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2 Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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Studies on flavanolignans from cultured cells of Silybum marianum

100%

Elwekeel A. , AbouZid S. , Sokkar N. , Elfishway A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2012

tom 34

nr 4

Callus and cell suspension cultures of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae) were established from in vitro germinated sterile plantlets. The cultures grew in Murashige and Skoog medium containing 1 mg l⁻¹ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.1 mg l⁻¹ kinetin. A reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography method for determination of flavanolignans in plant material was developed using an isocratic solvent system comprising acetonitrile and water containing 0.5% (v/v) phosphoric acid. Silychristin was the major flavanolignan produced by the cultured cells followed by silydianin. Elicitation of cultured S. marianum cells with 100 µg ml⁻¹ yeast extract increased silychristin production from 0.11 to 0.23 mg g⁻¹ fresh weight. Free radical scavenging activity was tested for the cultured cells using 1,1-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Extract prepared from the cultured cells of S. marianum showed 48% inhibition compared to 55% inhibition of the extract prepared from the fruits. Cytotoxic activity was tested using liver carcinoma cell line (HEPG2). Cultured cells and fruit extracts showed a significant cytotoxic activity of IC₅₀ = 1.01 and 0.47 µg, respectively. Extract of S. marianum cultured cells ameliorated the adverse effects of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in rats and returned the altered levels of biochemical markers to near normal levels.

Antioxidant, anticancer and hepatoprotective activities of Cotoneaster horizontalis Decne extract as well as a-tocopherol and amygdalin production from in vitro culture

75%

Sokkar N. , El-Gindi O. , Sayed S. , Mohamed S. , Ali Z. , Alfishawy I.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2013

tom 35

nr 08

The phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of branches of Cotoneaster horizontalis, Decne revealed the presence of: β-carotene, ascorbic acid and less amounts of α-tocopherol and amygdalin (vitamin B17) in proportions of: 2,500, 70, 0.093, 0.334 mg 100 g-1, respectively. Acute oral toxicity test revealed its safety profile. In vitro study revealed its good 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and anticancer activities. Invivo study, simultaneous administration of this extract at a dose of 100 or 200 mg kg-1 body weight for 4 weeks, exhibited a significant protection in a dose-dependant manner against hepatotoxicity induced by repeated dose of acetaminophen (1 g kg-1 body weight day-1, p.o.) by preserving the liver function parameters, hepatic redox state and serum lipid profile near the healthy levels. Consequently, in vitro culture was carried out on full or half strength of Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations of benzyl amino purine or kinetin provided shootlets production; different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and naphthalene acetic acid showed an increase of callus. Determination of a-tocopherol and amygdalin in different shootlets and callus extracts showed a pronounced increases up to 30.62 and 3.69 mg 100 g-1 in shootlet extract, respectively as well as 26.61 and 12.71 mg 100 g-1 in callus extract, respectively, as compared with those of the mother plant (0.76 and 0.11 mg 100 g-1 extract, respectively).