Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Testing of self-(in)compatibility in apricot cultivars using fluorescence microscopy

100%

Milatovic D. , Nikolic D. , Fotiric-Aksic M. , Radovic A.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2013

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tom 12

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nr 6

EN

Self-incompatibility is common in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars of Central Asian and Irano-Caucasian ecogeographical groups, while cultivars of European group are traditionally considered as self-compatible. However, the number of known self-incompatible cultivars of the European group has increased rapidly over the last two decades. This can be explained by using Asian or North American self-incompatible cultivars in breeding programs that aim to create new genotypes with the traits including: Plum Pox Virus resistance, frost tolerance, increase of the sugar content or extending the harvest time. In this work self-(in)compatibility was tested in 38 apricot cultivars. Pollentube growth in pistils pollinated in laboratory was analysed using fluorescence microscopy. Cultivars were considered self-compatible if at least one pollen tube reached the ovary in the majority of pistils. In self-incompatible cultivars growth of pollen tubes in the style of pistil stopped along with formation of characteristic swellings. Of the examined cultivars, 17 were self-compatible, and 21 were self-incompatible.

PL

Niesamopłonność jest powszechna u odmian moreli (Prunus armeniaca L.) w środkowo-azjatyckich i irańsko-kaukaskich grupach eko-geograficznych, natomiast odmiany grupy europejskiej są tradycyjnie uważane za samopłonne. Jednak liczba znanych samopłonnych odmian grupy europejskiej gwałtownie wzrosła podczas ostatnich dwóch dziesięcioleci. Można to wyjaśnić, używając azjatyckich i północno-amerykańskich samopłonnych odmian w programach hodowlanych, które mają na celu stworzenie nowych genotypów o cechach obejmujących odporność na Plum Pox Virus, tolerancję na mróz, wyższą zawartość cukru czy przedłużony okres zbiorów. W niniejszej pracy testowano samo(nie)płonność u 38 odmian moreli. Przy użyciu mikroskopu fluorescencyjnego przeanalizowano wzrost łagiewki pyłkowej na słupkach zapylonych w laboratorium. Odmiany uważano za samopłonne, jeśli przynajmniej jedna łagiewka pyłkowa docierała do zalążni na większości słupków. U odmian niesamopłonnych wzrost łagiewki pyłkowej na szyjce słupka zatrzymał się wraz z wytworzeniem się charakterystycznych zgrubień. Spośród badanych odmian, 17 było samopłonne, natomiast 21 odmian było niesamopłonnych.

2

Inheritance and phenotypic correlations of agronomic traits in grapevine offsprings

88%

Nikolic D. , Milijkovic J. , Rakonic V. , Radojevic I. , Rankovic-Vasic Z.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2018

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tom 17

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nr 5

EN

The mode of inheritance and the degree of phenotypic correlation between some more important agronomic traits in two offsprings obtained by direct and reciprocal crossing of cultivars ‘Smederevka’ and ‘Gewurztraminer’ were investigated in this study. In 62 genotypes from direct crossing (Smederevka × Gewurztraminer) and 66 genotypes from reciprocal crossing (Gewurztraminer × Smederevka), the traits evaluated were as follows: time of bud burst, flowering time, ripening time, bunch weight, berry weight, grape yield, sugar content of must and total acidity of must. The genotypes of F₁ generation for the investigated traits were arranged into a number of categories by the OIV method. In both crossing combinations (direct and reciprocal) for most traits, the same mode of inheritance (partial dominance, dominance or heterosis) was determined. Differences in the mode of inheritance, depending on whether the parental varieties were used as a father or mother, were found only for ripening time (partial dominance and intermediate inheritance). The prevailing mode of inheritance established for most of studied traits, regardless of the crossing method, was negative heterosis. From all examined traits, a significant influence of maternal effect was determined for the inheritance of flowering time and ripening time. In both crossing combinations, statistically significant phenotypic correlations were found between some studied traits.

3

Unusual growth of pollen tubes in the ovary of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.)

75%

Radovic A. , Nikolic D. , Cerovic R. , Milatovic D. , Dordevic B. , Zec G.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2017

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tom 16

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nr 2

EN

This paper presents the results of a three-year research (2010–2012) of unusual growth of pollen tubes in the ovary in eight cultivars of quince in two pollination variants (self-pollination and open-pollination). Unusual behavior of pollen tubes growth could be seen in all parts of the ovary, and it was most often manifested by larger or smaller branching and the formation of bundle in the ovary, without signs of further penetration of pollen tubes to the ovule. In addition, in a small number of cases, branching of the pollen tubes, as well as bypassing micropyle and forming swellings at the tips of the pollen tube was noticed. There were also the cases where the pollen tube filled embryo sac forming a bundle in it. The occurrence of unusual growth of pollen tubes in the quince ovary was primarily dependent on the genotype and pollination type. This phenomenon was more expressed in open-pollination than in self-pollination variant in all examined cultivars. Leskovacka cultivar was characterized by the highest percentage of unusual growth of pollen tubes in both variants of pollination, as follows: 13.23% (self-pollination) and 15.89% (open-pollination).