollution of water resources must be in full swing, because the future of water is intimately linked to that of humanity. It must therefore be preserved and protected rigorously and with great accuracy.
Drust in urbain city can be reduced throught plants. Besides, the majority among of the drusts are accumulated on their leaves, that’s why they are used as an indicator to estimate the air quality. This work illustrates the interest of the urban vegetation and satellite data to detect the air pollution in the town of El Eulma (North East of Algeria). To achieve this, our use of remote sensing make it easy to understand the temporal and spatial distribution of air pollution, and its effect on the ecosystem througout Normalized Pigment Chlorophyll Ratio Index (NPCI). In the other hand, the analysis of leaves of most dominant plants make it possible to understand the air quality in this region. Four species are selected from different plots in the study area as well as: nerium (Nerium oleander), planetree (Platanus acerifolia), wax-leaf privet (Ligustrum japonicum) and white mulberry (Morus alba). Our finding show a variation of the ratio fresh matter/dry matter of plant leaves from site to another which is very weak in places marked by high anthropic action. Also, the statisical analysis found that this ration is very important in planetree and white mulberry. The high concentration in dust registered in nerium leaves contributes to the decrease of the ratio fresh matter/dry matter in this species. The results of NPCI are verry weak in nerium compared to other species, while a very large amount of dust has been recorded on their leaves, which prevents the photosynthetic reaction. The findings of this work might contribute to the plant species selection for urban vegetation and the important of the use of NPCI index in evaluation of the pollution intensity which accord to ratio fresh matter/dry matter results.
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